OPGW TERMINAL EQUIPMENT IN

OPTCL

B K MALLICK,AGM(Telecom)
ULDC Project
PDH & SDH
Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy

B 70 700 E (12.95)
64 kBit/s
Frame structure acc.. ITU-T: G.702, 7.703
 Multiplexers - the history
Voice,

Data, MUX
2Mbit/s •Multiplexers…
8Mbit/s … are used to insert several signals
2Mbit/s
Teleprotection 2Mbit/s MUX
into one line
2Mbit/s
… are organised in several stages
to multiplex different bit rates.

•Multiplexers are connected to

OLTE to transmit the multiplexed
2Mbit/s signals to distant locations.
2Mbit/s
8Mbit/s
2Mbit/s MUX OLTE
OLTE:
2Mbit/s
Optical Line Terminal Equipment
Multiplexers - the evolution
OLTE
2Mbit/s
2Mbit/s
2Mbit/s
2Mbit/s
•By the end of the 20th century,
ITU-T introduced the SDH
DDF technology.
(i.e. cabling)
2Mbit/s

2Mbit/s

• … but still, most of the SDH

MUX

MUX

solution require

- an SDH transmission device

Teleprotection

Teleprotection
Data,

Data,
Voice,

Voice,

- a PDH access device

- connected by means of a DDF

Multiplexers - the evolution
2Mbit/s 2Mbit/s
2Mbit/s 2Mbit/s
8Mbit/s DDF 8Mbit/s
OLTE MUX 2Mbit/s (i.e. cabling) 2Mbit/s MUX OLTE

2Mbit/s

2Mbit/s
2Mbit/s 2Mbit/s

MUX

MUX
Teleprotection

Teleprotection
Voice,

Data,

Voice,

Data,
•FOX 515 was one of the first
SDH products…
FOX-U
… integrating PDH and SDH

… without the need of a DDF!

FOX 515 … providing tremendous capacity

to cope with new applications
Teleproteciton

such as
2Mbit/s

- IP traffic
Voice
Data

- video surveillance
- commercial Internet access
Why still PDH?
•Why is PDH still needed?

•The lowest bit-rate SDH defines is 2Mbit/s.

•PDH provides widely accepted and implemented standards to

transport voice and data signals over 64kBit/s channels

•Instead defining new standards for SDH, to encode voice and data,
G.703/G.704 together with a variety of other signals, PDH standards are
used

•FOX 515 allows to insert access signals in accordance to the relevant

PDH standards into SDH because it integrates SDH and PDH in one
single equipment
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
SONET SDH
(10 Gbit/s) STM-64 120’000 channels

x4
STS-48 2.5 Gbit/s STM-16 30’000 channels

x4 x4

STS-12 622 MBit/s STM-4 8’000 channels

x4 x4

STS-3 155 MBit/s STM-1 2’000 channels

x3

STS-1 51 MBit/s 2’000 channels

B 70 710 E (10.96)
1x 140 MBit/s
1x 45 MBit/s 3x 34 MBit/s 500 channels
7x 6 MBit/s
28x 1.5 MBit/s 63x 2 MBit/s 30 channels
Networks: FOX 515 Link
nx2 Mbit/s
Carrier STM-1 (1+1)
Network FOX 515 Multiplex Section Protection FOX 515

4X2 Mbit/s

FOX Party Line

FOX
Party Line

PBX UNIDA PBX

ALARM Data nx64 kbit/s
ALARM

HDSL
UNIDA Video
Data nx64 kbit/s LECAR
10 BaseT
ISDN BA
Video
FOX-U/M LAN
NT-1

So

POTS
 ADD DROP MULTIPLEXER(ADM)
• ADD DROP MULTIPLEXER(ADM)
Principles of Optical Transmission
Main Elements:
 Light Source  Multiplexer
 Light Receiver  Framing Concept
 Optical Cable  Interfaces

SENDER

IF OTx ORx IF

MUX optical cable MUX

ORx OTx

B 70 020 E (06.95)
RECEIVER
Long Distance Communication
0 ... +15dBm - 50dBm ... -35dBm
+3dBm

Pre Amp
Tx Rx

Booster
MUX MUX
Pre Amp

Rx T

Booster
x

200km and more

repeater-less
STATION A STATION B

B 70 170 E (11.95)
•- available optical power: 50 - 65 dB (incl. equipment margin)
•- cable attenuation: 0.22 dB/km (installed)
•- attenuation per splice: 0.01 dB/km (1 splice every 5 km)
•- lower limit of bit rate: 8 Mbit/s
• CROSS CONNECT EQUIPMENT
• Cross connect equipment functions as a semi
permanent switch for varying bandwidth control
it can pick out one or more lower order channels
for transmitting signal without transmission
channels
• Channels can be 64Kbps up to STM1
• Under software program the need of
demultiplexing
TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY

• RING Topology
• STAR Topology
• MESH Topology
 STRING/BUS/LINEAR TOPOLOGY

TM ADM
REG TM
ADM ADM

Aggregate signal (STM1/STM4/STM16)

Tributary (2/34/140Mbps/STM1(e)/ STM1(o))

signal
Introduction : optical modules
Standardization of Optical Modules
Introduction:
Optical Amplifier
Wave length: 1550 – 1560 nm

+15 dBm
- 6 to +4 dBm

Automatic shut down of the pump at loss of input signal

ALCATEL 1664 OA
 Optical modules & amplifiers used
JEYPORE JAYNAGAR THERUVALI

S-1.1 L-1.2JE
S-1.1
L-1.2JE L-1.2
8km
134km
72km

BANPUR
AKHUSINGA
NARENDRAPUR
L-1.2JE L-1.2 L-1.2
L-1.2JE
L-1.2 L-1.2JE
75km
134km
102km

MENDHASAL CHANDAKA SLDC

L-1.2JE S-1.1 S-1.1 S-1.1
S-1.1
16km 9km

N.B. Distance measured on OTDR