The Philippines is considered

as one of the typhoon prone

areas in the world.
 What is it about the
Philippines that make it a
target for typhoons?
 The Philippines lies at the western rim of the
Pacific Ocean, north of the equator.
 It is bounded on the west by the West
Philippine Sea, on the east of Pacific Ocean,
on the north by the Bashi channel and on the
south by the Sulu and Celebes Sea.
 TROPICS – the Philippines is located within
the geographic area.
 The Philippine climate is tropical marine.
 Northeast monsoon from November to April
and southwest monsoon from May to October.
 Factors on why weather and climate in the
Philippines differ in four regions of the
country:
 Presence of mountains
 Forests
 Bodies of water
 Mindoro
 Negros
 Palawan
 Western part of Luzon
Places that located at the eastern coast of the
Philippines:
 Eastern part of Cagayan, Catanduanes
 Isabela, Sorsogon, Eastern Albay
 Aurora, Eastern and Northern part of
Camarines Norte and Camarines Sur, Northern
and Eastern Samar, Southern Leyte and Eastern
Mindanao, Quezon – are all exposed to the
Philippine Sea.
 Western Cagayan, Western Isabela, Nueva
Viscaya, Eastern Mountain Province,
Southern Luzon, Bondoc Peninsula,
Masbate and Mindanao.
 They are situated on the west of the
mountain ranges in the Eastern part of the
country.
 Their location and topography – are the reasons
why the air masses that reach them are dry.

Areas that are located in the inner middle part

of the archipelago, but are open to inland bodies
of water(big open seas).
 Batanes, Northeastern Luzon, the Western
part of Camarines Norte and Camarines Sur,
Western Albay, Eastern Mindoro, Marinduque,
Western Leyte, Northern Cebu, Northern
Negros, and most of the Southern Central, and
Northern Mindanao.
 These is the reason why there is no dry
season in these places and why there is no
heavy rainfall:
 The trees in the forest give off a lot of
water vapor in the atmosphere when they
transpire.
 Adding a lot of moisture in the
atmosphere.
 The forest block off the moisture laden air
masses that have passed over the big open
seas.
 PAR – is refers to designated area in the
northwestern Pacific where PAGASA is tasked
to monitor and issue warnings pertaining to
tropical cyclone occurrences and activities.

 TYPHOON MOVEMENTS:
- Typhoons are pushed by high altitude
winds and move north because of the effect of
the earth’s rotation (Coriolis effect).
- Typhoons in northern hemisphere rotate
counterclockwise and clockwise in the
southern hemisphere.
 Straighttrack (or straight runner)
 Parabolic recurving track
 Northward track

Other storm that affect the Philippines:

 Thunderstorms- are local storms associated
with thunder and lightning.
 It covers only small area and are short-lived.
 They are very common during warm and very
humid weather.
 They are common in the tropics.
 The strong, rising currents of moist air leads
to rapid condensation of water vapor
molecules, and the formation of
cumulonimbus clouds follows.
 Condensation- is accompanied by gusty
winds, brilliant displays of lightning,
deafening thunder, and heavy down pour
rain, which is sometimes accompanied by
hails.
 Thunderstorms- happen during mid and late
afternoon.
 Tornadoes- are brief but extremely violent
whirling storms that can occur in any part of
the world.
- it is likely to occur during hot,
humid days when cumulonimbus clouds cover
the entire sky.
 Typhoons- can bring strong winds and large
amounts of rain.
 The affected weather fronts can cause the
long rains that can saturate the ground even
before the typhoon passes by.
 Typhoons – can cause the rising of the river
this happen because forces from the center
of the typhoon can cause the lifting of the
sea level.
 Storm surge- it is a phenomenon where the
strong winds blow from offshore to the
coast, seawater is blown towards the coast.
 The solar system- is an orderly arrangement
of eight planets, at least a hundred moons,
thousands of asteroids, and millions of
comets moving around the sun with
remarkable precision.
 Using the Heliocentric perspective of Nicolas
Copernicus a scientist were able to
determine which planets are closer to the
sun and which planets are farther away.
 Orbit- the path where the planets move
around the sun.
 Johannes Kepler- using mathematical
calculations, discovered that the orbits of
planets are ellipses not circles with the sun
located at one fixed point called FOCUS.
 He also calculated the period of revolution of
the planets as well as the speed of the
revolution of planets.
 Planets- stay orbit around the sun.
 Sir Isaac Newton- who unraveled the
mystery of orbital motion with his Universal
Law of Gravitation.
 According to Newton, two forces hold or
keeps the planets in their orbit around the
sun.
1. Gravitational Pull- the force of attraction
exerted by the sun to the planets to be
drawn towards it.
2. Force of Inertia- the force exerted by the
body to throw itself off into space.
1. The Planetisimal Theory
- George Comte de Buffon a French
scientist, proposed in 1778 this theory.
- according to the theory ages ago the
sun collided with another star.
- the collision cause large masses of
materials from the two stars to be thrown off
into space.
- the materials cooled and condensed to
form small bodies that in the course of time,
became planets.
2. The Companion Star Theory
- Fred Hoyle, a British astronomer,
proposed this theory.
- according to the theory, the sun once
had a companion star.
- this star exploded when it collided
with the sun and its materials were held by
the sun’s gravitation.
- from these materials, various planets
and other bodies in the solar system were
formed.
3. The Nebular Hypothesis
- Marquis De Laplace, a French astronomer,
proposed this theory in 1796.
- according to this theory, the source of the
material of the solar system was a vast, saucer-
shaped nebula similar to a protostar.
- the swirling nebula eventually cooled and
shrank, causing it to spin faster in space.
- the spinning caused rings of materials to
break away from its outer edge.
- the rings gave rise to planets, and the
center of the nebula condensed and became the
sun.
 Typhoon is a storm system characterized by a
low pressure center and numerous
thunderstorms that produce high winds and
heavy rains.
 The vulnerable geographic location of the
Philippines makes it prone to typhoons.
 PAR refers to designated area in the
northwestern Pacific where PAGASA is tasked to
monitor and issue warnings about incoming
tropical cyclones and their activities.
 Six requirements are needed for a typhoon to
form and develop. If any of them is below
average or minimum, a typhoon will not develop.
 Typhoons cause strong winds and large amounts
of rains and rising of sea levels that can lead to
major disasters.
 Whether the typhoon intensifies or deteriorates
depends on the existing conditions of the area
where it lands, including the landforms, and
topography of the area.
 PAGASA categorizes tropical cyclones according
to wind speed and issues public storm signal
warnings on areas affected by the typhoon.
 PAGASA has acquired equipment that can
monitor tropical cyclone activities to reduce
risks and casualties to people.
 Thunderstorms and tornadoes are local
storms that can also affect the Philippines.
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