SIMPLE : PRESENT AND PAST

A. The Differences between Indonesian and English :

1. English has 16 tenses, while Indonesian doesn’t.
2. English has ‘tobe’ for nominal sentence, and auxilliary
verb (kkb) for verbal sentence, while Indonesian
doesn’t.
3. Etc.

B. Simple Sentence Pattern: S + P

P can be action verbs or linking (verb) be

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C. Pattern
Subject + Tobe + Non Action (adjective, noun, adverb)
Subject + Verb (Action/ Condition)

Tobe Present : am, is, are Tobe Past : was, were

Kkb Present : do, does Kkb Past : did

D. Examples
Present : I am a student. (linking verb/be)
Past : I was a student two years ago.

Present : I go to campus every day. V1 (Action verb)

Past : I went to campus yesterday. V2
E. The Changes into (-) and (?)
(+) dr.Ema is very friendly.
(- ) dr.Ema is not (isn’t) very friendly.
(?) Is dr.Ema very friendly? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.

(+) Mr.Dick takes his wife to the clinic.

(- ) Mr.Dick doesn’t take his wife to the clinic.
(?) Does Mr.Dick take his wife to the clinic? Yes, he does. /
No, he doesn’t.

(+) I went to campus yesterday.

( -) I didn’t go to campus yesterday.
(?) Did you go to campus yesterday? Yes, I did. /No, I didn’t.
 Pronouns
Subject Object Possessive Possessive
Adjective Reflective
I me my mine

You

We

They

He

She

It
G. Exercise :
a) Classify the words below into the part of speech :
1. Win 11. In Emergency Room
2. Programmer 12. Check
3. Energetic 13. Busy
4. In the boarding house 14. Write
5. On Sunday 15. Read
6. Get 16. Security
7. Type 17. Protect
8. Dry 18. Have
9. Generous 19. Want
10. Fat 20. At 10 o’clock
In this exercise you have to put the verb into the correct form!
1. The post office..............(open) at 07.30 and ..............
(close) at 5.00 every day.
2. Where .........(your father/ come) from? He..............(come)
from East Java.
3. Gery’s father ..............(teach) him how to drive when he
was 17.
4. We ...........(not/ invite) him at the meeting because he .....
(tobe) still in Kalimantan last week.
5. .........your manager ...........(ask) the employees to continue
their study at that time?
6. Amru usually ..............(watch) television in his leisure.
7. ..........(tobe) you absent from the translation class two
weeks ago?
8. I ..........(not/ understand) his plans about this new
project.
9. Where.............(tobe) you last night?
10.Shinta sometimes............(write) articles about
education in Indonesia.
11.Statistics .........(tobe) a difficult course for people to
understand.
12.My daughters’ instructor ............(seem) very
competent.
13.I’m sorry. I ............(not/ finish) my homework.
14.I ..........(tobe) in bed when you........(come) last
night.
15.If they.........(tobe) hungry, they usually ..........(go)
to my sister’s food stall.
16.What........you ..........(do) last night?
 A B C D
Anthony Susan Arthur Cassandra

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