TYPES OF

SPEECH
CONTEXT
THREE TYPES OF SPEECH or
COMMUNICATION CONTEXT

1 Intrapersonal Communication

2 Interpersonal Communication

3 Public communication
1 Intrapersonal Communication

 Takes place
within a single
person, often for
the purpose of
clarifying ideas or
analyzing situation.
 1 Intrapersonal Communication
 It paves the way
for one to reflect
upon or
appreciate
something.
 It means talking
to oneself or “self-
talk”
2 Forms of Self-talk

 Solo Vocal Communication

 Solo Written Communication
2 Forms of Self-talk

 Solo Vocal Communication –

speaking aloud to oneself. This may
be done to clarify thinking, to
rehearse a message intended for
others.
2 Forms of Self-talk

 Solo Written Communication –

deals with writing intended for
private reading only.
3 Aspects of Intrapersonal
Communication
 Self-concept
Perception
 Expectation
 SELF-CONCEPT
 pertains to how a person sees
himself/herself and is more driven
toward others.
 Also known as SELF AWARENESS,
comes to play with 3 essential
factors: BELIEFS, VALUES and
ATTITUDES
 SELF-CONCEPT
 BELIEF – one’s worldview or
principles; constitutes the basic
personal orientation of what is true or
false, good or bad.
 SELF-CONCEPT
 VALUES – spring from one’s beliefs
as these refers to one’s ideals.
 ATTITUDES – one’s emotion-laden
disposition toward a particular topic
or situation.
 PERCEPTION
 Focuses on the outward;
Perception of the external world is
rooted in beliefs and is bridged by
one’s self-concept
 EXPECTATION
 Refers to future outlooks which are
usually driven by previous
experiences with others at a personal
or professional level.
 2 Interpersonal Communication

 Transpires
between two or
more individuals
exchanging ideas
and feelings.
Four Principles of Interpersonal
Communication
 Interpersonal communication is
INESCAPABLE.
-We will constantly communicate.
Four Principles of Interpersonal
Communication
 Interpersonal communication is
IRREVERSIBLE.
-You cannot really take back
something once it has been said.
Four Principles of Interpersonal
Communication
 Interpersonal communication is
COMPLICATED.
-No form of communication is
simple.
Four Principles of Interpersonal
Communication
 Interpersonal communication is
CONTEXTUAL.
-Communication does not
happen in isolation.
-There are contexts.
 Interpersonal communication is
CONTEXTUAL.
•Psychological- who you are and
what you bring to the interaction.
•Relational- concerns your reactions
to the other person.
•Situational- deals with the
psychosocial (where) you are
communicating.
 Interpersonal communication is
CONTEXTUAL.
•Environmental- deals with the
physical where you are
communicating.
•Cultural- includes all the learned
behaviors and rules that affect the
interaction.
 3 Public Communication

It is the tool or

method we use to
disperse our
thoughts and
ideas to a
particular group.
 Public vs Publics
•Public- general collection of all
people to whom we can address a
message.
•Publics- particular group of people
who are the intended audience of a
message, a distinction from the
general public.
3 Public Communication

It is a type of speech context that

requires you to deliver or send message in
front of a group.
 TYPES OF
SPEECH STYLE
 TYPES OF SPEECH STYLE
1 INTIMATE 4 FORMAL

2 CASUAL 5 FROZEN

3 CONSULTATIVE
1 INTIMATE
A non-public
Speech Style that
uses private
vocabulary and
includes nonverbal
message.
1 INTIMATE
 Meaning is
shared even
without “correct
linguistics forms.”
1 INTIMATE
This style is used in
conversation between
people who are very
close and know each
other quite well due to
some shared
background
information.
 1 INTIMATE
 It is characterized by economy of words
with the high incidence of significant
nonverbal communication, such as gesture,
facial expression, eye contact, and so on.

Example: Telling your best friend about your

problems.
2 CASUAL
Used among friends
and acquaintances
and this does not
require background
information. No social
barriers required.
 2 CASUAL
 This style is used in conversations
between friends and “insiders” who have
something to share and have shared
background information.

There is free and easy participation of

both speaker and listener.
 2 CASUAL
The use of language is general.
 Examples of usage of casual
language:
-You want to get to know someone on
a more personal level
- You want the person to feel at ease
2 CASUAL
A simple greeting with those you know well
might probably be casual.
 “Hi”, “Hey” “What’s up?”, “How is it
going?”
 “How do you do?”
 “Nice to meet you,
Mr./Mrs./Ms./Dr./Prof./etc.
2 CASUAL
A simple greeting with those you know well
might probably be casual.
 “Will you please excuse me for a
moment?”
 “Excuse me.”
2 CASUAL
Casual or informal style has ellipsis, allows
the use of slang, profanity and unconventional
English words. The diction or vocabulary is
informal (colloquial).
 “dude” (a person)
 “nope” (no)
 “freaking out” (getting scared)
2 CASUAL
Lastly, casual language uses shortened
words or phrases such as:
 “I’m doin’ it my way” (doing)
 “Lemme go!” (let me go)
 “Watcha gonna do?” (What are you
going to do?)
 “Whassup?” (What’s up?)
2 CASUAL
Example:
• Use of contractions (don’t, can’t, won’t,
ain’t, etc.)
• Use of slang words
• Use of simplified grammar
 3 CONSULTATIVE
People do not share
common experiences or
meaning. This style
requires two-way
participation and
interruptions can occur
during the
communication process.
 3 CONSULTATIVE
 This is also known as
the third level of
language.
This style uses listener
participation and
feedback.
3 CONSULTATIVE
 The two defining features of this style are:
1. The speaker supplies background
information.
2. The listener participates continuously.

Examples:
A student talking to his/her teacher.
A student reciting in class.
 4 FORMAL
 Used only for
imparting the
information.
Straightforward and
direct and this style
does not allow
interruptions.
 4 FORMAL

 This is expected to
be presented in
complete sentences
with specific word
usage.
 4 FORMAL
 It does not allow
ellipsis (like omissions),
contractions, and
qualifying model
adverbials (probably,
possibly, evidently,
surely, certainly,
subjectively).
4 FORMAL
 Formal style uses formal words and
expressions.

Examples:
Job interview Prestigious ceremony
Business trip Academic Papers
Dinner Party
Meetings
 5 FROZEN
 A formal style
whose quality is static,
ritualistic and may
even be archaic.
This style is also
known as fixed
speech.
 5 FROZEN

 It is the most formal

communicative style
that is often used in
respectable situations
or formal ceremonies.
5 FROZEN

Examples:
Professional’s Oath
National Pledge
Marriage Ceremonies
Introduction between acquaintances
Types of Speech
Act
SPEECH ACT
A speech act is an utterance
defined in terms of a speaker’s
intention and the effect it has on a
listener. (Nordquist, 2017)
 An action performed in saying
something.
SPEECH ACT
 Austin (1962) defined
speech acts as the speaker’s
utterances which convey
meaning and make listeners
do specific things.
SPEECH ACT
 Speech acts might be
requests, warnings, promises,
apologies, greetings or any
number of declarations.
SPEECH ACT
 Example: “I am hungry”

It is a speech act which

expresses hunger and/or
requests for something to eat.
THREE TYPES OF
SPEECH ACT
1 LOCUTIONARY SPEECH ACT

2 ILLOCUTIONARY SPEECH ACT

3 PERLOCUTIONARY SPEECH
ACT
1 LOCUTIONARY SPEECH
ACT
What is required for the utterance to
be a locutionary act is that it has to
have a sense and the same meaning
to both the speaker and the listener.

 Example: One will say “WHAT?” when

he/she is surprised.
1 LOCUTIONARY SPEECH
ACTwhen the speaker expresses
 Occurs
an utterance (locution) which
conveys a traditional meaning.
 This act transpires with the utterance
of a sound, a word or even a phrase
as a natural unit of speech.
2 ILLOCUTIONARY SPEECH
It is ACT
the act of uttering something
with a deliberate intent. It is not
just about saying something for
the sake of utterance but
something is said with a specific
intention ---
2 ILLOCUTIONARY SPEECH
ACT
State an opinion  Request
 Deny something  Confirm
 Make prediction Give advice, etc.
 State a promise
 Order
2 ILLOCUTIONARY SPEECH
ACT
Examples:
 “There’s too much homework to do.”
(expressing opinion)
 “I will do my homework later.”
(Stating a promise)
 “Submit your requirements on time.”
(Giving order)
3 PERLOCUTIONARY
This SPEECH
speech actACT
happens when
what the speaker utters has an effect
on the listener. This is evident when a
certain effect is found from either the
speaker, the listener, or both.
3 PERLOCUTIONARY
 TheSPEECH ACTnot be
response may
necessarily be physical or verbal in
nature.
 This is elicited by inspiring or
insulting, persuading or convincing,
and deterring or scaring.
3 PERLOCUTIONARY
SPEECH ACT
The aim of this speech act is to
change feelings, thoughts or
actions.
3 PERLOCUTIONARY
SPEECH ACT
Examples:
 I can do all things through Christ who
gives me strength. (convincing)
 I was born a Filipino. I will live a
Filipino. I will die a Filipino. (inspiring)
 Texting while driving kills you and
your loved ones. (deterring)
 TYPES OF SPEECH ACT
PERLOCUTIONA
LOCUTIONARY ILLOCUTIONARY
RY

Utterance Intention Response

Performing an act Performing an act
The act of saying
in saying by saying
something
something something

The black Please find the

The black cat.
cat is stupid. black cat.