MAULANA AZAD NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY

MINOR PROJECT

Design & Analysis of Interleaved Boost convertor

for Renewable energy sources
 Submitted by :
• Jitendra Goyal
• Naman Bansal
• Harshit Gupta
• Adarsh Tomar
 Abstract
• Nowadays, there is a demand to increase the power generation capacity
because of steadily rising electrical energy consumption. In order to achieve
this, renewable energy sources are the best option. Among all the
renewable energy sources, solar power generation system tops the list. For
increasing the output of these sources we need a suitable boost converter.
Interleaved boost converter (IBC) is one of such converter which consists of
several identical boost converters connected in parallel and controlled by
interleaved method, which has same switching frequency and phase shift.
The advantages of using IBC over conventional boost converter are
increased efficiency, improved reliability, reduced current peak value and
these converter cells have good current sharing characteristics. The
proposed method provides the increased output voltage along with
efficiency. The proposed strategies have been verified with the help of
MATLAB/SIMULINK.
 About Boost Convertor
• A Boost converter is a switch mode DC to DC converter in which the output voltage is
greater than the input voltage. It is also called as step up converter. The name step up
converter comes from the fact that analogous to step up transformer the input voltage is
stepped up to a level greater than the input voltage. By law of conservation of energy the
input power has to be equal to output power (assuming no losses in the circuit).
•                                              Input power (Pin) = output power (Pout)
• SinceVin < Vout in a boost converter, it follows then that the output current is less than the
input current. Therefore in boost converter
•                                                      Vin < Vout and Iin >Iout
• Principle of operation of Boost converter
• The main working principle of boost converter is that the inductor in the input circuit
resists sudden variations in input current. When switch is OFF the inductor stores energy
in the form of magnetic energy and discharges it when switch is closed. The capacitor in
the output circuit is assumed large enough that the time constant of RC circuit in the
output stage is high. The large time constant compared to switching period ensures a
constant output voltage Vo(t) = Vo(constant)
 DISADVANTAGE OF BOOST
• Large output capacitor is required to reduce
ripple voltage as output current is pulsating.
• Low efficiency.
• Large Input Current Ripple.
 COMPARISON BETWEEN BOOST AND IBC

PARAMETERS BOOST CONVERTOR IBC

Input Ripple Current 1.78% 0.06%

Inductor Ripple Current 13.8% 5.35%

Output Voltage 8.1% 0.03%

Efficiency
BOOST CONVERTOR
 INTRODUCTION of IBC
• The Interleaved boost converter has high voltage step up, reduced
voltage ripple at the output, low switching loss, reduced
electromagnetic interference and faster transient response. Also, the
steady-state voltage ripples at the output capacitors of mc are
reduced. Though IBC topology has more inductors increasing the
complexity of the converter compared to the conventional boost
converter it is preferred because of the low ripple content in the input
and output sides. In order to reduce this complexity, this paper
investigates the benefits of coupled, uncoupled and inversely
inductors for mc. Detailed analysis has been done to study the ripple
content of all the three types of the converter. The suitable mc for fuel
cell applications is proposed. Gating pulses are generated using pulse
generator. Simulations have been performed to validate the concepts.
ADVANTAGES OF IBC OVER BOOST
• 1. Increased output voltage and efficiency.
• 2. Good current sharing characteristics.
• 3. Reduced current peak value.
• 4. Improved reliability.
• 5. Low input current ripple.
• 6. LOW OUTPUT VOLTAGE RIPPLE
 OPERATION OF IBC
• Since as we are using two phases the converter is driven 180 degrees out
of phase, this is because the phase shift is given by 360/n. where n stands
for number of phases. Hence its clear that the phase shift is depends the
number of phases used. When gate pulse is given to the first for time t1,
the current across the inductor rises and energy is stored in the inductor.
When the switch s1 in the first phase turned off, the energy stored is
transferred to the load through the output diode SD1. The inductor and
the capacitor serve as voltage sources to extend the voltage and to reduce
the voltage stress on the switch. The increasing current rate across the
output diode is controlled by inductances the phases. Now the gate pulse
is given to the second phase during the period t1 to t2 when the switch in
the first phase is turned off. When the switch in the second phase turned
ON the inductor charges for the same time and transfers energy to the
load in the similar way as in the first phase. Therefore two phases feed the
load continuously. Thus the proposed converter operates in continuous
conduction mode.
•  
Circuit diagram of IBC
 Related formulaes
(a) Selection of Inductor
L=(Vin*D*T)/∆Iph

(b)Determination of phase current ripple

 ∆Iph=[(Vin*D*T){1+α+2 α*(D/D-1)}]/L*(1+ α-2 α 2)

(c) Design of output filter

C= V0DT/R∆ V0
(d) Mutal indcutance
Lm= αL

(e) Determination of input current ripple 

∆Iin =[(Vin*D*T){(1- α)(1-(2D/1-D))}]/L*(1+ α-2 α2)

 
(f) Output voltage of IBC
V0= Vin/(1-D)
  
 Abbrevations
• Vin = input voltage
• D= duty cycle
• T= time period
• L = inductance
• Lm = mutual inductance
• α= coefficient of coupling
• ∆Iin = input current ripple
• ∆Iph = phase current ripple
• V0 = output voltage of convertor
• C= capacitance(filter)
• R = load resistance
 Values taken :

• Vin = 20volt
• D= 0.5
• F=2kHz
• L1 =L2=4.3mH
• Lm = 7mH
• α= 0.61
• C= 780microF
• R = 3.2ohm
 Conclusion
• Interleaved Boost Convertor has so many
advantages and is suitable convertor for renewable
energy applications.
• The comparasion between Boost convertor & IBC
using simulation has been shown in previous table.
• It is demonstrated that IBC effectively reduces the
overall ripple current compare to that of boost
convertor .
• Therefore, IBC is suitable choice for fuel cells.
 References
• Paper of International Conference on
Computing, Electronics & Electrical
Technologies(ICCEET) 2012
• International Research Journal of Engineering
& Technology(IRJET) , july 2016
–Thank you