2-5

Reasoning
in
Algebra and
Geometry

2.5 Reasoning in Alg and

2.5 Reasoning in Alg and
Vocabulary

• Property
• Reflexive
• Symmetric
• Transitive
• Distributive
• Congruence

2.5 Reasoning in Alg and

Properties of Equality.

2.5 Reasoning in Alg and

Remember that the distributive property
is simply a fancy word for multiplying
(just have to do it two times or more).

Distribute means to give something away

to multiple items. You can distribute just
signs as well, so keep that in mind.

2.5 Reasoning in Alg and

 Problem
1:

What is the value of x? Justify each step.

2.5 Reasoning in Alg and

 Problem 1 Solution:

Statement Reason

2.5 Reasoning in Alg and

More Properties:

* You must ALWAYS provide the reasons to your

statements or no credit will be earned.

2.5 Reasoning in Alg and

PROOFS:
A convincing argument that uses
deductive reasoning. To make a strong
argument you must not have gaps in your
proof.

A proof logically shows why a conjecture

is true.

Example:
Statement D is true because statements
A, B, and C followed a logical pattern
allowing then for D to be true too.

2.5 Reasoning in Alg and

Steps for setting up a
proof:
1. Write down the given as Statement and Reason 1.

2. If there is information regarding equal and

congruency signs, fill that information into your picture

3. Look at your given, if there are vocabulary words in

your given, those words should tell you something
vital about your problem so write down what you learn
from your vocabulary words in statements 2-….
your reasons will usually be definition of ________.

4. From what you learned using your vocabulary

indicate any equality or congruency statements within
your picture.

2.5 Reasoning in Alg and

Steps for setting up a
proof:
5. Look at your picture now, does it deal with angles or
segments?
If angles you will probably use angle addition postulate.
If segments you will probably use segment addition postulate.
(eventually this will not always be the case, but we want to write
down what we are able to verify by the pictures arrangement)

6. Now you want to look at the several statements that you

have made from the above steps and see if you can combine
them to make a new statement.

7. That new statement may lead to what you want to prove or it

may lead to an additional statement that may be needed for you
to prove what you need to prove.

2.5 Reasoning in Alg and

This is the idea:

2.5 Reasoning in Alg and

Use a Two-Column Proof:

2.5 Reasoning in Alg and

Given

Reflexive Property of Equality

Addition Property of Equality
Angle Addition Postulate
Angle Addition Postulate

Substitution
Property

2.5 Reasoning in Alg and

Problem 2:

2.5 Reasoning in Alg and

 Problem 2 Solution:

Statement Reason

1. AB  CD Given

2. BC  CB Reflexive Property of
Equality
3. AC  AB  BC Segment Additions
Property
4. BD  BC  CD Segment Additions
Property
5. BD  BC  AB Substitution Property

6. BD  AC Equality Property
2.5 Reasoning in Alg and
Problem 3:

2.5 Reasoning in Alg and

 Problem 3 Solutioin:

Given
Definition of Midpoint

Substitution
2x = 12
Division Property of
Equality
2.5 Reasoning in Alg and
Lesson Check

2.5 Reasoning in Alg and

Lesson Check

2.5 Reasoning in Alg and