LOGO QUIZ

McDo/ McDonald's
BIOMOLECULES
Biomolecule
It is any molecule that is produced by a
living organisms
 Monomer
It is a small
molecule that joins
with other similar
molecules to a make
a polymer.
Monomer
 Polymer
It is a large organic molecule consisting
of small repeating units of monomers.
 Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the major source of
energy for the body. All carbohydrates
contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Carbohydrates
 Carbohydrates
Three types of carbohydrates:
Monosaccharides
simplest sugar and the basic unit of a
carbohydrate; white solids at room
temperature and very soluble in water
 Disaccharides
consist of two monosaccharides that are
chemically combined
Disaccharides
Disaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides
polymers containing numerous
monosaccharides monomers
 Polysaccharides
Three common polysaccharides:
Polysaccharides: Starch

Found in… Made of … Used for …

Plants (starch Glucose storage of carbohydrates in plants,
granules) human nutrition and industrial
applications
Polysaccharides: Starch
Made up of two types of polysaccharides:
Polysaccharides: Glycogen

Found in… Made of … Used for …

Animals (liver and Glucose storage of excess sugar
muscles)
Polysaccharides: Cellulose

Found in… Made of … Used for …

Plants (cell wall) Glucose Rigidity for firm cell walls
 Lipids
substances that are insoluble in water and
soluble in alcohol; composed of carbon,
hydrogen and oxygen
 Lipids
Lipids are often called fats or oils, but are
large macromolecules with two primary
functions: (1) long term energy storage and
(2) building cell membranes
Lipids
fatty acids are the building blocks
(monomer) of lipids
Lipids
Lipids: Fats

solid at room
temperature;
contain saturated
fatty acids
Lipids: Oils
liquids at room temperature; contain
unsaturated fatty acids
Lipids: Steroids
molecules are composed of fused ring
 Proteins
made up of the elements carbon, hydrogen,
nitrogen and sulfur;
10% to 20% of the mass of a cell
Proteins Functions
Proteins
 Proteins
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins
Proteins: Amino Acids
Protein Structure
Protein Structure
Protein Structure
Protein Structure
Protein Structure
 Nucleic Acids
molecules that code for hereditary traits by
controlling the production of protein

Two types: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

and ribonucleic acid (RNA)
Nucleic Acid
nucleotides are the building blocks of
nucleic acid
 DNA vs RNA
DNA RNA
It contains the genetic It is responsible for
instruction used in the template in the
Description the development and synthesis of proteins
functioning of all living which in turn control the
organisms. operation & function of
the cell
 DNA vs RNA
DNA RNA

Long-term storage and Transfer the genetic

Function transmission of genetic information for the
information creation of proteins
from the nucleus to the
ribosomes
 DNA vs RNA
DNA RNA

Sugar and Deoxyribose sugar Ribose sugar

Bases Phosphate backbone; Phosphate backbone;
Four Bases: adenine, Four Bases: adenine,
guanine, cytosine, and guanine, cytosine, and
thymine uracil
DNA vs RNA
DNA RNA
A-T A-U
Pairing of (Adenine-Thymine) (Adenine-Uracil)
Bases
G-C G-C
(Guanine-Cytosine) (Guanine-Cytosine)