Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Inelastic Material Behavior: EGM 5653 Advanced Mechanics of Materials
Inelastic Material Behavior: EGM 5653 Advanced Mechanics of Materials
CHAPTER 4
EGM 5653
Advanced Mechanics of Materials
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-1
EGM 5653
Objectives
Nonlinear material behavior
Yield criteria
Yielding in ductile materials
Sections
4.1 Limitations of Uniaxial Stress- Strain data
4.2 Nonlinear Material Response
4.3 Yield Criteria : General Concepts
4.4 Yielding of Ductile Materials
4.5 Alternative Yield Criteria
4.6 General Yielding
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-2
EGM 5653
Introduction
When a material is elastic, it returns to the same state (at
macroscopic, microscopic and atomistic levels) upon removal of all
external load
Any material is not elastic can be assumed to be inelastic
E.g.. Viscoelastic, Viscoplastic, and plastic
To use the measured quantities like yield strength etc. we need
some criteria
The criterias are mathematical concepts motivated by strong
experimental observations
E.g. Ductile materials fail by shear stress on planes of maximum
shear stress
Brittle materials by direct tensile loading without much yielding
Other factors affecting material behavior
- Temperature
- Rate of loading
Namas Chandra
- Loading/ Unloading cycles
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-3
EGM 5653
Types of Loading
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-4
EGM 5653
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-6
EGM 5653
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-7
EGM 5653
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-8
EGM 5653
Contd..
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-9
EGM 5653
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-10
EGM 5653
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-11
EGM 5653
2c cos
YC
1 sin
f max 1 , 2 , 3 Y
Yield surface is:
1 Y
2 Y
3 Y
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-12
EGM 5653
f2 1 2 3 Y 0 or 2 1 3 Y
e max i j k
i j k
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-13
EGM 5653
f e2 Y 2
.
e 12 12 12 2 1 2 1 3 2 3
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-14
EGM 5653
Originally proposed by von Mises & is the most popular for ductile materials
Total strain energy density = SED due to volumetric change +SED due to distortion
2 3 2 2 3 3 1
2 2 2 2
U0 1 1
18 12G
1 2 2 3 3 1
2 2 2
UD
12G
6 3
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-16
EGM 5653
2
1
2
2 2
e 3 2
2
2
2 xx yy yy zz zz xx
xy yz xz
Definition of a π- plane
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-18
EGM 5653
Generally used for non ductile materials like rock, soil, concrete and
other anisotropic materials
2c cos
YT
1 sin
2c cos
YC
1 sin
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-19
EGM 5653
f I1 J2 K
2sin 6c cos
,K
3(3 sin ) 3(3 sin )
2sin 6c cos
,K
3(3 sin ) 3(3 sin )
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-20
EGM 5653
L( 23
2
322 ) M ( 132 312 ) N ( 122 21
2
) 1
1 1 1
2F 2 2 2
Z Y X
1 1 1
2G 2 2 2
Z X Y
1 1 1
2H 2 2 2
X Y Z
1 1 1
2 L 2 , 2M 2 , 2 N 2
S23 S13 S12
For an isotropic material
6F 6G 6H L M N
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-21
EGM 5653
General Yielding
PP Ybh PY
bh2
MP Y 1.5M Y
4
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-22
EGM 5653
or
yY h/2
M M EP 2 zz ydA 2Y ydA (e )
0 yY
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-23
EGM 5653
Ybh2 3 1 3 1
M EP 2 MY 2 (4.43)
6 2 2k 2 2k
where, M Y Ybh2 / 6
as k becomes large
3
M EP MY M P
2
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-24
EGM 5653
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-25
EGM 5653
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-27
EGM 5653
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-28
EGM 5653
2 2 2
Y
2
or 4 1
2 2 2 Y
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-29
EGM 5653
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-30
EGM 5653
Problem 4.24
4.24 A rectangular beam of width b and depth h is subjected to pure
bending with a moment M=1.25My. Subsequently, the moment is released.
Assume the plane sections normal to the neutral axis of the beam remain
plane during deformation.
a. Determine the radius of curvature of the beam under the applied bending
moment M=1.25My
b. Determine the distribution of residual bending stress after the applied
bending moment is released
Solution:
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-31
EGM 5653
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-32
EGM 5653
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-33
EGM 5653
Problem 4.40
Namas Chandra
Advanced Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4-34