Parameter and

Statistic
Parameter

A parameter
   is a measure that describes a population. Parameters are usually
denoted by Greek Letters.

Population mean -
Population variance -
Population Standard Deviation -
Statistics

Statistics
   is a measure that describes a sample. Statistics are usually denoted by
Roman letters.
Sample mean -
Sample variance -
Sample standard deviation -
  
The population mean is the mean of the entire


population. It is represented by the Greek letter

mu and is computed using the formula:

Where x = given data

N = population size
Example 1

  

The numbers of workers in six outlets of

a fast food restaurant are 12, 10, 11,
15, 12, and 14. Treating these data as a
population, find the population mean .
Population Variance and Population
Standard Deviation
Variance
   and standard deviation are widely used measures of dispersion of data
in research.
Formula for Population Variance

N = population size Note:

x = given data Standard deviation is the square
= population mean root of the population variance.
Example 2

The following are ages of the 16 Math teachers at Archimedes Secondary School.
30 34 32 38 28 36 40 31
35 34 33 30 37 40 30 40

Compute the following:

a. Population Variance
b. Population Standard Deviation
The Sample Mean

The  sample
 mean is the average of all the values randomly selected from the
population. That is,

x = sample data
n = sample size
Example

The following are ages of the 16 Math teachers at Archimedes Secondary School.
30 34 32 38 28 36 40 31
35 34 33 30 37 40 30 40

Compute the sample mean.

The population mean of the given data was already
computed. Assume that a researcher randomly selected
only 12 out of the 16 Math teachers at Archimedes
Secondary School. Assume that the data below are
those that were randomly selected.

34, 38, 28, 36, 40, 31, 35, 34, 33, 30, 40, 40
 Student Scores
1 25
Example 3 2 22
3 23
4 28

Scores of the 15 5
6
29
30

Sampled 7
7
8
31
31
24
8 24
Grade 9 students 9
9
10
32
32
33
10 33
11
11 32
32
12
12 39
39
13
13 40
40
14
14 34
34
15
15 48
48
Sample Variance and Sample Standard
Deviation
The  sample
 variance is the sum of the squared deviation of each data from the
sample mean divided by n – 1. It is uses the following formula:

Standard Deviation:
Example 4

Calculate the sample variance and sample

standard deviation of the 12 randomly
selected data in the previous example on
the ages of the 16 Math teachers at
Archimedes Secondary School.
Example 5
The following are the scores of 8 randomly selected
students in Grade 10.
7, 8, 12, 15, 10, 11, 9, and 14.
Compute the following:
a. Sample Mean
b. Sample Variance
c. Sample Standard Deviation
Alternative
   formula for finding the sample variance:

Alternative formula for finding the standard deviation:

Example: Calculate the sample variance and the
sample deviation of the data in the previous example
using the alternative method.
Give sample of the population.

1. The doctors in Cebu City

2. The students in St. Lawrence Academy
3. The drivers in the highway of Mandaue City
Seatwork:
1. The following are the heights to the nearest centimeter of 15 English teachers in St. Joseph’s
School of Mactan.
162 160 152
164 154 153
163 155 161
165 156 165
166 160 151
Compute the following:
a. Population Mean
b. Population Variance
c. Population standard deviation
2.The IQ of 10 randomly selected senior high school
students are given below:
102 125 120 128 116
108 124 115 109 99
Compute the following:
a. Sample Mean
b. Sample Variance
c. Sample Standard Deviation