f (-x) = f (x) f (-x) = - f (x) f (-x)  f (x)

Symmetric about (y - axis) Symmetric about (origin) f (-x)  -f (x)

y y

0 x
0 x

 The function is continuous if there isn't any y

y = g(x)
interruption or jump in its graphical
representation.
0 x
f (x) continuous to all values x
* The function f (x) is continuous at x = c in the following conditions appy:
* f (c) exist and equal L. * Lim f (x) = Lim f (x) = L
x→c- x→c+

Infinite Discontinuity Jumping Discontinuity Removable Discontinuity

y y y

0 c x 0 c x 0 c x

Not removable Not removable Removable

3
 Decreasing Constant Increasing
If x1  x2 then f (x1)  f (x2) If x1  x2 then f (x1) = f (x2 ) If x1  x2 then f (x1)  f (x2)
y y y
f (x1) f (x1) = f (x2) f (x1)

f (x2) f (x2)

0 x1 x2 x 0 x1 x2 x 0 x1 x2 x

* Example: * Attention:
y
The function can't be described as
f (x) is increasing in (-, -5) increasing or decreasing about a
y = f(x) point, therefore we use the two
f (x) is constant in (-5, 0)
brackets (,) when the increasing and
-5 0 x f (x) is decreasing in (0, ) decreasing intervals are determined.

y maximum
 The points where the function changes its behaviour
(increasing or decreasing) forming a top or a bottom,
are called critical points.
0 x

minimum

minimum values maximum values

absolute minimum local minimum absolute maximum local maximum
Existence of local Existence of a value for Existence of local Existence of a value for
minimum value for the the function which is maximum value for the the function which is
function, if it was the less than all the other function, if it was the greater than all the
smallest value for the values in the interval of greatest value for other values in the
function in its domain. its domain. function in its domain. interval of its domain.
y y local absolute
maximum maximum
f (b)
f (a)
f (a)
local absolute
f (b) minimum minimum
0 a b x 0 a b x