INTRODUCTION AND

DEFINING
GLOBALIZATION
DERICK D. DE GUZMAN, LCB
LEARNING OUTCOMES:

At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

1. Agree on a working definition of globalization for the course
2. Differentiate the competing conceptions of globalization
3. Narrate a personal experience of globalization
WHY STUDY THIS COURSE?

• To cure/avoid parochialism
• World teaches us more about our society
• Filipinos increasingly interacting with the world
• OFW 4,018 Filipinos per day in 2009, 6,092 in 2015
• Internet, cheaper travel, presence of MNCs
SHARING OF MINDMAPS ABOUT
GLOBALIZATION
CONCEPTS/DEFINITIONS
DIFFERENTIATING CONCEPTIONS OF
GLOBALIZATION
• Academic: interdisciplinary approach; sees the process through various lenses that
consider multiple theories and perspectives
• Political Activists: challenge to the nation-state
• Economists: increased free trade; speed of trade; global economic organizations
• Scholar of culture and communication: global village; communications technology as
“shrinking” our world; cultural imperialism
HOW DO WE BRING THESE VARIOUS PERSPECTIVES
TOGETHER?
Working definition of globalization:

According to Manfred Steger, “Globalization

refers to the expansion
and intensification of social relations and consciousness
across world-time and world-space”
VARIOUS FORMS OF CONNECTIVITY

• They are diverse (can be economic, political, cultural, etc.)

• They are enabled by various factors, pressures, media, etc.
• They are uneven (different degrees of interconnection)
EXPANSION AND STRETCHING OF SOCIAL
RELATIONS
Expansion refers to “both the creation of new social networks and the multiplication of
existing connections that cut across traditional political, economic, cultural, and geographic
boundaries

• NGOs
• Government associations
• MNCs
INTENSIFICATION AND ACCELERATION OF SOCIAL
EXCHANGES AND ACTIVITIES
Intensification refers to the expansion, stretching, and acceleration of these networks

• From snail mail to Facebook

• Live television
• Increased travels (cheap flights)
OCCURS SUBJECTIVELY

• We think about the world

• We associate ourselves with global trends
• We feel some sense of responsibility
GLOBALIZATION IS UNEVEN
YOUR GLOBALIZATION STORY

How have you experienced globalization?