School: Silago National Vocational HS
GRADE 10
DAILY
LESSON PLAN
Teaching Dates & Time:
I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standards
B. Performance Standards
C. Learning Competencies
D. Learning Objectives
II. CONTENT
III. LEARNING RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide pages
2. Learner’s Materials pages
3. Textbook pages
4. Additional Materials from
Learning Resource
(LR)portal
B. Other Learning Resources
IV. PROCEDURES
ELICIT
A. Reviewing previous lesson or
presenting the new lesson
ENGAGE
B. Establishing a purpose for the
lesson
C. Presenting examples/ instances
of the new lesson
EXPLORE
D. Discussing new concepts and
practicing new skills #1
E. Discussing new concepts and
practicing new skills #2
Grade Level: 10
Learning
Teacher: Sharlene Cecil O. Pagobo Area: Science
March 2024 Quarter: 3rd
The learners demonstrate an understanding of mutations that occur in sex cells as
being heritable.
Explain how may cause changes in the structure and function of a protein.
(S10LT-IIIe-38)
K: Explain the concept of mutation and differentiate the kinds of chromosomal
mutations.
S: Draw or describe a hypothetical hybrid organism.
A: Infer the possible results should there be any changes in the genetic codes.
Genetic Code Table, Mutation: (Types and Disorders), & Genetic Engineering
and Karyotyping
208-212
281-293
Powerpoint presentation, pictures, animation, video clip
Briefly recall the Genetic Code Table from the previous lesson.
Present figure 8 found in page 281 relating it to student’s experiences when
copying notes in the board.
Let the students analyze the figure.
Show pictures of MUTANTS. (Ex: X-Men, Ninja Turtles, etc.)
Genetic Code Table
Genetic codes are found in DNA or RNA which is made up
of nucleotide bases usuallyin three’s (triplet) called codons,
that code for the amino acids making up the proteins. The
mRNA codons code for specific amino acids.
Mutation
When the code in a gene is changed, a different message may result. Any change
in the sequence of nitrogenous bases in the DNA, any mistake in the transcription
of genetic information from DNA to RNA or pairing of the codon and anticodon,
may cause changes in the kind, sequence, and number of amino acids of proteins
synthesized by cells.
Mutations are changes to a DNA sequence. Just like the information in DNA as a
group of sentences, mutations are mistakes in spelling of the words that form those
sentences. Changes in the genes can occur for a variety of reasons. Mutation may
be induced by factors called mutagens.
Mutagens are agents that cause alteration in the DNA and can lead to permanent
mutations in the DNA sequence depending on the ability of an organism to repair
the damage. Examples of mutagens are radioactive substances, x-rays, ultraviolet
radiation, and certain chemicals or drugs.
Mutations can occur in two different types of cells: reproductive cells and body
cells. Only mutations in sex cells pass on to offspring.
There are two types of mutations that can occur in gamete cells:
 Gene mutation is a permanent change in the DNA sequence that makes up a
gene.

EXPLAIN
F. Developing mastery.
(Leads to Formative Assessment
3)
ELABORATE
G. Finding practical applications of
concepts and skills in daily
living
H. Making generalizations and
abstractions about the lesson
EVALUATE
I. Evaluating learning
Types:
o Point mutation. This may lead to substitution mutation.
 Nonsense, Missense, and Silent mutation
o Frameshift mutation
 Chromosomal mutation occurs at the chromosome level resulting in gene
deletion, duplication or rearrangement that may occur during the cell cycle
and meiosis. It may be caused by parts of chromosomes breaking off or
rejoining incorrectly.
Types:
o Deletion
o Duplication
o Inversion
o Insertion
o Translocation
Most mutations are harmful. Some mutations in a body cell are known to cause
cancer, while mutations in sex cells can cause birth defects. A severe mutation may
lead to cell death and may have no effect on the body. Sometimes mutations may
be useful for the species. For example, a mutation in blood proteins prevents
viruses or parasites to thrive in host organisms.
The gain or loss of chromosome material can lead to a variety of genetic disorders.
Human examples are the following:
1. Cri du chat
2. Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21)
3. Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18)
4. Jacobsen Syndrome (Terminal 11q Deletion Disorder)
5. Klinefelter’s syndrome (XXY)
6. Turner’s syndrome (X instead of XX or XY).
Human Karyotyping
Some of the abnormalities associated with chromosome structure and number can
be detected by a test called a karyotype. A karyotype is an image of the full set of
chromosomes of an individual that displays the normal number, size, and shape.
Karyotypes may reveal the gender of a fetus or test for certain defects through
examination of cells from uterine fluid – a procedure called amniocentesis – or
through sampling of placental membranes.
Genetic Engineering
Understanding the gene has led to the remarkable
development of methods for changing a cell’s DNA. A
modern biotechnology called genetic engineering produces
transgenic or GM (genetically modified) crops of organisms.
Scientists have developed methods to move genes from one species into another.
When DNA from two different species is joined together, it is called recombinant
DNA.
Perform Activity 6 in L.M. pp. 284-287 “Chromie Change”
What may happen if there are changes in the genetic code?
When is mutation inherited?
Why are mutations in sex cells heritable?
Have you heard of GMOs?
Are you aware of any GMOs in our society?
What are some of the benefits of genetic engineering?
A. Multiple Choice: Choose the letter/s of the correct answer.
Which statement/s applies to the concept of mutation?
a. Found in DNA or RNA which is made up of codons.
b. Changes to a DNA sequence.
c. May occur in body cells and gametes.
d. An image of the full set of chromosomes of an individual.
e. Most mutations can be harmful.
f. Includes radioactive substances, ultraviolet radiation, and drugs.
 g. When the code in a gene is changed.
h. A modern biotechnology that produces GMOs.
i. Can reveal the gender of a fetus.
j. Can be caused by mutagens.

B. Matching Type. Match the type of mutation to its definition and disorder.
Mutation Definition
Deletion a. when a part of a chromosome is copied (duplicated) too many times.
Duplication b. When a segment of a chromosome is reversed end to end.
Inversion c. Segments of two chromosomes are exchanged.
Insertion d. When a base is deleted from the nitrogen base sequence.
e. The addition of one or more nucleotide base pairs into a DNA
Translocation
sequence.

C. Draw or describe a hypothetical hybrid organism.

If you could engineer an organism, what would you engineer, and why? (5 points)
EXTEND
J. Additional activities for Research on some information about your chosen genetic disorder.
application or remediation
A. REMARKS
B. REFLECTION Sardonyx Opal Sunstone Onyx
A. No. of learners who earned 80% on
the formative assessment
B. No. of learners who require
additional activities for remediation.

C. Did the remedial lessons work?

No. of learners who have caught
up with the lesson.
D. No. of learners who continue to
require remediation
E. Which of my teaching strategies
worked well? Why did these work?
F. What difficulties did I encounter
which my principal or supervisor
can help me solve?
G. What innovation or localized
materials did I use/discover which I
wish to share with other teachers?

Prepared by: Checked by:

Sharlene Cecil O. Pagobo Benjie Mae C. Gomez

Pre-Service Teacher Cooperating Teacher
BSEd – Science 4 Special Science Teacher I
SLSU-HC Science 10