PROCEDURE TEXT
Definition
Procedure text is a text that explain how something works or how to make
something.
Purpose
To Instruct or Teach: It aims to explain how to complete a task, such as
cooking a recipe, assembling furniture, or performing an experiment.
Generic Structure
Language Features of Procedure Text
1. Use of Imperative Verbs (Command Forms)
The text often uses imperative verbs to give direct instructions. These are
action verbs that tell the reader what to do.
Examples: Mix, Boil, Cut, Stir, Place, Add, Turn on.
2. Simple Present Tense
Procedure texts usually use the simple present tense because the
instructions describe actions that are general truths or things that should
be done in the present time.
Example: Turn on the oven (present tense, indicating an instruction to do
now).
3. Sequence Connectors (Linking Words)
These help to show the order of the steps, guiding the reader from one
action to the next.
Examples: First, Next, Then, After that, Finally.
4. Clear and Concise Language
The language in procedure texts is straightforward, with minimal use of
complex words, making it easy for the reader to follow the steps.
Example: Add 2 cups of flour rather than Carefully add exactly two cups of
finely sifted flour (which would be more complicated).
5. Use of Action Verbs
Action verbs are used to describe what the reader should do, providing
clear instructions for each step.
Example: Cut, Mix, Pour, Heat, Stir.
6. Use of Time Expressions
Time-related words are used to indicate how long something should take
or when to perform an action.
Examples: For 5 minutes, Until golden brown, After 10 minutes.
7. Nouns for Materials or Ingredients
Procedure texts include a list of materials or tools needed to complete the
task.
Example: You will need a saucepan, a spoon, sugar, and water.
8. Numbered or Bullet Points for Steps
Steps are often numbered or listed in bullet points to make the procedure
easy to follow.
Example:
Boil the water.
Add the tea bag.
Stir and wait for 3 minutes.
