CAMBRIDGE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

K.R.PURAM BANGALORE-560036
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

A Technical Seminar [15ECS86] on:

“MULTI-MISSION RADAR”

From Seminar Guide

PRAVEEN KUMAR S S Mr. RAVIKUMAR M

(1CD16EC075) Assistant Professor
Dept. of ECE
 CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 LITERATURTE SURVEY
 IMPLEMENTATION
 APPLICATION AND ADVANTAGES
 EVALUATION
 CONCLUSION
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
 INTRODUCTION
• Radar is an electromagnetic system for the detection
and location of target objects.

• A radar framework has a transmitter that emits radio

waves known as radar flags in many ways.

• The MMR Multi-Mission Radar is a highly-mobile,

stand-alone radar that provides the soldier with
multi-mission target acquisition in a single system.
• the HISAR-300 radar offers several performance
enhancements and was developed by Raytheon
in mid 1990’s.

• IoSiS uses a variety of different antennas are

operated to establish communication links with
manifold satellites developed at DLR ground
station Weilheim, Germany.

• A crucial UAV based SAR application in vision is

the detection of buried hazards.
 LITERATURE SURVEY

• HISAR-300: An Advanced Airborne Multi-Mission

Surveillance Radar, written by Dr. C.Y. Chang, Harry
Forry.

• IoSIS – A high performance experimental imaging

radar for space surveillance, written by Simon Anger,
Matthias Jirousek, Stephan Dill .

• Development of Planar Active Phased Array Antenna

for Detecting and Tracking Rada,r written by Ki-Ho
Kim, Hyun Kim.
 IMPLEMENTATION

• Radar uses radio waves to detect the targets.

• The radio waves used by radar are produced by a

piece of equipment called a magnetron.

• The radio waves used by radar typically range from

about a few centimetres to a meter.
 Types of radars

• HISAR-300.
• IoSIS.
• Drone carried multichannel synthetic
aperture radar.
 HISAR-300
• The HISAR-300 radar is capable of collecting data
from both sides of the flight path, one side at a
time.

• It takes no more than 10 seconds to switch sides.

• The HISAR-300 radar provides an overland

surveillance mode suite and a maritime
surveillance mode suite described in the following
A) HISAR-300 Radar Overland Surveillance Modes

• A SAR Spot mode and three SAR Strip modes are used
for high resolution imaging of stationary targets.
• A Wide Area GMTI mode is used for detection of
ground moving targets.

SAR Spot image of Victorville Airport in southern California

B) HISAR-300 Radar Maritime Surveillance Mode

• In addition to the SAR and GMTI modes described above, the

HISAR-300 radar has an option to provide search, track, and
imaging of sea surface vessels to support maritime surveillance
missions.
• Both MS and MTA modes include a maritime tracker which not
only forms target tracks but also reduces false alarm rates.
009-4471210

Maritime Surveillance Mode result.

 IoSIS (Imaging of Satellites In Space) Radar

• The fixed ground-based IoSIS radar system is using a steerable

antenna to follow a space object on its orbit path during the
pass

• It uses a large azimuth integration angle, i.e. a large synthetic

aperture, is desirable in order to get a high azimuth resolution

• Secondly, this range of observation angle provides as much as

possible backscatter responses from the space object, which
will not be available for small angle ranges

• In present implementation of the IoSIS system the DLR multi-

purpose advanced X band radar system GigaRad is used
• The Tx channel of the radar is connected to a high-
power amplifier (HPA)

• The Rx antennas are connected via low-noise

amplification

• The bandwidth is the maximum possible

instantaneous bandwidth allowing range resolutions
up to 3.4 cm
3) Drone carried multichannel synthetic aperture
radar

• In the past decades various different investigations

using ground-based SAR for buried-object detection
have been used.

• Nowadays even more advanced system suchas

drones/UAVs can be used to produce additionally very
high bistatic or multistatic incidence angles.

• This system consists of two main parts

A) UAV – system components

• used UAV is a customized version of a DJI Matrices 600pro

drone.
• It is able to fly about 15 minutes carrying a payload of 6 kg.
• The UAV is equipped with RTK GPS modules and an IMU.

B) Sensor payload – system components

• a high resolution 4K camera

• the radar system including the antenna frontend (Tx and Rx
antenna)
• the overall system control, and the drone independent
power supply
RADAR MODULE AND AUXILIARY COMPONENTS

1) Signal generation module

• The signal generation is based on Direct Digital Synthesis
(DDS) providing almost arbitrary Tx signal
• The DDS synthesizes the output signal in a frequency range
from 0.25 GHz to 1.5 GHz. With the frequency double F1
the desired range from 0.5 GHz to 3 GHz is achieved

2) Transmit channel
• The generated signal is routed to the Tx channel.
• The input power level is ≈ -3 dBm, To provide the intended
output power
 DATA PROCESSING
• The range profiles are recorded in time domain
for complete bandwidth.
• In order to get a well-focused ISAR image, a
couple of subsequent signal processing steps
have to be carried out.
• Due to the large range migration of a passing
satellite, the receive window of length 5 km has
to be shifted successively to the actual distance to
the satellite.
• A large range area can be covered with a small
receive window leading to considerably reduced
amount of sampled data.
 APPLICATIONS

• Air Traffic Control (ATC)

• Military area
• Aircraft Navigation
• Ship Navigation and Safety
• Space
• Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment
• Law Enforcements
• Remote sensing and Environment
 ADVANTAGES
• It provides superior penetration capability through
any type of weather condition, and can be used in
the day or night time.
• Radar uses electromagnetic wave that does not
require a medium
• Very flexible
• Can often select fastest target, or best reflection
• very reliable
• Two Directional mode
 EVALUATION

• The IRP is the brain of the entire radar system

• It is an integrated radar backend unit that encompasses

several radar functions including Receiver, Exciter, Controller,
Signal Processor, and Servo Control functions.

• The radar is controlled by the operationally proven Data

Analysis Work Station (DAWS) which can operate from a
ground station for a remotely piloted aircraft or alternatively
in the air on a manned aircraft

• One of the major aspects of radar performance which is

evaluated in trials is tracking
 CONCLUSION & FUTURE SCOPE
• The radar is used to find velocity, range and position of the object.

• Advantage of RADAR is that it provides superior penetration

capability through any type of weather condition.

• It provides several important capabilities: high-resolution imaging of

stationary targets, detection and tracking

• Its size, weight, power, and cooling are suitable for installation on a
variety of aircraft

• The system will be used for data collection and modifications to

explore suitable modern radar concepts like multi-channel and
multi-static approaches.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[1] R. W. Bayma, “Highly Integrated Synthetic Aperture Radar,

“1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing
Symposium, Volume 3, pp. 1615-1617, May 1996.
[2] M.G. Czerwinski, J.M. Usoff: “Development of the Haystack
Ultrawideband Satellite Imaging Radar”, Lincoln Laboratory
Journal, Vol. 1 No. 1, 2014.
[3] H. Talisa, K.W. O’haver, T.M. Comberiate, M. D. Sharp and O.F.
Somerlock, “Benfits of digital phased array radars,”
Proceeding of IEEE, Vol. 104, no. 3, pp. 530-543, Mar. 2016
 [4] C. Fischer, M. Younis, W. Wiesbeck, "Multistatic
GPR data acquisition and imaging", Proc. of the
International Conference on Geoscience and
Remote Sensing, IGARSS 2002, Toronto, Canada,
24.-28. June, 2002.
[5] Perera, Sudantha, Yu Pan, Yan Zhang, Xining Yu,
Dusan Zrnic, and Richard Doviak. "A fully reconfigurable
polarimetric phased array antenna testbed.“
International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2014.
THANK YOU