A.D.

Patel Institute of
Technology

Power Plant Engineering (2171910)

Unique Feature and Advantages of
High Pressure Boiler: La-ment
BY : Raj H. Joshi
(160010119028)
Mechanical Engineering-08
Semester 07
INTRODUCTION OF HIGH PRESSUREBOILERS

Fire tube boiler : Steam is need 30 bar pressure.

Water tube boiler : Steam is need 42 barpressure.
A boiler is called a high pressure boiler when it operates with a steam pressure
above 80 bar. The high-pressure boilers are widely used for power generation
in thermal power plants.
 Example: Lamont boiler, Benson boiler, loeffler boiler, Babcock and Wilcox
boiler , etc…
 Power plant necessary to generate steam at a high rate , high pressure , higher
efficiency , which is full fill by high pressure boiler.
 H.P.B generate 160 bar pressure and maximum steam temperature 540 degree.
 FEATURES OF HIGH PRESSUREBOILERS:

 Forced circulation of water

 Large number of small diameter tubes
 Higher steam pressure and temperature
 Improved mode of heat transfer and heating
 Pressurized combustion
 Compactness
 High efficiency
 Once through construction
 FEATURES OF HIGH PRESSUREBOILERS:

1. METHOD OF WATER CIRCULATION:

 Flow of water/steam takes place due to density
difference in natural circulation.
 With increase in boiler pressure density difference is
reduce and at critical pressure difference is same , so
natural circulation is not possible.
 Slow circulation of water causes Film boiling and hence
bubbles remain contact with metal tube which resist the
heat flow.
 In modern H.P.B , the circulation is maintained with
the help of boiler circulating pump which forces the
water through the boiler.
 Due to high velocity , heat transfer rate is increase.
 Evaporation capacity is increase so size and diameter of
boiler and tube is reduce.
 FEATURES OF HIGH PRESSUREBOILERS:

2. TYPE OF TUBING:
 The most of H.P.B are water tube. If flow take place through
one long continues tube , the large pressure drop take place
due to friction.
 This is reduce by arranging the flow to pass through parallel
set of tubes.
 In force circulation boiler it is possible to prevent film boiling
 But , above 200 bar pressure the effectiveness of drum in
separating the saturated steam from water is reduce.
 This eliminated by using once through boiler.
 In this water is fed to the boiler at one end and superheated
steam discharge through the other end of boiler.
 Means , Eliminated the separating drum.
 FEATURES OF HIGH PRESSUREBOILERS:

3. PRESSURIZED COMBUSTION:
 To increase the rate of heat release in the boiler furnaces it is essential to increase the rate of firing of the fuel.
 Hence it is necessary to use pressurized combustion system.

4. IMPROVED METHODS OF HEATING:

 Saving of latent heat of evaporation of water at pressure above critical.
 Heating of water by mixing the superheated steam.
 Velocity of hot gas and water are high and hence heat transfer rate from gas to water isincrease.
 Utilization of the mode of heat transfer.
LA-MONT BOILER

It is first forced circulation boiler.

It is introduced by La-Mont in 1925 in which pump
is used for forced circulation.
Type of boiler : water tube , forced circulation ,
HPB
Steam generating capacity : 45 to 50 tones / hr
Pressure and temperature : 120 atm. And 500̊ c
 LA-MONT BOILER
The feed water from the hot well is pumped to boiler drum through economizer.
In the economizer , the feed water absorb the sensible heat from the flue gases passes over the
economizer.
The water from the drum is pumped to radiant and convection evaporator , and again to drum.
The feed water in radiant evaporator absorb radiant heat and in convective evaporator absorb
convective heat and it evaporates.
The steam collected in the upper part of separating steam drum and then passes through super heater
where it becomes superheated.
The super heated steam then supplied to prime mover.
The atmospheric cold air is pre-heated in the air-preheater by the flue gases before discharge through
chimney.
The heated air from air pre heater is supplied to the combustionchamber.
 LA-MONT BOILER
ADVANTAGES:
Small diameter tubes are used, so that high heat transfer rate is maintained.
The multiple tubes circuit gives flexibility for suitable location of heat transferequipment's.
Due to the forced circulation , high evaporation rate is achieved.
DISADVANTAGES:
There is a formation and attachment of bubbles on the inner surface of the heating tubes. This reducethe
heat flow and steam generation.
Salt and sediments are deposited on the inner surface of water tubes which reduce the heat transfer andsteam
generating capacity.
Thank you