REPRODUCTION IN ORGANISMS

Prepared by M.C.BINDYA
 MAJOR CONCEPTS
• Introduction

• Asexual Reproduction

• Sexual Reproduction
 Introduction
• Life span- The period from birth to the
natural death of an organism
• Here are the approx lifespans of 1. Banana plant- 25 years
some animals and plants
1. Elephant- 70 years 2. Rice plant- 4 months
2. Dog-13 years 3. Rose- 7 years
3. Horse- 22 years 4. Banyan tree- 200 years
4. Crocodile- 60 years
5. Tortoise- 150 years
6. Cow- 22 years
7. Crow- 15 years
8. Parrot- 140 years
9. Butterfly- 2 weeks
10. Fruitfly- 40 days
 REPRODUCTION-
A biological process in which an
organism gives rise to young ones

There are two types

SEXUAL
Asexual
 ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
• In this method of reproduction young ones are
produced from a single parent without the
fusion of gametes.
• Clone- The young ones are called clones
because they are morphologically and
genetically similar.
 Types of Asexual Reproduction

1. Cell division budding

Binary fission
2. By zoospores- 5. By vegetative
examples-fungi, algae propagation- eg
like chlamydomonas potato(eyes),
3. By conidia- eg ginger(rhizome),
penicillium Agave(bulbil),
4. By gemmules- in Bryophyllum(-leaf
sponges Buds), water
hyacinth(offset)
• Refer: pages-6,7 figures
in text
 More about vegetative propagation
• In this method, the • Vegetative propagules-
vegetative parts of the runner(grass),
plant is used for sucker(banana plant),
reproduction tuber(potato),
• The parts used are also offset(water hyacinth),
called vegetative bulb(Agave)
propagules.
• The process is asexual
as only single parent is
used
TERROR OF BENGAL- water hyacinth
• It is called terror, as they
drain oxygen from water
and leads to death of
fishes
• It vegetatively propagates
by offset and spreads all
over the water body in
short period of time
• It is difficult to get rid of
them
Water hyacinth
 nodes
• The points on the stem
from which new branches
and leaves arises are
called nodes
• The reason why potato,
ginger,sugarcane,banana,
dahlia can vegetatively
propagate is because they
have nodes on their stems
• In potato nodes are called
eyes.
• If nodes are removed
these stems cannot
propagate