FORMAT OF PROJECT

WRITE-UP
Project write-up must be
written double-spaced in
short bond paper (8’’x11”)
and follows the following
format:
 Title Page

 Shouldbriefly and accurately

describe the contents of the write-
up. Words must be carefully
chosen to impart right meaning.
 Design, Fabrication, and Testing of a Low-Cost
Improvised Submersible Visual Probe for Underwater
Reconnaissance

An Investigatory Project
Submitted as Entry to the
2nd National Integrated Science Competition

By:
Dyrell Charvin Kenn A. Canono
Jerric John A. Castillo
Ronniel Gian P. Diwa

Proponents of
Bataan Christian School
Panilao, Pilar Bataan

Under the Guidance of

Mr. Charies N. Dela Peña
Adviser

October 2013
Feasibility of MEFRINCO (Multifunctional Eco-Friendly
Insulator Covering)
as Alternative Material for Tent Cover

An Investigatory Project
Submitted as Entry to the
2009-2010 National Intel Philippine Science Fair

by
Jeremiah Reuel A. Ramos
Abryn Jeuness R. Luna
Jeanny A. Muñoz

Proponents of

Bataan Christian School

Panilao, Pilar Bataan

Under the Guidance of

Mr. Charies N. Dela Peña

Adviser

February 2010
Potential Application of Biodiesel from Used Vegetable Oil
as Polystyrene Foam (Styrofoam) Recycler for
Classroom Instructional Material

An Investigatory Project
Submitted as Entry to the
2012-2013 Regional DepEd Science and Technology Fair

By
Jeremiah Reuel A. Ramos

Proponent of
Bataan Christian School
Panilao, Pilar, Bataan

Under the Guidance of

Mr.Charies N. Dela Pena

Adviser

October 2012
Electric Potential of R.B.C. (Reused Busted Compact
Fluorescent Bulb) as Household Emergency Light

An Investigatory Project
Submitted as Entry to the
2012-2013 Division Intel Philippine Science Fair

by
Patrick Joseph I. Escaler
Jeric Patrick V. Uy
Patricia Anne Luna

Proponents

of

Bataan Christian School

Panilao, Pilar Bataan

Under the Guidance of

Mr. Charies N. Dela Peña
Adviser

September 2012
Feasibility of Rainwater and Igneous Rocks with Sodium
Chloride as Alternative Source of Electricity

An Investigatory Project Submitted as Entry to the

2009-2010 Division Intel Philippine Science Fair

by
Lorenz Rael D. Cruz
Danah Ruth A. Cahanap
Shane Louise V. Agustin

Proponents
of
Bataan Christian School
Panilao, Pilar Bataan

Under the Guidance of

Mr. Charies N. Dela Peña
Adviser

October 2009
 Abstract

 Should consist of short, concise

descriptions of the problems and its
solution. It must be one page only with a
maximum of 250 words. It must also state
the following:

a. Purpose
b. Procedure used
c. Results
d. Conclusions
 IPSF OFFICIAL ABSTRACT FORM

TITLE: Design, Fabrication, and Testing of a Low-Cost Improvised Submersible

Visual Probe for Underwater Reconnaissance
Name: Dyrell Charvin Kenn A. Canono, Jerric John A. Castillo, Ronniel Gian P. Diwa
Adress: Pilar, Bataan, Pilar, Bataan, Pilar, Bataan Category
Pick one only-
School: mark an ŅXÓin

The experimental product, Mk. I, is a submersible probe made from

cheap web camera, plastic container, USB cables and PS2 controller. The Biochemistry
product can potentially help underwater observations by divers and marine Botany
biologists without unnecessary expenditure of money.
Chemistry
The web camera was inserted inside a plastic container and was made
Computer Science
waterproof using teflon tape, rubber gasket, water sealant and duct tape. The
researchers attached two propellers on the side and one main propeller Earth and Space
Sciences
underneath the product’s body. Automotive copper wires were utilized to
Engineering
connect the experimental product into the motorcycle battery. Also, the
switches were fastened to the wrecked PS2 controller for the products’ Environmental
Science
locomotion and search light.
Mathematics
To test the product, the researchers submerged the probe under different
water conditions. The subject captured using the web camera was visible when Medicine and
Health
there is enough sunlight outside the environment. This is shown
Microbiology
notwithstanding the clearness of the water as the set-ups happen in an
aquarium with 25 cm interval, under a 300 m2 fish pond, and in an 8m x 6m x Physics

1.2m swimming pool. Despite the use of the built-in halogen light in the Zoology

product, it was not able to recognize any object under pitch black water. Gerontology
In terms of economic value, the product is cheaper by a 98.9% margin
with available materials than the commercial ones. Based from the points
raised, the research was found successful.

1. As a part of this research project, the student directly handled, manipulated, or interacted with (check ALL that
apply):
human subjects pathogenic agents recombinant DNA
nonhuman vertebrate animal controlled substances human/animal tissues

2. Student independently performed all procedures as outlined in this abstract. Yes No

3. This project was conducted at a Registered Research Institution. Yes No

4. Is this project a continuation? Yes No

I/We hereby certify that the above statements are correct and the information provided in the Abstract is the result of
one yearÕs research. I/We also attest that the above properly reflects my/our own work.

______________________________________ _____________________
Signature of Individual Finalist or Team Leader Date Signed
 IPSF OFFICIAL ABSTRACT FORM

TITLE:
TITLE: Feasibility of MEFRINCO (Multifunctional Eco-Friendly Insulator
Covering) As Alternative Material for Tent
Name:
Name: Jeremiah Reuel A. Ramos, Abryn Jeuness R. Luna, Jeanny A. Muñoz
Adress: Category
Address: Pilar, Bataan, Orion, Bataan, Pilar, Bataan Pick one only- ii
School: mark an ŅXÓin
School: Bataan Christian School

ABSTRACT
Biochemistry
The Multifunctional Eco-friendly Insulator Covering, MEFRINCO, is an Botany
improvised insulating sheet made of air-filled plastics, used newspapers, and plastic
Chemistry
juice pouches intended for making tent cover .
Computer Science
This product was devised to reduce the number of wastes and protect people
and things from the ill-effects of global warming. Earth and Space
Sciences
In making MEFRINCO, the length and width of a certain tent (97x76x110 cm
with 7 sides) were taken. Based from these measures, large three-ply sheets of Engineering
newspapers and single-ply sheets of air-filled plastics were made by taping the edges of Environmental
newspapers and small air-filled plastics together, respectively. Approximately 1,000 Science

pcs of plastic juice pouches were then laid flat, washed, dried and stitched together Mathematics
into pairs of large sheets. Each of which was glued on a large newspaper sheet and Medicine and
afterwards, stitched together with the sheet of air-filled plastics in between using a Health
sewing machine. This process was repeated until seven pieces of sheets were made. Microbiology
Finally, their edges were sewn and piped with used tablecloth to form a tent cover.
Physics
To test MEFRINCO’s feasibility, two set-ups were used; Set-up X (MEFRINCO
Tent) and Set-up Y (Commercial Tent). Both of them were exposed under the sun Zoology
within the same period of exposure. A thermometer was placed inside each tent to Gerontology
measure temperature differences. By sensory evaluation, cleanliness, and availability of
materials used were also assessed.

1. As a part of this research project, the student directly handled, manipulated, or interacted with (check ALL that
apply):
human subjects pathogenic agents recombinant DNA
nonhuman vertebrate animal controlled substances human/animal tissues

2. Student independently performed all procedures as outlined in this abstract. Yes No

3. This project was conducted at a Registered Research Institution. Yes No

4. Is this project a continuation? Yes No

I/We hereby certify that the above statements are correct and the information provided in the Abstract is the result of
one yearÕs research. I/We also attest that the above properly reflects my/our own work.

______________________________________ _____________________
Signature of Individual Finalist or Team Leader Date Signed
 IPSF OFFICIAL ABSTRACT FORM

TITLE:
TITLE: Potential Application of Biodiesel from Used Vegetable Oil as
PolystyreneFoam (Styrofoam) Recycler for Classroom Instructional Material
Name:
Adress:
Name: Jeremiah ReuelApolinario Ramos Category
Address: Panilao, Pilar, Bataan Pick one only-
School:
School: Bataan Christian School mark an ŅXÓin

ABSTRACT
The experimental product produced by the researcher is a biodiesel made from used Biochemistry
vegetable oil, methanol and sodium hydroxide that can potentially help the nation’s
Botany
problem of improper waste disposal through the process of recycling.
Chemistry
In the production of biodiesel, 3.5 g of sodium hydroxide was mixed
with 200 mL of methanol to produce a solution of sodium methoxide. To dissolve Computer Science
sodium hydroxide, the researcher mixed the solution carefully. A blender was then used Earth and Space
by the researcher to combine the sodium methoxide and filtered used vegetable oil. The Sciences
lowest setting in the blender was utilized for 20 minutes, and then it was set aside for 8 Engineering
hours. The glycerine was separated from the biodiesel produced.
Environmental
To test the product’s applicability, three experiments were designed. Science
First experiment was divided into two. Trial 1 was devised to have an idea if it can Mathematics
recycle Polystyrene Foam. Trial 2 was developed to compare biodiesel from
Medicine and
commercial diesel in terms of their applicability to recycle the said material. A second Health
experiment was made to compare the efficiency of each substance – biodiesel, diesel,
Microbiology
reused biodiesel and ethyl alcohol. Third experiment was designed to look for possible
applications of the reused Polystyrene Foam. Physics

Results showed that the biodiesel was applicable to be used as a recycler Zoology
of Polystyrene Foam products. It is also tested that both biodiesel and reused biodiesel Gerontology
were efficient. For the recycled Polystyrene Foam, the researcher was able to find other
applications that may be used as classroom instructional materials.

1. As a part of this research project, the student directly handled, manipulated, or interacted with (check ALL that
apply):
human subjects pathogenic agents recombinant DNA
nonhuman vertebrate animal controlled substances human/animal tissues

2. Student independently performed all procedures as outlined in this abstract. Yes No

3. This project was conducted at a Registered Research Institution. Yes No

4. Is this project a continuation? Yes No

I/We hereby certify that the above statements are correct and the information provided in the Abstract is the result of
one yearÕs research. I/We also attest that the above properly reflects my/our own work.

______________________________________ _____________________
Signature of Individual Finalist or Team Leader Date Signed
 IPSF OFFICIAL ABSTRACT FORM

TITLE
TITLE:
Name:
Address:
Name:
School:
Adress: Category
Pick one only-
School: mark an ŅiiXÓin
ABSTRACT

Biochemistry

Botany

Chemistry

Computer Science

Earth and Space

Sciences

Engineering

Environmental
Science

Mathematics

Medicine and
Health

Microbiology

Physics

Zoology

Gerontology

1. As a part of this research project, the student directly handled, manipulated, or interacted with (check ALL that
apply):
human subjects pathogenic agents recombinant DNA
nonhuman vertebrate animal controlled substances human/animal tissues

2. Student independently performed all procedures as outlined in this abstract. Yes No

3. This project was conducted at a Registered Research Institution. Yes No

4. Is this project a continuation? Yes No

I/We hereby certify that the above statements are correct and the information provided in the Abstract is the result of
one yearÕs research. I/We also attest that the above properly reflects my/our own work.

______________________________________ ii _____________________
Signature of Individual Finalist or Team Leader Date Signed
 Acknowledgement

 Containsthe names of people

and agencies that helped in the
conduct of the work described.
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The researchers would like to give their deepest gratitude to these people
who guide, support, and encourage them to fulfill this Science
Investigatory Project.

To Mr. Charies N. Dela Peña, for his dedication in carrying-out this

research proposal and for his valuable support as a Research Adviser;

To Mrs. Nenita A. Apolinario, Bataan Christian School’s administrator, for

her encouragement;

To Mrs. Armie Fabregas, BCS school principal, for her assistance in

pooling human resources;

To Dan Charles Jermaine A. Canono, a BS Mechanical Engineering

Student in MAPUA Institute of Technology, for his philanthropic ideas and
technical support in making this science project a success;
To Dwindle Craezon A. Canono, for his technical inputs and financial
support, and for teaching us how to deal with the huge hindrances we
encounter;
To Marielle S. Clarin and Jeremiah Reuel A. Ramos for their undying
support and enthusiasm in helping to make this project a success;
To Mr. Jyle Cabritit, for giving the researchers a place to test the product;
To Mrs. Prescy Buan, for lending the school library in making the write-
ups;
To the researchers’ family, for supporting them in facing all the challenges
that the researchers have encountered;
To our Almighty God who never cease to encourage us throughout this
assigned responsibility. He never fails to help us in times of difficulties.

The Researchers
 Table of Contents

 Lists the different parts of the

whole report with the
corresponding page number of
each part. The wording and
grammar of the chapter titles,
heading and title of tables and
figures should be consistent.
Table of Contents

Title Page ………………………………………………………………………… i

Abstract ……………………………………………………………………………ii

Acknowledgment …………………………………………………………………iii

Table of Contents …………………………………………………………………iv

Introduction ………………………………………………………………………1

Background of the Study

Statement of the Problem

Significance of the Study

Scope and Limitations

Review of Related Literature

Methodology ………………………………………………………………………7

Materials/Equipments

General Procedures/Treatments

Conceptual Paradigm

Results and Discussions……………………………………………………………9

Conclusion………………………………………………………………………….12

Recommendation……………………………………………………………………13

References…………………………………………………………………………..14
 Introduction

 Informs the reader of the problem under study. It shows the

nature of scope and the problem, its historical and theoretical
background and review of literature relevant to the problem.
• Background of the Study – states the rationale of the study. It
explains briefly why the investigator chose this study to
work on.
• Statement of Problem/Objectives – the nature and scope of
the problem should be presented with clarity. Two types of
objectives may be stated:

1. General Objective – this is related to the problem as given

in the early part of the section.
2. Specific Objective – this states the purpose of each
experiment conducted or of each set of observations/date
made/obtained.
• Significance of the Study – the importance
of the study is explained in this part.
• Scope and Limitations – states the coverage
and extent of the study.
• Review of Related Literature – sufficient
background information should be
presented for readers to understand and
evaluate the results of the present study.
Only the most important studies and
theories written on the topic should be
included.
 INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study

Nowadays, there are many underwater activities that

divers should observe. One of these activities is observing
and monitoring underwater creatures such as fishes, coral
reefs and other aquatic resources. Marine divers in particular,
use self contained underwater breathing apparatus to breathe
and perform task underwater.
In the year 2013, Filipino divers have hard time
measuring the damages caused by a US shipping vessel in
Tubbataha Reef Natural Park. Due to the lack of equipment,
these underwater activities pose great danger to the divers.
Based on man hours, diving was 96 times more
dangerous than driving an automobile. By analysis, these
hazards and dangers can limit through the use of aquatic
equipment like a submersible surveillance camera or probe
which can help the divers in observing underwater activities.
Up to now, commercially-produced submersible
surveillance probes are usually expensive. Therefore, the
researchers made an improvised submersible surveillance
probe made up of cheap web camera, DC motor, CPU fans,
halogen light and motorcycle battery and other discarded
materials like plastic container, cans, used PC controller and
marbles that are less expensive, practical and useful to the
divers when undergoing underwater activities.
Statement of the Problem
This research study primarily focused on
the feasibility of a Low-cost Submersible Visual
Probe for underwater activities.
Specifically, the study sought answers to the
following questions:
•Can the use of cheap web camera, DC motor,
halogen light, CPU fans, plastic container, cans,
wrecked PS2 controller, marbles and a motorcycle
battery feasible to be used in the production of a
low-cost improvised submersible visual probe for
underwater activities?
•How may Mk. I submersible probe be described
in terms of:
1.availability of materials
2.pressure it could take underwater
3.quality of its view under clear water
4.quality of its view under murky water
1.daylight
2.night time
•Does a significant difference exist between the
experimental product, Mk. I and the industrial-
used product in terms of economic value?
 Significance of the Study
Over the years, many marine researchers have died due to risk
engagement in underwater activities involving limitations in
pressure. Pressure, especially in the deeper part of the ocean, is one
of the main problems of the marine researchers in observing
underwater activities.
Other difficulties in underwater operations are strong ocean
currents and rocky shorelines. These problems can affect not only
the time of monitoring underwater incidents, but it can also affect
the safety of the diver.
The researchers, however, have made a product that gives aid
to these problems. That is, the utilization of basic equipments such
as cheap web camera, DC motor, halogen light, CPU fans, plastic
container, cans, wrecked PS2 controller, marbles and a motorcycle
battery for a low-cost improvised submersible visual probe.
The study is important especially to the following consumers:
To the community – This study will help the community,
especially marine life researchers, to make their work easier and
more efficient. It will also inform the community about the potential
of a simple web camera to be a surveillance probe for underwater
activities.
To the Environment- this study would be of great advantage
to the environment for it is made of discarded materials that can be
found anywhere else. This also lessens the garbage around that
destroys the nature and the ecosystem.
To the students – This study will give students an idea about
other uses of a simple web camera. It will also serve as the stepping
stone to create a better product that can help the community.
To the researchers – The findings of this study can be used as
reference for future researchers. And it will make them more
responsive to the problems of their school, community, and nation,
and thereby making those young heroes of today.
 Scope and Delimitation of the Study

The focus of this study is to test the feasibility of Mk. I

as an improvised instrument that will serve as submersible
surveillance probe for underwater observations using cheap
web camera, DC motor, halogen light, CPU fans, plastic
container, cans, wrecked PS2 controller, marbles and a
motorcycle battery.
In consideration of the questions the researchers
raised, and to test the potential of Mk. I in a simpler
manner, this research is only delimited to the amount of
pressure underwater with a maximum depth of 5 feet with
respect to the length of the USB cable wire used.
The visual probe can gather pictures and videos only.
Audio and other forms of data were not considered by the
researchers. The success of the research would be
determined by the ability of the product to gather the
intended data.
The mode of data transmission, including the
controls for the movement of the probe, would make use of
cables instead of wireless signals. Universal Serial Bus
(USB) is used for the camera; automotive electrical cables
are used for the control and power transmission to the
motors.
Review of Related Literature

As references and data in confirming the researchers’

hypotheses, the following informations were gathered and
considered in this study.
Scuba Diving
Scuba diving is a form of underwater diving in which a
diver uses a self-contained underwater breathing
apparatus to breathe underwater. Unlike other modes of
diving, which rely either on breath-hold or on air pumped
from the surface, scuba divers carry their own source of
breathing gas, (usually compressed air), allowing them
greater freedom of movement than with an air-line or diver's
umbilical and longer underwater endurance than breath-hold.
Scuba equipment may be open circuit, in which exhaled gas
is exhausted to the surroundings, or closed or semi-closed
circuit, in which the breathing gas is scrubbed to
remove carbon dioxide, and the oxygen used is replenished
from a supply of feed gas before being re-breathed.
A scuba diver usually moves around underwater by
using swim fins attached to the feet, but external propulsion
can be provided by a diver propulsion vehicle, or a sled
pulled from the surface.
Hazards of Diving into the Water
Divers face specific physical and health risks when
they go underwater with scuba or other diving equipment, or
use high pressure breathing gas. Some of these factors also
affect people who work in raised pressure environments out
of water, for example in caissons.
Methodology

 Provides enough detail so that a competent

worker can repeat the experiments. Careful
writing is critically important because the
research results is to be of scientific merit. It
must be productive.

• Materials/Equipment – the exact technical

specifications, quantities and source of method of
preparation for al materials used should be given.
Specifically built equipment used in the study must be
described.
• Treatment/General Procedure – the manner and
sequence by which each experiment or set of
observations were done and how measurements were
obtained should be described in detail. Avoid using the
“recipe style” when stating the step-by-step procedure.
Use narrative form in the past tense.
 Methodology

A. Materials and Equipments

In making this product, the researchers prepared the following
materials: water sealant, plastic container, halogen lamp, web camera,
one (1) 1.5 meter USB cable, positive and negative automotive electrical
wires, three (3) DC Motors (12 volts), motorcycle battery (12 volts), three
(3) CPU fans and pinion gears, circular glass gathered from an old
flashlight, motorcycle light, wrecked PS2 controller, male and female
disconnect, automotive fuse (5A), crocodile clip, shrink tube, spiral wrap,
one (1) three-way toggle switch, two (2) directional switches, two (2) on-
off toggle switches, petroleum jelly, glue, super glue, duct tape, electrical
tape, three (3) packs of marbles, aluminum cans and reinforcing steel.
The researchers also used glue gun and glue stick, scissors, cutters and
pliers.

Materials Quantity
Cheap Web Camera 1 pc.
Motorcycle Battery (12 volts) 1 pc.
Halogen Lamp 1 pc.
DC Motor 3 pc.
1.5 meter USB cable 1 pc.
CPU Fans 3 pcs.
Directional switches 2 pcs.
Three-way Switch 1 pc.
Male and Female Disconnect 1 pack each
Shrink Tube 1 Meter
Pinion Gears 3 pcs.
On/off Toggle Switches 2 pcs
Crocodile Clips 2pcs.
Wrecked PS2 Controller 1 pc.
Spiral wrap 2 meters
 METHODOLOGY

General Fabrication Procedures

In making this project, the researchers used all the materials
specified above. The web camera will document the activities
underwater. Then, a cylindrical plastic container was utilized as the
house of the camera. A circular glass from a hoary flashlight was
attached on the part of cylindrical container so that the lens of the
camera can record the activities underwater. Using steel scissors, the
researchers cut out the exoskeleton of the probe from the aluminum cans
and covered it with duct tape to avoid unnecessary wounds. The
exoskeleton is used as the chief holder of the DC motors and the
motorcycle light. The DC motors were used as the movement
mechanism of the probe.
Afterwards, the researchers sealed the DC motors by applying water
sealant, glue stick, and petroleum jelly all over the DC motors’ body.
The researchers attached the DC motors into the exoskeleton of the
probe. Then, the researchers covered the motorcycle light using the
same process of sealing the DC motors. To fasten the light on the top of
the probe, the researchers used glue stick and duct tape. The researchers
positioned the spam containers under the probe to be used as a stand to
balance the probe. The researchers put marbles inside the body of the
probe and reinforcing steel beside the spam containers so that it will
submerge underwater. Then, the researchers pierced the plastic container
so that the wire of the web camera could pass through it. The researchers
reconstruct the controller by putting together the switches. The
controller is used to operate the CPU fans and pinion gears which will
manipulate the probe’s movement. After all of those processes, the
researchers connected the wires on a parallel circuit using male and
female disconnect. Also, the researchers made use of shrink tubes and
electrical tape to secure the connections. Then, at the end of the wire, the
researchers attached a fuse and two crocodile
 Testing
Testing aims to verify that the product is functional in terms of
video and picture transmission, movement, and if it is waterproof. A
series of underwater observation using the submersible probe verifies
the overall functionality of the product.
Visual data quality is judged based on the clearness of the image.
The quality would be limited by the maximum performance of the
webcam. So long as the image is intelligible, it would be considered a
success. The movement is judge based on its ability to change the
orientation of the product, to look around its surroundings. The product
must be able to rotate itself underwater. To ensure its reliability, water
must be kept from the sensitive component inside, especially the
camera.
Buoyancy of the Product
To effectively navigate underwater, the buoyant forces on it
must be minimal in all direction. The overall specific gravity must be
near that of water. The product’s buoyancy can be determined using the
following formula:

Mass Density of the Product

DOCUMENTATION

Materials and Equipment:

The researchers gathered all of these materials in fabricating the probe.

Testing:

The researchers set up the probe and other equipment for testing underwater.
Finalizing:

In finalizing the product, the researchers sealed the whole body of the product with water sealant, electrical tape, duct tape
and glue gun. Also, they attached reinforcing steel beside the two stands and put three packs of marbles inside the
probe’s body.
Result and Discussion

 This may be divided into sub-sections

describing each set of experiment or
observations.

 Findings – the data may be presented in full

and discussed descriptively in the text or
these may be summarized in tables, pictures
and graphs. The statistical test used to
determine the possible significance of the
findings should be described. Tables, pictures
and graphs should make the presentation of
the data more meaningful.
 Analysis of Data – the interpretation of the
findings is discussed and the significant
features shown in the table, figures or graphs
are pointed out.
The researchers successfully made Mk. I as an improvised
submersible surveillance probe for underwater activities. As the
researchers tested the potential of Mk. I, significant results were
observed as indicated by TABLE 1. This testing was done
through the use of washing machine with water, which is as
dense as the product, and through keen observation.
Hypotheses:
In account of the observed results, the following
hypotheses were formulated and tested.
Ha: The parts of Mk. I are feasible to use underwater.
Ha: The experimental product uses materials that are readily
available.
Ha: Mk. I can take the absolute pressure exerted on it under the
depth of 5 feet (1.52 meters).
Ha: The images captured by the probe under clear water are of
good quality.
Ha: The probe is able to display photos captured during daylight
that are usable for marine observations and underwater
exploration considering its blurry water environment.
Ha: The probe is able to display photos captured during the night
that are usable for marine observations and underwater
exploration considering its blurry water environment.
Ha: There is a significant difference between the experimental
product, Mk. I, and the industrial-used ones in terms of economic
value.
Ho : The parts of Mk. I are not feasible to use underwater.

Ho: The experimental product does not use materials that are
readily available.

Ho: Mk. I cannot take the absolute pressure exerted on it under

the depth of 5 feet (1.52 meters).

Ho: The images captured by the probe under clear water are of
good quality.

Ho: The probe is not able to display photos captured during

daylight that are usable for marine observations and
underwater exploration considering its blurry water
environment.

Ho: The probe is not able to display photos captured during the
night that are usable for marine observations and underwater
exploration considering its blurry water environment.

Ho: There is no significant difference between the

experimental product, Mk. I and the industrial-used ones in
terms of economic value
TABLE 1: The Effectiveness of Different Parts of Mk. I as
Tested Under Water
It is apparent in the table above that all CPU Fans of the
product are working in controlling the sideward and
upward movement of the Mk. I underwater. The halogen
light, which serves as an underwater light, and the cheap
web camera are also working when using on the water.
With the above information, the researchers accepted the
first alternative hypothesis.

Components Performance Test Results

Main Propeller Working

Right and Left Steering Propellers Working

Halogen Light Working

Web Camera Working

DC Motors Working
Table 2.2: Amount of Pressure Underwater in a Given Depth
PABSOLUTE = PATMOSPHERE + PLIQUID
Where:
PATMOSPHERE = 1.013 x 105 Pa
PLIQUID = (1000 kg/m3) x (9.8 m.s2) x height
Using the given formula above, the researchers
computed the absolute pressure of the probe underwater. The
calculations showed that the experimental product can withstand
an absolute pressure of approximately 116 kPa. However, in
consideration with the limitations previously raised by the
researchers, the maximum absolute pressure the submersible
probe can handle is unknown due to the inadequate length of the
USB cable. Despite the minor restriction of the USB cable, the
third alternative hypothesis is accepted.

Depth (meter) Absolute Pressure (kilopascal)

0.30 104.24

0.61 107.28

0.91 110.22

1.22 113.26

1.52 116.17
 Table 4: Comparison of Mk. I and Industrialized
Submersible Probe in Terms of Economy

Kind of Cost Difference in the Cost of Product

Treatment Based on Mk. I’s Price

Industrialized Controlled Php. 430,000

Submersible Probe
Php. 428, 700

Mk. I Experimental Php. 1,300

Submersible Probe
Conclusions

 The general truth implied

or illustrated by the results
should be clearly stated.
The evidence based on the
results should be
summarized for each
statement.
 Conclusions
After undergoing definite sets of principle and gathering the
observed data, the researchers arrived at the following
conclusions:
•The experimental product is feasible to be used underwater
with few limitations encountered. It can effectively see
around its surroundings and transmit data to the observer
through the use of a laptop.
•Images can be clearly captured and is suitable for
underwater observation for the following types of condition:
•Clear water with sunlight
•Clear water and dim environment with little or no sunlight
•Cloudy water with sunlight
•The materials are readily available in the market, most of
which can come from recycled products.
•The product has little differences with the conventional
alternative in terms of performance but it is significantly less
expensive. The design is different but the functionality has
been retained
Recommendations

 Thisconsists of suggestions
on future actions such as new
direction of research or
further experiments to be
performed, practices that
might be adapted or discarded
in order to attain certain goals
or objectives.
 Recommendation

In consideration of the derived conclusion, the

following recommendations were made by the
researcher:
•Due to the limited depth that the product can
prolong, the use of a longer and authentic USB
cable wires for an extension of the range of the
product during underwater operations is
recommended.
•Since the halogen light does not make any
significant improvement at night and cloudy water
from not using it, the researchers recommend the
replacement of the part into a bigger and brighter
light.
•In solving the difficulty of sinking the product for
underwater operations, it is recommended that you
use a smaller body so that it would have less air
and it would then be submerged under water easily.
•Make further study for potential improvements of
the project.
Bibliography

 A listof the references

used in guiding the
research work and writing
the paper.
 REFERENCES

Compilation of Lectures and Exercises in Elementary

Statistics, Bataan Polytechnic State College, Balanga, Bataan

Food Additives and Preservation: Second Edition, UP

Science Education Center, University of the Philippines
Press,1971.

Hooper, D., Useful Plants and drugs of Iran and iraq. Field
Museum of National History (Bot.Series)

Quisubing, Eduardo; Medicinal Plants of the Phillipines

.Katha Publishing Co.Inc. 1978

The Plant Structure: 1989: The Plant World: The World Book
Encyclopedia of Science World Book Inc, pp 16-17

http:// cnawater.com/what is coliforms E.coli.html

http:maybahay.blogspot.com/2007/10/lasang-pinoy-21-
atsara.html

http://www.btinternet.com/~stephen.durr/enteromorpha.html
 References

Science and Technology IV Physics Textbook

Webster Dictionary of the English Language

Navaza Delia Cordero and Valdez Bienvinido Jr.

Physics You and the Natural World Series, Phoenix

Publishing House, Inc. Quezon Avenue, Quezon City

Science Research Process Handbook, Intel-

Department of Science and Technology – Science
Education Institute

Biology Textbook

http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/ift-omf.html

www.intelsciencefair.com