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POWER
PLANT
Introduction
Works on Rankine Cycle
Steam produced in boiler (usually by burning coal) is
Rankine Cycle
LAYOUT OF
STEAM POWER PLANT
Boiler
Bottom
ash(wet
ash)
Fly Ash
& Flue
Gases
Chimney
Economizer
Flue Gases
ESP
Fly ash
Ash Pond
Cylo
Cement
Steam Turbine
Dry and superheated steam from superheater
Alternator
Steam turbine is coupled to an alternator
Feed Water
The condensate from the condenser is used
Raw
Water
Conde
nser
Steam
Purified
DM
water
For
cooling
purpos
e
Cooling Arrangement
Condenser condenses the steam exhausted
Advantages of Steam PS
cheap.
(ii) Less initial cost as compared to
other generating stations.
(iii) It can be installed at any place
irrespective of the existence of coal.
The coal can be transported to the site
of the plant by rail or road.
(iv) It requires less space as compared
to the hydroelectric power station.
(v) The cost of generation is lesser
than that of the diesel power station
Disadvantages of Steam PS
(i) It pollutes the atmosphere
Efficiency: Definitions
Thermal Efficiency: The ratio of heat equivalent of
Example :1
A steam power station has an overall
Example :1
Solution: Let x kcal/kg be the calorific value of
fuel.
Heat produced by 06 kg of coal = 06 x kcal
Heat equivalent of 1 kWh = 860 kcal
overall =Electrical output in heat units/Heat
of combustion
or 02 = 860/0.6x
x =860/0. 6 0 .2
x = 716667 kcal/kg
Example :2
Question: A steam power station
Example :3
Question: A 100 MW steam station uses
coal of calorific value 6400 kcal/kg.
Thermal efficiency of the station is 30% and
electrical efficiency is 92%. Calculate the coal
consumption per hour when the station is
delivering its full rated output.
More
than
65%
of
India's
electricity
generation
capacity
comes from thermal power plants,
with about 85% of the country's
thermal power generation being
coal-based.
The 10 largest thermal power
stations operating in India are all
coal-fired, with seven of them
owned and operated by state-run
References
Principles of Power System- V.K. Mehta
A Course in Power Systems- J.B. Gupta
http://www.power-technology.com/(TOP 10