A

Technical Seminar
ON
MICROGRID
Submitted by
M SAI VAMSI – 16691A0245
Under the Guidance of
Dr. VISHWANATHA SIDDHARATHA
Associate Professor,
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering.

MADANAPALLE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY &SCIENCE

(UGC – AUTONOMOUS)
(Affiliated to JNTUA, Ananthapuramu, Approved by AICTE, New Delhi)
AN ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institution
P.B.No. 14, Angallu, Madanapalle – 517325, Chittoor Dist., Andhra Pradesh, India.
2016 – 2020
OUTLINE
 Introduction to Microgrid.
 Microgrid Operating Modes.
 The Need of Microgrid.
 Interconnected Micro grids.
 Environmental Aspects.
 Conventional Grid versus Microgrid.
 Advantages & Disadvantages of Microgrid.
 Future Directions on Microgrid Research.
 References.
INTRODUCTION TO MICROGRID

 What is Microgrid?
 It is a small-scale power supply network that is designed to provide power for
a small community.
 It comprises of various small power generating sources that makes it highly
flexible and efficient.
 It is connected to both the local generating units and the utility grid thus
preventing power outages.
 Excess power can be sold to the utility grid.
 Size of the Microgrid may range from housing estate to municipal regions.
INTRODUCTION TO MICROGRID

 MICROGRID COMPONENTS :
 Distributed Generation
 Loads
 Energy Storage Systems
 Controller
 Point of common coupling
 Mode Switching Device
 Static Disconnect Switch
MICROGRID OPERATING MODES
 Grid connected Mode:
 Utility grid is active
 Static switch is closed
 Island Mode:
 Utility grid is not supplying power
 Static switch is open
ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM

 ESS include electrochemical battery, super capacitor, compressed air energy

storage, flywheel energy storage etc..

 ESS plays an important role in Microgrid .

 ESS increases the reliability of power system .

 Sizing of ESS to be considered first when considering in Microgrid .

 ESS store energy at the time of surplus and redispatch it when needed .
The Need Of Microgrid

 Microgrid could be the answer to our energy crisis.

 Transmission losses gets highly reduced.

 Microgrid results in substantial savings and cuts emissions without major

changes to lifestyles.

 Provide high quality and reliable energy supply to critical loads.

Interconnected Micro grids

 Practical size of Micro grids is limited to few MVA.

 For larger loads, it is desirable to interconnect many Micro grids to form a

larger micro grid network called Power Parks.

 The advantages of this Microgrid structure insures greater stability and

controllability for the Power Parks.
Environmental Aspects

 Microgrid encourages the use of the renewable energy sources

 Large land use impacts are avoided.

 CO2 emissions are reduced

Conventional grid vs. Microgrid

 Efficiency of conventional grid is very low as compared to Microgrid.

 Large amount of energy in the form of heat is wasted in conventional grid.

 Power sources in case of Microgrid are small and are located in close
proximity to load
Advantages & Disadvantages
 ADVANTAGES
 A major advantage of a Microgrid is its ability, during a utility grid
disturbance, to separate and isolate itself from the utility seamlessly with
little or no disruption to the loads within the Microgrid.

 In peak load periods it prevents utility grid failure by reducing the load on
the grid.

 Significant environmental benefits made possible by the use of low or zero

emission generators.
Advantages & Disadvantages

 DISADVANTAGES
 Voltage, frequency and power quality are three main parameters that must
be considered and controlled to acceptable standards whilst the power and
energy balance is maintained.

 Electrical energy needs to be stored in battery banks thus requiring more

space and maintenance.

 Resynchronization with the utility grid is difficult.

Future Directions on Microgrid Research

 To investigate full-scale development , field demonstration, experimental

performance evaluation of frequency and voltage control methods under
various operation modes.

 Transition between grid connected and islanded modes on interaction

phenomena between distribution generation and high penetration of
distributed generation.

 Transformation of Microgrid system today into the intelligent, robust energy

delivery system in the future by providing significant reliability and security
benefits.
CONCLUSION

 Microgrid gives impetus to the use of renewable

sources of energy.

 Reliability is achieved due to decentralization of

supply.

 In an event of power grid failure Microgrid is one

of the best alternative.
THANK YOU