The Eight Parts of Speech

1. Noun
2. Pronoun
3. Adjective
4. Verb
5. Adverb
6. Conjunction
7. Preposition
8. Interjection
 • A noun is a person, place,
thing, or idea. The bakery has
• Nouns are the subject of a fresh baked
goods.
sentence.

Kylie is a pro-golfer.

Go back to
Eight Parts Love is a
of Speech
beautiful
The dog was thing.
lonely for me.
Move on

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Grammar Rocks Noun Video
NOUN
CATEGORIES OF NOUNS
Name
People of a person,
Mark placescitizen
or things. Aunt Jo

Places beach hotel Europe

Visible Things moose tree lightning

Ideas freedom religion friendship

Actions decision treatment punishment

Conditions health dismay happiness

Qualities wisdom strength courage

• Singular nouns name only one person, place, thing or
idea.
One apple, a pencil, the book
• Plural nouns name two or more persons, places,
things or ideas. Most singular nouns (Not ALL) are
made plural by adding –s. For example, (pencil is a
singular noun. The word pencils is a plural noun.)
Exception #1: If a noun ends with the –s, sh, ch, or x like
the words, kiss, church, ash or box, then they are made
plural by adding –es (kisses, churches, ashes, and
boxes).
Exception #2:There are also irregular nouns that do not
follow any rules. For example, the plural form of the
word child is children.
TYPES OF NOUNS
• Concrete Nouns
- Nouns that name people, places, or things
that can be seen or recognized through any of
the five senses.
Ex: Korea, book , snake

• Abstract Nouns
- Nouns that name other things such as ideas,
actions, conditions, and qualities.
Ex: freedom, religion, punishment

• Collective Nouns
- Used to name groups of people or things.
Ex: community, team, flock
• Common Nouns
- Names any one of a class of people, places or
things.
Ex: novelist, continent, city, planet

• Proper Nouns
- Names a specific person, place, or thing.
- Always begin with capital letters
Ex: Henry James, North America, Venus
• Compound Nouns
- A noun that is made up of more than one
word.

TYPES OF COMPOUND NOUNS

Separated Hyphenated Combined

fire engine commander-in- toothbrush

soap opera chief dishwasher
jack-of-all-trades
Activity
Directions: Identify if a word is a proper noun
or common noun.

1. Honda 6. United States

2. dog 7. mountain
3. author 8. country
4. Labor Day 9. Manuel Quezon
5. woman 10. toothpaste
 • A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a
noun.
▫ Examples: I, me, my, you, your, he, she, it , us, we,
they, them, his, her, their, mine, our, myself,
himself, herself, itself, yourself, themselves,
ourselves, who, whose, whom, anybody, anyone,
Go back to
Eight Parts
everybody, nobody, someone, somebody.
of Speech

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Grammar Rocks Pronoun Video
Personal Pronouns
• refer to (1) the person speaking, (2) the person
spoken to, or (3) the person, place or thing
spoken about.

Singular Plural
First Person I, me, my, mine we, us our, ours

Second Person you, your, yours you, your, yours

Third Person he, him, his, she, her, they, them, their,
hers, it, its theirs
Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns
Pronouns that ends in –self or –selves.
Singular Plural

First Person myself ourselves

Second Person yourself yourselves

Third Person himself, herself, themselves

itself
Reflexive Pronouns
 name a receiver of an action who is identical to
the doer of the action
it cannot be left out without changing the
meaning

Ex: Michael taught himself to play the piano.

Gloria bought herself a new pair of jeans.
Intensive Pronouns
emphasize a noun or another pronoun
 if an intensive pronoun is removed, a sentence
will still have the same meaning.
Ex: The President himself attended the gala
opening.
We spliced the film ourselves.
Demonstrative Pronouns
Pronouns That Point Out
 are also considered noun markers. They “point”
towards nouns
Singular Plural
this, that these, those

Before: That is the house I like to own.

Are these the colors I selected?
After: The girl asked for pie. This was her
favorite dessert.
I planted tulips and roses, but those did
Relative Pronouns
Pronouns that Relate
 refer to a person or thing already mentioned in
the sentence
that which who whom whose
Independent Subordinate
Clauses Clauses
He found the money that he had lost.

Carl is the secretary whom the class elected.

Interrogative Pronoun
 Pronouns That Ask Questions
used to begin a question
what which who whom whose
Ex: What did you say? Which of the answers is
best?
Who is on the telephone?
With whom did you wish to speak?
Mine is blue. Whose is red?
Indefinite Pronouns
 refer to non-specific persons and things
Singular Plural Singular or Plural
another much both all
anybody neither few any
anyone nobody many more
anything no one others most
each nothing several none
either one some
everybody other
everyone
somebody
everything
someone
Group Activity
Directions: Write the pronoun in each of the
following sentences. Then label each as
demonstrative, relative or interrogative.

(1) Who first discovered rings around a planet? (2) In

the early 1600’s, Galileo who was an Italian
astronomer, first saw rings around Saturn. (3) With
a small telescope, Galileo could not see clearly and
thought the things that appeared were satellites. (4)
Later, other astronomers, using more powerful
telescopes, saw these were rings. (5) In 1980,
scientists discovered the true nature of the rings,
which are actually made up of thousand pieces of
ice.
 • A verb is the action of the sentence. It shows
what someone or something is doing.

Go back to
Eight Parts
of Speech read

paint Move on

run

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Grammar Rocks Verb Video
Sue threw the ball.
The puppy is sick.
They were here.
Kinds of Verbs
• Action Verbs
- verbs that tells what action someone of
something is performing

Ex: Hank painted the tool shed.

She waited for a couple of hours.
 visible action (shouted; moves)
mental action ( forget; believe)
Transitive Verbs
 require a direct object in order to make sense

Ex: The camera took clear pictures.

Irene baked a cake for her mother.

* The word that receives the action of a transitive

verb is called the object of the verb.
Intransitive Verbs
 not need direct objects to make them
meaningful

Ex: Julio swims.

• Linking Verbs
- verbs link, or, join two or more words in a
sentence

Ex: Victoria was Queen from 1837 to 1901.

The feverish child is miserable.

 Other Verbs That Link
- also allow other words in the sentences to name
or describe the subjects of the sentences.

appear feel look seem sound taste

Ex: The grow
become
music sounded tuneless tostay
remain smell
her. turn
• Auxiliary Verbs
- Also called helping verbs and serves as support
to the main verb
Helping Verbs other than be
do have shall can
does has should could
did had will may
would might
must

- Ex: Tai has run everyday.

 Without Helping With Helping Verbs
Verbs

I talk on the telephone . . . I will talk on the

telephone.

He returned the book He should have returned

that book.
Activity
Directions: Write the verb in each sentence. Then, label
each as transitive or intransitive. Finally, write the
object of each transitive.

1. Someone answered that question.

2. We made lemonade for the picnic.
3. Linda waited patiently.
4. Charlie combed his hair before the dance.
5. Luis takes criticism very well.
6. Tran worked diligently on his term paper.
7. Sherry speaks four languages fluently.
8. The sun sets early in the winter.
9. History repeats itself.
10. Everyone doubts himself from time to time.
 • An adjective is a word that describes a noun or
pronoun. It tells what kind, how many, or which
one.

sour
limes
green
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Eight Parts
shirt
of Speech

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Grammar Rocks Adjective Video
What Do Adjectives Look Like?
Modification – the way an adjective describes a
word or makes it more specific
Adjectives answer the question:

 What Kind?
Ex: large couch lost boy
purple bag metallic foil
 Which One?
Ex: that necklace any number
other door last opportunity

 How many?
Ex: both apples some possibilities
five dollars frequent interruptions

 How much?
Ex: enough homework more fun
less effort adequate pay
 An adjective may come before or after the noun
or pronoun it modifies.
Before: The beautiful lady was in our house.
After: The lady in our house was beautiful.

 Two or more adjectives can modify one word.

Ex: Several large shaggy dogs were running on the
beach.
 Directions: Identify the adjective/ adjectives in the
sentence.
1. We visited our loving grandparents in Manila.
2. She was so gorgeous.
3. I brought three apples.
4. My sister gave me a wonderful gift.
5. They ate fresh vegetables.
6. The apple pie is delicious.
7. Some large tress fell in the storm.
8. Strong winds radiate from the eye of a hurricane.
9. His left arm is in a soft cast.
10. Fifty years is a short time in history.
 • An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an
adjective and another adverb by making its
meaning more specific.
The man sat
The fish alone.
Go back to
Eight Parts
of Speech
jumped
quickly from
the water.
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Grammar Rock Adverb Video
• Modifying Verbs
Philip sings loudly in the shower.
My dog waits impatiently for his food.

• Modifying Adjectives
The woman is quite pretty.
The book is more interesting than the last one.

• Modifying Adverbs
The student speaks too loudly.
She ran more quickly.
Position of Adverb
• An adverb that is modifying a verb can
sometimes be placed in different positions in
relation to the verb. An adverb that modifies an
adjective or another adverb, however must
immediately precede the word it modifies.
Activity
Directions: Write the adverb in each sentence.
1. We will be leaving for the movie soon.
2. Everyone thought the movie was too violent.
3. Some students have nearly completed their
papers.
4. Ann walks to the office daily.
5. I am thoroughly disgusted!
6. Please set the table properly.
7. The air condition is barely working.
8. In the spring, the grass grows too fast.
9. I got your letter yesterday.
10. She is speaking English fluently.
 • A preposition is a word that shows position or,
direction. Some examples are in, out, under,
over, after, out, into, up, down, for, and
between.

Go back to
Eight Parts
of Speech She worked
at her desk.

Move on
The sun was in
the sky.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L4jIC5HLBdM
Grammar Rocks Preposition Video
PREPOSITION
- is a word which expresses relationship of a noun
or pronoun to other words of the sentence
- usually short words, and they are normally
placed directly in front of nouns
- fall under 3 categories: place and position,
direction and motion, and time
- “glues” a noun or pronoun into a sentence
Ex: in, on, of, to, at, by, for, with, under, above,
into, onto, upon, about, behind, beside, before,
after, towards, inside, outside, below, around
• The mother of the kittens lives here.
(of shows relationship of mother to kittens)

• I will see you after lunch.

(after expresses the time relationship between
lunch and when will I see you)
Examples:

• I prefer to read in the library.

• He climbed up the ladder to get into the attic.
• Please sign your name on the dotted
line after you read the contract.
• Go down the stairs and through the door.
• He swam across the pool.
 • A conjunction is a word that joins words or word
groups together. Some examples conjunctions
are: and, but, or, nor, although, yet, so, either,
and also.

Go back to
Eight Parts
of Speech
We ate pizza and
drank pop for
Move on
dinner.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mkO87mkgcNo&feature=related
Grammar Rocks Conjunction Video
Three Kinds of Conjunctions:
1. Coordinating Conjunctions
There are seven coordinating conjunctions in
English. You can use the mnemonic
device f a n b o y s to remember them.
For AndNor But Or Yet So
2. Correlative Conjunctions
- also join ideas, but they work in pairs

Both…and neither…nor whether…or

either…or not only…but
also

Ex: Not only am I happy about the

grades, but I am also excited that you are
learning!
3. Subordinating Conjunctions
- join an independent clause to a subordinate
clause. That is, they join a clause that can stand
alone with a clause that cannot stand alone.
after, although, as, as if, because, before, even if,
even though, if, since, so that, though, unless,
until, when, whenever, where, wherever,
whether, while

Ex: Although the students were tired, they still

came to class.
 • Interjection- An interjection is a word that
shows strong emotion. Such examples are
Wow!, Ouch!, Hurray!, and Oh no!
• Interjections can really liven up a sentence.
They help to add voice to your writing.
Go back to
Eight Parts
of Speech

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Grammar Rocks Interjection Video
JOY: Hurray! We won
SURPRISE: Aha! I found it.
EXHAUSTION: Whew! That was
hard.
SORROW: She knew, alas, the
truth.