LEARNING ENDSTATES:

THINK: Uses of inductive and deductive reasoning in an

argument.(M8GE-IIh-1).
FEEL: Upholds truth during any situation.
DO/COMMUNICATE: Applies reasoning to form good
conversation.
LEAD: Promotes fair judgement on every real life situation
through honest reasoning.
LEARNING ENDSTATES:
INTUIT: Predicts probable outcomes of reasoning and reflects
beneficial effects of making accurate decisions.
BE: Honest and fair person
ETHICAL FORMATION: Develops the habit of self- reflection in
search of highest truth.
SOCIAL RESPONSIVENESS: Shares knowledge and skills learned
on inductive and deductive reasoning in addressing
community problems and its probable solutions.
ESSENTIAL QUESTION

How are key concepts of inductive and

deductive reasoning be used in real life
situations?
Given some practical situations, what are
your common reasons?
Absent in class.
High Score in Math
Hardworking inside the house.
Looking good and feeling fresh/blooming
Crying.
Inductive and
Deductive Reasoning
Activity 2: Why Oh Why?
Think-Pair-Share
1. What is next in the figure?
Activity 2: Why Oh Why?
2. Draw the next figure
Activity 2: Why Oh Why?
3. My mathematics teacher is loving.
My previous mathematics teacher was loving.
My mother’s mathematics teacher was loving, too.
What can you say about mathematics teachers?
Activity 2: Why Oh Why?
4. 1 X 10 = 10
2 X 10 = 20
3 X 10 = 30
5 x 10 = 50
24 x 10 = 240
2345 X 10 = _____
Activity 2: Why Oh Why?
5. Every time Maria visits her doctor, she
receives excellent services. With this she
believes that _______________________.
Guide Questions:
1.How did you arrive at your answer?
2.Did you agree at once on your answer?
3.Were there arguments between you and
your partner?
4.Based on the activity, what is inductive
reasoning?
 Activity 3: Cubra Cube
Statement Conclusion
1. Filipinos are hospitable.
Bonifacio is a Filipino.
2. Smoking can cause cancer.
Juan smokes.
3. An angle is acute if its measure is
between 0 and 90 degrees.
Angle B is acute.
 Guide Questions:
1.How did you come up with your conclusion?
2.What have you noticed with all the given
examples?
3.Based on the examples, what is deductive
reasoning?
What is Inductive and Deductive
Reasoning?
Inductive and Deductive Reasoning
Definition of Terms:
Inductive Reasoning
◦reasoning that is based on observing and
recognizing patterns in a set of data and using
patterns to arrive at a conjecture.
◦Involves going from a series of specific cases to a
general statement.
Definition of Terms:
Deductive Reasoning
◦reasoning that uses facts, rules, definitions, or
properties in a logical order to show that a
desired conclusion is true.
◦reasoning that goes from a general statement to a
specific instance.
 INDUCTIVE REASONING DEDUCTIVE REASONING

Starts with Conclusion Premises

Goes from Specific to General General to Specific
Known as Top-down Bottom-up
Uses Specific Inferences Generalized Principles
Accuracy The conclusion is true if Leads to a probable
the premises are true conclusion
Application in
Scientific To form hypotheses or
To test theories or principles
Method theories
 INDUCTIVE REASONING DEDUCTIVE REASONING

Starts with Premises Conclusion

Goes from Specific to General General to Specific
Known as Bottom-up Top-down
Uses Specific Inferences Generalized Principles
Accuracy Leads to a probable The conclusion is true if the
conclusion premises are true
Application in
Scientific To form hypotheses or
To test theories or principles
Method theories
 Examples:
Example 1:To estimate the population of Bacarra , in upcoming years, one of
the Bacarreños collected populations from past years and made this table:
Year Population
1950 7 403
1960 7 958
1970 8 377
1980 8 775
1990 9 323
2000 9 794
2010 10 281
The town worker wants to estimate the population for
2020, 2025.
Guide Questions:
1.To do this, will he be using inductive or
deductive reasoning?
2.How will you come up with the
estimate?
3.What will be the estimated population
for 2020/ 2025?
Examples:
Example 2:
No one who can afford health insurance is
unemployed. All politicians can afford health insurance.
Therefore_____________________.
Guide Questions:
1. What reasoning is applicable to the situation?
2. What was the basis in determining the
reasoning?
3. What will be the conclusion?
Activity 4: Think-Pair-Share
Draw conclusion from each given situation then identify
whether inductive or deductive.

1. 12, 24, 36, 48. The next number is _______.

(60. Inductive Reasoning)
2. Coplanar points are points on the same plane. X, Y, Z are
coplanar. Therefore, _______________.
(X, Y, Z are on the same plane. Deductive Reasoning)
3. Regular polygon is equilateral. BELEN is a regular pentagon.
Therefore, _____________.
(BELEN is equilateral. Deductive Reasoning)
 Draw conclusion from each given situation then
identify whether inductive or deductive.
4. A child’s teacher in high school was a female, in his
grades 7 and 8 his teachers were both female. The child
may say _______________.
(All teachers are female. Inductive Reasoning)
5. Filipinos are peace-loving people. Mark is a Filipino.
Therefore, ________________.
(Mark is a peace-loving person. Deductive Reasoning)
Activity 5: Research on Records
Assignment:
Conduct a simple research on the number of absent
students and causes/reasons of absenteeism of the
grade 8 students from year 2010 to present and
make an estimate of the number of absenteeism on
the year 2020. Suggest some solutions to the
problem that might help the school and the students.
Presentation of Output
Individual Exercise
Decide whether inductive reasoning or deductive
reasoning is used to reach the conclusion and explain.
1. Every time I take a test in math, I fail it. I am taking a math test today. I will
fail my test today.
2. Maria is in Mrs. Rosario’s class. Mrs. Rosario’s class is in library. Maria will
be in the library.
3. Rational numbers can be written as fractions. Irrational numbers cannot be
written as fractions. So, 1/2 is a rational number.
4. Each time your mom goes to the store, she buys milk. So, the next time your
mom goes to the store, she will buy milk.
5. All birds can fly. An ostrich is a bird. Therefore, an ostrich can fly.
Decide whether inductive reasoning or deductive
reasoning is used to reach the conclusion and explain.
6. All even numbers are divisible by 2. 28 is even. Therefore, 28 is
divisible by 2.
7. Since all squares are rectangle, and all rectangles have four sides,
all squares have four sides.
8. The sum of two even numbers is even. 24 and 26 are both even
numbers. Therefore, their sum is an even number.
9. 2 x 100 = 200, 3 x 100 = 300, 4 x 100 = 400. Therefore, 15 x 100 =
1500.
10. It has been observed that earthquakes precede eruption of
volcanoes. Thus, Earthquakes cause volcanoes to erupt.
Activity 7: Individual Written Work and
Journal Writing
A.Create 10 examples of statement/s that involves inductive
reasoning and 10 examples of statement/s which involves
deductive reasoning. (Statements must talk about on the
present situations of the community. May it be relational,
environmental, political, social, etc.).
B.Self-assessment: Make a self-reflection on how you
can use inductive or deductive reasoning in your life
as a student.
Thank you!
God Bless!