FLUID MACHINERY AND GAS DYNAMICS

1. A turbine is called impulse if at the inlet of the turbine is

a. Total energy is only pressure energy

b. Total energy is only kinetic energy

c. Total energy is the sum of kinetic energy and pressure energy

d. None of these

2. Match the following:

1.Pelton turbine – a.Reaction radial flow turbine

2.Francis turbine – b.Impulse turbine

3.Kaplan turbine – c.Axial flow reaction turbine

Options:

a) b.c.a b) a.b.c c) c.b.a d) b.a.c

3. The speed ratio for pelton wheel varies from

a) 0.45 to 0.50

b) 0.6 to 0.7

c) 0.3 to 0.4

d) 0.8 to 0.9

4.Draft tube is used for discharging water from the exit of

1) An impulse turbine

2) A francis turbine

3) A kaplan turbine

4) A pelton turbine

Options

a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3 c) 3 and 4 d) 1and 4

5.The unit discharge and unit speed curves for different turbines are shown in fig Curve A is for
a)Francis Turbine

b)Kaplan turbine

c)Pelton Turbine

d)Propeller turbine

6. Specific speed of a turbine is defined as the speed at which the turbine runs when

a) Working under unit head and discharging one litre per second

b) Working under unit head and develops uni horse power

c) Develops unit horse power4 and discharges one litre per second

d) None of the above

7. Choose the correct answer

a) Curves at constant speed are called main characteristic curves

b) Curves at constant head are called main characteristic curves

c) Curves at constant efficiency are called operating characteristic curves

d) Curves at constant efficiency are called main characteristic curves

8. To produce a high speed by multistage centrifugal pumps, the impellers are connected

a) In parallel

b) In series

c) In parallel and series

d) None of the above

9. Cavitation will take place if the pressure of the flowing fluid at any point is

a) More than vapour pressure of the fluid

b) Equal to vapour pressure of the fluid

c) Less than vapour pressure of the fluid

10. Choose the correct answer

a) Centrifugal pump convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy by sucking liquid into vapour.

b) Reciprocating pump convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy by means of centrifugal force.

c) Centrifugal pump convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy by by means of centrifugal force.

d) Reciprocating pump convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy.

11. A regenerator in a gas turbine

a) Reduces heat loss in exhaust.

b) Permit use of high compression ratio.

c) Improves thermal efficiency.

d) Permits use of fuels of inferior quality.

12. Gas turbine used in aircraft is of

a) Open cycle type.

b) Closed cycle type with reheating.

c) Closed cycle type with reheating and regeneration.

d) Open cycle type with reheating, regeneration and intercooling.

13. Overall efficiency of a gas turbine

a) Equal to Rankine cycle efficiency

b) Equal to Carnot cycle efficiency

c) Less than Diesel cycle efficiency

d) more than Otto or Diesel cycle efficiency

14. Axial flow compressor has

a) Larger blades at gas entry and smaller blades at exit

b) Larger blades at gas exit and smaller blades at entry

c) Identical blades at exit as well as entry

15. An axial flow compressor is suitable for

a) High volume flow rate with small pressure rise

b) Low volume flow rate with small pressure rise

c) High volume flow rate with high pressure rise

d) Low volume flow rate with high pressure rise

16.The effect of blade friction in steam turbine is to

a) Reheat the steam

b) Increase the output

c) Reduce exhaust pressure

d) Reduce work done

17. In pelton wheel, shaft power=11,772 KW, Head=380m,Speed=750rpm,overall

a) 7.762

b) 4.672

c) 5.763

d) 3.672

18.From the previous problem, find the no. of jets if the velocity of the jet=85.05 m/s

a) 5

b) 3

c) 2

d) 1

19. In a pelton wheel, speed ratio=0.45, Head=180m,Dia. of jet=0.35m,Speed=350rpm. Find the

a) 26.74 m/s

b) 74.62 m/s
c) 62.74 m/s

d) None of these

20.In a francis turbine, the discharge is radial at outlet and guide blade angle=15º, Runner vane at inlet
and outlet are 45º and 38º resp. Find the degree of reaction?

a) 0.416

b) 0.316

c) 0.516

d) 0.616

21. From the previous problem if the vanes are radial at inlet find the hydraulic efficiency=?

a) 96.53%

b)100%

c)98.75%

d)94.77%

22. For a given Kaplan turbine, speed=200rpm, shaft power=1986.5kw, head=25m, Find the specific
speed=?

a)160 rpm

b)159.46 rpm

c)176.49 rpm

d)183 rpm

23. In a Kaplan turbine, Power at inlet=500kw, head=100m,speed= 200rpm, head at outlet =81m. Find
the speed and power at outlet?

a) 190 rpm, 264.5 kw

b) 200 rpm, 564.5 kw

c) 180 rpm, 364.5 kw

d) 210 rpm, 464.5 kw

24. In a centrifugal pump, water enters impeller radially, manometric head =12.5m, whirl velocity at
inlet =23.2m/s, tangential velocity at outlet =26.18m/s. Find the manometric efficiency=?
a) 61.5%

b) 64.4%

c) 66.6%

d) 70.0%

25. All pumps are identical & running at 800 rpm & total head=89m, discharge=0.16m 3/s & head
developed by each pump=29.94m. Find the specific speed?

a) 28

b) 20

c) 23

d) 25

26. From the previous problem, find the number of pumps required?

a) 4

b) 2

c) 3

d) 1

27. The water in a jet propelled boat with an absolute velocity of 20m/s, cross sectional area of boat is
0,02 m^2, and boat moving with a speed of 30 km/hr. find the propelling force=?

a)11332 N

b)12332 N

c)13332 N

d)14.332 kN

28. From the previous problem, find the efficiency of jet propulsion =?

a) 52.8%

b) 45.3%

c) 55.6%

d) 41.5%
29. Calculate mach no. at a point on jet propelled aircraft which is flying at a 1100 km/hr, air temp.=20º
C. Take k=1.4 and R =287 J/kg K.

a) 0.99

b) 0.89

c) 0.79

d) 0.69

30. In a pelton wheel, dia. of jet =85 mm, dia.meter of wheel =160mm. Find the width and depth of the
bucket =?

a) 525 and 202 mm

b) 425 and 102 mm

c) 437 and 120 mm

d) 450 and 150 mm

31. From the previous problem, Find the number of buckets and jet ratio =?

a) 25,1.88

b) 26,1.48

c) 27,2.88

d) 24,1.88

32. For a centrifugal pump rotating at 1000 rpm the relation for cavitation is given by σ =1.03*10^(-
3)*(specific speed)^(4/3) and then discharge =0.16 m^3/s. Manometric head=30 m

Find the critical value of σ=?

a) 0.1012

b) 0.1123

c) 0.1223

d) 0.1543

33. From the previous problem, find the minimum positive suction head?

34. In a francis turbine,

Frequency=50 hertz/sec, velocity=40.75m/s, dia=1.25m.

ANSWER: 5 poles

35.The range of compression ratio in gas turbine 5 to 8.

36. In case of centrifugal compressor the phenomenon of fixed mass flow rate in compressor regardless
of pressure ratio is known as choking.

37.The maximum hydraulic efficiency of Pelton turbine is given by (1+cosα)/2.

38.Range of specific speed of Kaplan or Propeller turbine is 255 to 860.