PERTEMUAN KE II:

SIFAT FISIK MINERAL

MODUL 2
 IDENTIFIKASI MINERAL
 Warna
 Bentuk Kristal
 Cerat
 Kilap
 Kekerasan
 Belahan dan Pecahan
 Sifat lain
Warna
Streak (Cerat)
 Black - Graphite
 Black - Pryite
 Black - Magnetite
 Black - Chalcopyrite
 Gray - Galena
 Limonite - Yellow-
brown
 Hematite - Red-brown
 LUSTER (KILAP):
refleksi mineral dalam menangkap sinar:
ada dua yaitu metalik dan non-metalik

Non metalik: kilap kaca, tanah (earthy) dan tidak memantulkan sinar (dull)
Cleavage (Belahan)
 Mengikuti
bentuk
kristal
Fracture (Pecahan)
 Yaitu bentuk permukaan
antar atom penyusun
mineral saat mineral
pecah atau hancur
 Pecahan:
 beraturan (regular)
 tidak beraturan
(irregular)
 Permukaan pecahan:
 Kasar (splinterry)
 Halus (smooth)
 berbentuk kurva
(conchoidal): seperti
gelas saat pecah.
Kekerasan
 Crystal Shape
(Bentuk Kristal)
 Kubik
 Prismatik
 Tabular
(berlembar)
 Menjarum
 Hexagonal
 Piritohedron
  Taste - Geologists use as many
Sifat Lain
 Reaction with Dilute Hydrochloric
 Magnetism - A few minerals are attracted
to a magnet or are themselves capable of
acting as magnets (the most common
magnetic mineral is magnetite). Because
these are so rare, this property helps
narrow the possibilities drastically when
trying to identify an unknown specimen.
 Feel - Some minerals, notably talc and
graphite, feel greasy or slippery when you
rub your fingers over them. The
greasiness occurs because bonds are so
weak in one direction that your finger
pressure alone is enough to break them
and to slide planes of atoms past
neighboring atomic layers
senses as possible in describing and
identifying minerals. Taste is one of
the last tests to be conducted,
because some minerals are
poisonous. Some minerals taste salty-
most notably halite (salt). Sylvite, a
mineral similar in all other properties to
halite, tastes bitter. Taste is thus a
diagnostic property because it
distinguishes between these minerals.
NEVER TASTE A MINERAL UNLESS
INSTRUCTED TO!
Acid - This is actually a chemical
property rather than a physical
attribute of a mineral. Minerals
containing the carbonate anion
(C03)2- effervesce ("fizz") when a drop
of dilute hydrochloric acid is placed on
them. Carbon dioxide is liberated from
the mineral and bubbles out through
the acid, creating the fizz. This test is
best performed on powdered minerals.
Calcite (calcium carbonate) will
effervesce readily in either massive or
powdered form, but dolomite (calcium-
magnesium carbonate) reacts best as
a powder.