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Design of Equipment Foundations
Design of Equipment Foundations
FOUNDATIONS
WAQAS RIAZ
08-NOV-2007
INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENTS:
HORIZONTAL VESSELS
VERTICAL VESSELS
PACKAGE EQUIPMENTS
MACHINERY EQUIPMENTS
HORIZONTAL VESSELS:
General Overview
Foundation Type & Shape
Design Data
Loads Applied to Pedestal
HORIZONTAL VESSELS:
General Overview:-
Horizontal Vessels mainly Includes Heat Exchangers &
Drums. Foundation Type is similar for both of them.
A heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat from one
fluid to another while preventing the two from intermingling.
The three main types are
Shell & Tube HEs
Air-cooled HEs
Plate HEs
Ex Ex kWop
FE SE FE SE
Fb Fb Wb
FE SE FE SE
4. MOMENTS
Moment arm for moments
working on pedestal surfaces
due to horizontal forces
applied in axial and transverse
direction is h .
However, for bundle pulling
force, moment arm is the
hmax.
HORIZONTAL VESSELS:
Foundation Design:-
Data Sheet
PACKAGE EQUIPMENTS:
Package Equipments are the one in which only governing load is the DEAD
LOAD. No significant vibrations are imparted.
Foundations for Package Equipment are referred as SKID FOUNDATIONS.
Skid Foundations are only checked for the Stability.
Weight Check, rebar volume check and thickness check is not required for package
equipments.
MACHINERY EQUIPMENTS:
General Overview
Foundation Type & Shape
Static Design Loads
Static Design
MACHINERY EQUIPMENTS:
General Overview:-
Reciprocating Machinery
Machinery with reciprocating masses as major moving parts. This machinery
should be supported as close to grade elevation as possible directly on rigid block.
MACHINERY EQUIPMENTS:
General Overview:-
Rotating Machinery
Machinery with rotating masses as major parts. This machinery may be supported
on a rigid block or on an elevated structure.
MACHINERY EQUIPMENTS:
Foundation Type & Shape:-
1. Foundation Type
Foundations for these equipments are referred as Machine Foundations.
Reinforced Concrete Spread or Pile Foundations are recommended.
Machine Foundations are grouped as follows:
MACHINERY EQUIPMENTS:
Foundation Type & Shape:-
2. Foundation Shape
Block foundations should be rectangular.
Thickness of the rigid block for machinery shall not be less than:-
0.60 + L/30 where L (in meters) is the length or breadth.
Where two or more machines are on a common foundation, L shall be the
greater of :
The breadth of the common foundation.
Then length of the longest segment assigned to any one machine.
MACHINERY EQUIPMENTS:
Static Design Loads:-
Weight Check
For Reciprocating Machines:
Weight of Rigid Block should be 3 - 5 times the weight of Machine.
Weight of Pile Cap should be 2.5 4 times the weight of Machine.
For Rotating Machines:
Weight of Rigid Block should be 2 - 3 times the weight of Machine.
Weight of Pile Cap should be 1.5 2.5 times the weight of Machine.
Stability Check
Rigid block should be check against Soil Bearing, Sliding &
Overturning.
However, for spread footings 50% reduction in allowable soil pressure
should be considered.
MACHINERY EQUIPMENTS:
Static Design:-