Mr. Ambrosio Guanso's Lecture, KCP

IDENTIFYING MAN -USOK (SMALL SCALE MINING) & MAN-
UMA/NUM-A (SWIDDEN FARMING)
K - KNOWLEDGE (COGNITION)
C- COMMUNAL CONSCIENCE
P- PRACTICES
COMMUNAL
LIFE STAGES/Sub KNOWLEDGE CONSCIENCE
PRACTICES
IKSP COGNITION
MUYANG (INFANT)
0-4
AN-ANAK (CHILD) MANTET-TE-E, Nalagsak ay Perform simple
5- 8 MANTENGAW, mangtulong sin iyun-a tasks like assisting
MAN-NGENGEW na (manong, manang). manong and
(Knows how to do (Delight in helping manang in feeding
ACTIVITIES: chickens, dogs,
light home chores older siblings).
(Parents usually go – assist in feeding washing dishes,
to the usok or uma pets, assist in Tulungan din iyun-a sweeping etc.
and leave an older cleaning, mo malpas di ay-ayam.
child (11-16) to take assist older siblings (Help older siblings
care of the younger in doing chores). before or after
children).
playing).
LIFE STAGES/Sub- KNOWLEDGE COMMUNAL
PRACTICES
IKSP COGNITION CONSCIENCE
PANDAKDAK-
ANA/KASIKSIKNANA
(GROWING UP STAGE) 9-10
Observe
 MAN-ITET-TE-E, Realize the precautionary
ACTIVITIES: MAN-ITENGAW, MAN- importance of measures in
INGENGEW
Stay at home and take  (Watch over and
performing simple doing their
care of younger take care of younger responsibilities. chores.
siblings. Cook, Feed siblings)
Pets, Clean. Others go  Wash dishes Give importance to Practice patience
to the workplace and  Clean the house
 Assist mother in safety measures. in taking care of
perform the duties in
cooking food. younger siblings.
the workplace.
*Eldest child
takes
reponsibility.
COMMUNAL CONSCIENCE PRACTICES
LIFE STAGES/Sub -IKSP KNOWLEDGE
BUMALBALO/BUMALBA- COGNITION
LASANG (PUBERTY, 11-13)
(USOK) POLOSPIK: MAN-USOK • Develop the sense of

• Identify the types of responsibility.
ACTIVITIES/BOYS: stones: molok, igang
• Perform their tasks
• Pound the ores for gold ores • Appreciate the virtue of ay-
well.
sampling. • Know the steps of ayyew
• Bring the mineral lode mansample.
for sampling to the • Know the tools to carry
miners. during the prospect
• Carry tools and foods time (manpolospik)
of the miners during
the prospect time.  Develop industry
PANAGDADALUS ED MANNUM-A  Do their work
NUM-A/LUM-A/UMA/UM- Use the tools  Realize the value of manual willingly and well
A
• Manpu-o properly. (sanggap, labor
• Mandalus/Manlugam suan, gabyong)
LIFE STAGES/Sub IKSP COMMUNAL CONSCIENCE
KNOWLEDGE PRACTICES
Use the proper use of the Observe silently, respect and

USOK:
(USOK) tools in the panag-abot and
Respect and value practices and learn rituals).
PANAGDALUS/PANAG- panagdalus- (Boys)
rituals done by elders.
ABOT Observe diligence and
 Cleaning and clearing of *Applicable in the importance of time and effort
Observe NECESSARY TABOOS
old usok if prospect is panagdadalus si num-a/uma.
done in an old one
AND care in their work to avoid
 Clearing and making the mishaps to people and adi kaila
During the Boton of the usok,
portal if an usok is newly (unseen beings)
boys may do the biddings of
opened/started.
the manbunong, may observe
*Usually, the Manbunong
does the boton in this stage. and listen silently and learn
NUM-A/UMA
the proceedings of the ritual.
- Value and love manual labor
MA-AM-AMAG (RITUALS &
PANAGGAGABYONG: PRACTICES- BOTON,
 Tilling the soil of the DANGTEY, PAKDE,BUYAG,
swidden farm LANGIT/ULOK)
 Cleaning the Know the things to prepare
surroundings of the (firewood, etc.) and minor
swidden farm things to do – prepare coffee
 Repairing the fences. and assist in cooking. (Boys &
Girls)
LIFE STAGES/Sub -IKSP COMMUNAL CONSCIENCE
KNOWLEDGE PRACTICES
Use the proper use of the Observe caution while doing

USOK:
PANAG-ABANTI tools in the panag-abot and
 If the Boton is favorable
• Help the miners in the making ones work.
panagdalus- (Boys)
which is usually so, miners the portal of the mine.
start the abanti • Assist the miners in carrying Learn how to do the
*Applicable in the timbering properly.
 Timbering is done if usok timbers to be used in the
panagdadalus si num-a/uma.
is newly operated slabs and posts.
 Repair of the old timber if • Cook food for the miners.
usok is old. During the Boton of the usok,
(Girls)
 Clearing and cleaning the boys may do the biddings of
• Be aware of the dos and
usok from usal and the manbunong, may observe
destroyed timbers.
dont’s when entering an usok.
and listen silently and learn
the proceedings of the ritual.
NUM-A/UMA
PANAGMUMULA: Plant the seedlings in the uma Practice the proper way of
 Planting the uma with Help adults in cooking food with care. planting the seedlings to
tigi, mani, laya, for the workers, miners. avoid waste of time, effort
betang/gutang corn (Girls) Willingly help their parents. and things.
LIFE STAGES KNOWLEDGE/COGNITION COMMUNAL CONSCIENCE
PRACTICES
BUMALBALO/BUMALBA- Ammo na ay makisaga-ok.
LASANG (PUBERTY, 11-13) *PANAGSASAGA-OK –NO
WADA SAMPLE- OWNER AND
PANAGNANABA
THE LEAD MINER – ARE  Cheerfully and willingly Observe caution while doing
AUTHORIZED TO GIVE SAGA- perform their work. ones work.
Activities:
• Bring out usal to the OK
*LALLA-O – FIRST TIMERS Learn how to do the
portals. using the  Work well without asking
ARE GIVEN INITIAL GOOD timbering properly.
bagon activities. something in return.
• Classify common SAMPLE, THOSE GOING TO
stones from ores. SCHOOLS ARE ALSO GIVEN
SAGA-OK)- • Appreciate the importance
• Assist the miners in
of economy to avoid food
bringing out the ores
outside the portal.  Separate igang(vein of wastage.
• Cook for the miners. gold ore) and molok
(Girls) from gold ores.
Practice the proper way of
doing the waknis to avoid
 Assist in bringing out waste of effort (ay-ayyew)
PANAGLULUGAM: the usal to the portal.
 Weeding the plants
especially the togi,  Cook food for the
panagwawaknis of the miners. (Girls)
togi.
Know the proper way of

doing the waknis. (Girls)
KNOWLEDGE PRACTICES
PANAGGIGILING  Know the  Value efforts by being Observe caution while doing
Activities: measurement of the ones work.
• Assist elders in putting careful during the giling
amount to be placed in time.
the ore to be milled in
the ballmill. (Egen) Learn and practice the steps
the ballmill.
 Cook food for the  Give importance to the
of the giling, banas, anay,
miners. (Girls) balkis and piis.
• Carry the ores to be labors of their parents by
milled to the milling  Distinguish banas, being extra careful when Exercise extra care while
site. anay, balkis, piis they assist their parents. doing the activities to avoid
waste of effort and time.
• Cook food. (Girls)
 Manbanas
 Man - anay
 Manbalkis
PANAGBEBEKA: Familiarize
 Adolescents watch Practice the proper way of
and learn how to dig themselves in doing
doing the beka ta adi ay
the togi. the beka ta adi da ayyew.
 Assist their parents in looyen din togi.
doing the beka.
(Apprenticeship) (Avoid waste)
KNOWLEDGE PRACTICES
Know the importance of  Value the efforts of the

Process their share of linang
PINAGWAWALAS SI getting their share of through gaid to extract the
LINANG miners by processing their gold. (Parents may help their
linang. linang properly. (Igaid, asi
Activities: children).
idayas)
• Not much to do at this
point because the
children may also give
their cellophanes for
their share of linang.
*For the panag-uma,

the family may leave
the place untouched or
may replace the
gathered togi by
starting the cycle again
LIFE STAGES COMMUNAL CONSCIENCE
KNOWLEDGE PRACTICES
Boys or girls fill in the dayasan

PINAGDAYAS  Be willing and diligent to
Cook food for the miners. with water.
Activities: learn the dayas. (Girls)
(Girls)
Observe, learn by heart the
• Cook food. (Girls) trade and skills of doing the
dayas.
• Some girls are asked to *Not much to do at this
observe the dayas for point because this is for
them to learn the the skilled women.
trade and trick of the
panagdayas.
*For the panag-uma,

may replace the
gathered togi by
KNOWLEDGE PRACTICES
Observe and learn the trade

PANAGPEKE  Be willing and diligent in
KNOW the steps in the by heart.
(SMELTING) learning the steps in doing
peke… (Mansinget, the peke.
Activities:
manbolowel, manusar si
• MELTING THE GOLD IS gangi, mansoda,
DONE MOSTLY BY mangalamos)
ADULTS. CHILDREN OF
11 -13 WILL BE AN
OBSERVANT AND
LEARNERS.
*For the panag-uma,

may replace the
gathered togi by
LIFE STAGES COMMUNAL CONSCIENCE
KNOWLEDGE PRACTICES
Know how to behave when  Respect and learn the

Diligently observe and learn
Activities: the rituals by heart.
PANAWDAWATAN (Other
rituals are performed. rituals.(boys)
rituals maybe done after the
financier or operator sold the
production.
*PANGKAKAYKAY
FORGET OUR OWN ROOTS, OUR
OWN TONGUE, OUR OWN CULTURE;
THEN, WE HAVE NOTHING TO HOLD
ON AND WE WILL BE LOST AS AN
INDIGENOUS PEOPLE .

Mr. Ambrosio Guanso's Lecture, KCP

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Mr. Ambrosio Guanso's Lecture, KCP

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IDENTIFYING MAN -USOK (SMALL SCALE MINING) & MAN-

UMA/NUM-A (SWIDDEN FARMING)

(USOK) POLOSPIK: MAN-USOK • Develop the sense of

Use the proper use of the Observe silently, respect and

Use the proper use of the Observe caution while doing

Know the proper way of

Know the importance of  Value the efforts of the

*For the panag-uma,

Boys or girls fill in the dayasan

*For the panag-uma,

Observe and learn the trade

*For the panag-uma,

Know how to behave when  Respect and learn the

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