Barrameda

Infante
Peñol
Rodriguez
marine
boiler
boiler
-Is a closed vessel in which the
heat produced by combustion of
fuel is transferred to feed water to
generate steam.

-Boiler is a heat exchanger.

 boiler’s job?
MAKE HIGH
PRESSURE
STEAM
boiler
-Is a closed vessel in which the
heat produced by combustion of
fuel is transferred to feed water to
generate steam.

-Boiler is a heat exchanger.

BOILER MAIN
COMPONENTS
 BOILER MAIN
COMPONENTS

BURNER STEAM DRUM

FIREBOX CHAMBER
HEAT EXCHANGER EXPANSION TANK
burner
the burner is the
area where the air
mixes with your
fuel source and
combusts.
 CombustionChamber/
Firebox
this is the chamber where
the combustion from the
burner heats the heat
exchanger; this chamber
can reach temperatures of
several hundred degrees.
Heat exchanger
the heat exchanger
allows the heat from
the combustion
chamber to heat the
water in the boiler’s
tank.
Expansion tank
the expansion tank is
a small tank off the
main boiler that
helps protect your
system from
excessive pressure.
Steam drum
It is a reservoir of
water/steam at the top
end of the water tubes.
The drum stores the steam
generated in the water
tubes and acts as a phase-
separator for the
steam/water mixture.
chamber
placed below the steam-generating
part of a steamboiler, and
communicating by an upper and
a lower passage or passages with
the waterspace in the boiler. It is
usually of cylindrical form
(whence the name drum), and its
function is to collect the sand or
earthy matters deposited from
the water which is fed to the
boiler.
Types of Boiler
FIRE TUBE boiler
fire or hot gas is present inside the
tubes and water surrounds these fire
tubes
WATER TUBE boiler
Water is present inside the tubes and
fire or hot gas are inside the tubes
Advantages
Disadvantages
 Advantages
Disadvantages
STEAM PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE

PRESSURE EVAORATION RATE

FLOOR AREA COST

DESIGN
EFFICIENCY
WATER TREATMENT
Steam Production
Fire Tube Water Tube
-Very low, not -High, better and
suitable for power suitable for power
generation generation

- Higher rate
Pressure
Water Tube
Fire Tube 250 bar, high
working pressure
Operated at low
pressures up to 20
bar
Floor Area
Water Tube
Fire Tube It occupies
less floor space
-Requires more
floor area output
-Drum size is large
Efficiency
Water Tube
Fire Tube More efficient
Less efficient
Maintenance
Fire Tube Water Tube
-Parts not so easily
accessible for Easily accessible
cleaning for cleaning
-Various problems in If any tube is
case of explosion damaged, can be
-No problem of scale, easily repaired or
less problem
replace
Design
Water Tube
Fire Tube -COMPLEX DESIGN
-FURNACE CAN BE
-DRUM SIZE IS LARGE ALTERED
-FURNACE CAN’T BE -MORE SAFER DESIGN
ALTERED
-EXTERNALLY FIRED
-LARGE WATER CAPACITY
-ALMOST INTERNALLY
FIRED
-Water doesn’t circulate in a
definite direction
Evaporation Rate
Fire Tube
EVAPORATION RATE: 900
KG/HR
Water Tube
EVAPORATION RATE:
20000 – 50000 KG/HR
Cost
Fire Tube
LOW COST

Water Tube
More costly because of
construction and
transportation
Water Treatment
Fire Tube
WATER TREATMENT IS
LESS NECESSARY
Water Tube
BECAUSE OF ITS
DESIGN, WATER
TREATMENT IS
NECESSARY
FIRE TUBE
Advantages
-Lesser risk of bursting/ less chance Disadvantages
of explosion -Lower rate of steam production
-Not so necessary for water -Occupies more floor area
treatment

-Require less skill for efficient and -Difficulty in construction and

economic working transportation

-Simple in design, easy to erect and -Various parts not so easily

low maintenance cost accessible for cleaning

-Used in process industry -Not suitable for power plants

WATER TUBE
Advantages
-Higher rate of steam production
-Occupies less floor area
-Easy in construction and
transportation
-Various parts are more accessible
Suitable for power plants
Disadvantages
-Because of high pressure,
there’s a great risk of bursting/
less chance of explosion
-More necessary for water
treatment
-Require more skill for efficient
and requires more attention
-COMPLEX DESIGN, difficult to
erect and high maintenance cost