COMMUNICATIVE

STRATEGIES
• These are plans, ways or means of
sharing information which are
adopted to achieve a particular
social, political,psychological, or
linguistic purpose.
• Cohen (1990) states that strategies
must be used to start and maintain a
conversation.
NOMINATION
• A speaker carries out
nomination to
collaboratively and
productively establish a
topic.
• It is where you open, start
or introduce a topic.
RESTRICTION
• Restriction in communication
refers to any limitation you may
have as a speaker.
• The Listener is forced to
respond only within a set of
categories that is made by the
Speaker
TURN-TAKING
• pertains to the process by
which people decide who
takes the conversational
floor.
• recognizing when and how
to speak because it is one’s
turn.
• Turn-taking Communicative
Strategy uses either an
informal approach (just
jump in and start talking) or
a formal approach
(permission to speak is
requested).
TOPIC CONTROL
• Topic control covers how procedural
formality or informality affects the
development of topic in conversations.
• This is simply a question-answer
formula that moves the discussion
forward.
• This also allows the Listener or other
participants to take turns, contribute
ideas, and continue the discussion.
TOPIC SHIFTING
• Introducing a new topic
followed by the
continuation of that topic
• It is where one part of a
conversation ends and
where begin
REPAIR
• Repair refers to how speaker
address the problems in speaking,
listening, and comprehending that
they may encounter in a
conversation.
• overcoming communication
breakdown to send more
comprehensible messages.
TERMINATION
• Termination refers to the
conversation participants’
close -initiating expressions
that end a topic in a
conversation.
• Use verbal and nonverbal
signals to end the interaction.