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Agnatha Gnathostomata
Protochordates
- jawless vertebrates - jawed vertebrates
Hemichordata Myxini
Fishes
- acorn worms - hagfishes
Rajiformes Neopterygii
Thaliacea
- rays and skates - gars, bowfins
Dipnoi
Telostei - lungfishes
Cephalochordata Holocephalii - division
Telostei
- amphioxus - gill slits covered - a- modern
division
by opercululm ray-finned Tetrapods
- modernfishesray-
- chimaeras finned fishes - see next page
NOTES
1. Anthracosaurs – precursor to reptiles; direct line to amniotes Tetrapods
2. Diapsids- includes all living reptiles except turtles; has two subtaxa: Lepidosauria and Archosauria
Amniotes Anamniotes
Urodela
Palaeognathae - tailed amphibians
†Euryapsida Insectivora
- ratites Pholidota Rodentia
-loss of one Archosauria - shrews, moles, - squirrels, beavers,
- ostriches, emus - pangolins
temporal fossa - diapsids hedgehogs porcupines
- plesiosaurs and
fish-like reptiles Neognathae Xenarthra Chiroptera Carnivora canines, felines,
- carinates - armadillos, sloths - bats - terrestrial carnivores hyenas, bears, etc.
†Theocodontia †Ornithischia
Synapsida - stem archosaurs - bird-hipped
Tubulidentata Pinnipedia seals, sea lions,
- independently - Triceratops Primates walruses
- aardvark - aquatic carnivores
evolved one †Pterosauria
temporal fossa - winged reptiles Platyrrhini
- pterodactyls - Nostrils open Perissodactyla horses, tapirs,
Crocodilia rhinoceros
to the side - odd-toed ungulates
- crocodiles, Prosimii
alligators, Anthropoidea - lemurs , lorises,
†Therapsida †Saurischia tarsiers Suiformes: pigs,
caimans, Artiodactyla
- precursor to - reptile-hipped Catarrhini hippos, peccarines
gavials - even-toed ungulates
mammals - Tyrannosaurus - Nostrils open Tylopoda: camels,
downward and llamas
Ruminantia:
Lagomorpha Hyracoidea deers, giraffes,
- rabbits, hares, pika - hyraxes
pronghorn
antelopes, oxen,
Cetacea sheep, goats, true
Humans - whales, dolphins,
Proboscidea Sirenia antelopes, mouse
- elephants, mastodons - manatees, dugongs
porpoises deers (pilandok)