Water Demand

Engr. Wajhat ALi

 Design Flow
• The discharge required for an area is known as design flow. It is classify
according to
• Domestic use
• Commercial Use
• Industrial Use
• Public Use
• Losses
 Domestic demand
• This includes the water required in private building for drinking ,bathing,
gardening, sanitary purpose, etc.
• 44% water is needed for domestic use
• Flushing Toilet, Washing Bathing, Kitchen use, Gardening, Drinking etc
• As per IS : 75-380 l/c/d
 Public demand
• It represents the water demand for public utility purpose.
• like washing of public parks
• Washing on roads
• 20 l/c/d
 Commercial demand
• Water requirement for institutions , hotels , schools, colleges, offices.
• As per IS : 20 l/c/d (for normal commercial area)
• 50 l/c/d (highly commercial area)
 Industrial demand
• It represents the water demand of industries which are earlier existing or are
likely to be started in future.
• As per IS : 50 l/c/d (for normal industries )
• 450 l/c/d (industrial cities)
 Fire demand
• In populated or industrial area fires generally breakout and may lead to
serious problem. For control that situation require sufficient quantity
water that is called fire demand.
 Losses and Wastes
• The water which is lost due to leakage,
• unauthorized connections,
 Water requirement for different uses

• Domestic demand 135 l/c/d

• Public demand 20 l/c/d
• Industrial demand 50 l/c/d
• Commercial demand 20 l/c/d
• Fire demand 15 l/c/d
• Loss and waste 50 l/c/d
• 270 l/c/d