Bonifacio l.

Giangan Jr
 The Ellipse
An ellipse is the set of all points in a plane whose distances
from two fixed points in the plane, the foci, is constant.

The line through the foci is called

the focal or major axis

Minor Axis
Major Axis

Focus 1 Focus 2

Point
PF1 + PF2 = constant
When the circle is wider than it is taller this is called a
horizontal shape.
When the circle is taller than it is wider is called a vertical
shape.
The Standard Forms of the Equation of the Ellipse [cont’d]

The standard form of an ellipse centred at any point (h, k)

with the major axis of length 2a parallel to the x-axis and
a minor axis of length 2b parallel to the y-axis, is:

(x  h) (y  k)
2 2

2  2 1
a b
(h, k)
The Standard Forms of the Equation of the Ellipse [cont’d]
The standard form of an ellipse centred at any point (h, k)
with the major axis of length 2a parallel to the y-axis and
a minor axis of length 2b parallel to the x-axis, is:

(x  h) (y  k)
2 2

2  2 1
b a

(h, k)
(x  h)2
(y  k) 2
(x  h) (y  k)
2 2

2  2 1 2  2 1
a b b a
If the principal axis is If the principal axis is
horizontal Vertical
 The Pythagorean Property

b a
a2 = b2 + c2
F1(-c, 0)
c F (c, 0)
2
 Steps
1. Write the equation in standard form
2. A-b-c and squared placement (Vertical or
Horizontal)
3. Find a, b, & c
4. Find the answer
 Finding the Center, Vertices, and Foci
State the coordinates of the vertices, the coordinates of the foci,
and the lengths of the major and minor axes of the ellipse,
defined by each equation.
x y
2 2

a)  1
16 9
b) 4x2 + 9y2 = 36

c) 9x2 + 4y2 +36x-24y+36= 36

 Covertex 1

Vertex 1 Vertex 2

Focus 1 Center Focus 2

Covertex 2
 Steps
1. Plot
2. Find a & b
3. (Vertical or Horizontal)
4. substitute
 Finding the Equation of the Ellipse With Centre at (0, 0)
a) Find the equation of the ellipse with centre at (0, 0),
foci at (5, 0) and (-5, 0), a major axis of length 16 units,
and a minor axis of length 8 units.
b) The major axis is parallel to the x-axis and
has a length of 12 units. The minor axis is parallel to the
y-axis and has a length of 6 units. The centre is at (-3, 2).
c) Find the (standard) equation of the ellipse whose foci are
F1(-3, 0) and F2(3, 0), such that for any point on it, the
sum of its distances from the foci is 10.
d) Find the equation in standard form of the ellipse whose foci
are F1(-8; 0) and F2(8; 0), such that for any point on it, the
sum of its distances from the foci is 20.
e) An ellipse has vertices (2 − 𝟔𝟏, −5) and (2 + 𝟔𝟏, -5), and
its minor axis is 12 units long. Find its standard equation and its
foci.