PERFORM HAIR PERMING

What is hair perming?

 A perm is a process where
your hairstylist treats your hair
with a chemical to alter the
structure and permanently
wave or curl your
hair.
Fundamentals of Hair Perming
A permanent wave, commonly
called a perm or "permanent"
(sometimes called a "curly perm" to
distinguish it from a "straight perm"),
is a hairstyle consisting of waves or
curls set into the hair. The curls may
last a number of months,
hence the name.
Perms may be applied using thermal
or chemical means. In the latter method,
chemicals are applied to the hair, which
is then wrapped around forms to
produce waves and curls. The same
process is used for chemical
straightening or relaxing, with the hair
being flattened instead of curled during
the chemical reaction.
 SCALP ANALYSIS
 Scalp Irritation- People with chemically
treated hair are prone to having hair loss and
breakage due to the damage sustained.
Chemical relaxers are used on the roots of
the hair. Because they are so close to the
scalp, there have been a few studies showing
that these relaxers could actually include
balding and hair loss. The chemicals used,
could also irritate the scalp causing it to be
dry, scaly, or sometimes even red.
Hair analysis is an important element of
client consultation helping you to determine
the condition of the hair and scalp.
Always explain any procedure before starting a
treatment, if there is any doubt about the end of
result, the client must be informed. It is
recommendation that a diagnostic record card be used
to record all aspect of consultation. It may be
appropriate to ask the client to sign a document,
stating they are in agreement with the suggested
course of action and are aware of any reservation you
may have.
 HAIR POROSITY
Porosity- is a measure of the
hair’s capacity to absorb
moisture or chemical. Damage
hair (usually negatively
charged) will be highly porous,
with an open cuticle layer
exposing the inner cortex.
 HAIR POROSITY
Hair in this condition will dull and dry and
may be prone in breaking. The more porous
hair is, the faster a treatment will take affect,
and processing times should be adjusted
accordingly.
Ideally damage, very porous hair need to be
cut out before colouring or perming goes
ahead. Sometimes porosity will vary; this is
particularly common in long hair, with oily
roots and dry ends.
 HAIR TEXTURE
Hair texture describes the
circumferences of your hair. There are
three different hair texture types- fine,
medium and thick. Each hair texture
type has its own traits that set apart
from other hair textures and influence
the care or treatment it may
need.
TYPES OF HAIR TEXTURE
 Fine hair- is the most fragile
hair texture. Each individual
hair is thin and only has two
hair layer; cortex (the outer
layer of the body) and cuticle.
If you have this type of the hair
type, you might find it hard to keep
your hair in style, or it might get oily
easily. And as you probably know,
too much product will weigh this
hair texture down, making it break
easily.
 Type of hair texture
 Medium hair- is what most people
have and thicker than the fine hair. The
individual hairs have the same two layers
that fine hair has , but may also have the
third one the medulla. Medium hair can
keep hairstyles better, looks thicker and is
more resistant to breaking.
 TYPE OF HAIR TEXTURE

Thick hair- has all three layers

;cortex, cuticle and medulla. Thick
hair gives the impression of fuller
head of hair, and it can hold a
hairstyle well.
 If you have thick hair texture your
hair is more tolerant to heat, styling
product, hair dye and breakage the fine
and medium hair. But this also means
that your hair takes longer to dry and
can get frizzy in humid weather.s
 HAIR ELASTICITY
 Is a measure of how well your hair
return to its natural shape after being
stretched ,pulled, or curled. Hair with
high elasticity returns to its original
state after being stretched. . Hair with
low elasticity breaks or doesn't return
to its original shape after it is pulled.
 HAIR DENSITY
looks the number of hair
strands that you have per square
inch in your scalp. People with
low hair density have thinner
hair while people with high hair
density have thicker hair.
 Sectioning
Perm Rods
Clips
TOOLS AND MATERIALS

Gown

Rat Tail Comb Showering Cap

Cotton wool Timer Vinyl Gloves

Climazone Towel Cape

 SECTIONING BLOCKING AND
WINDING OF HAIR

Blocking Patterns – The overall plan for

rod placement in order to give the design
support, direction , and curl pattern it
needs
Double Halo- Usually used for larger
size heads.
Single Halo- Commonly used for
average size heads to create even curls.
 PROCEDURES IN HAIR PERMING
Processing time
The process of getting a perm can take one
to two hours, depending on how long your
hair is, how thick it is, and how fast your
stylist.
 Neutralizing time
The neutralizer solution is applied to your
hair while it is still wrapped around the
perm rod.
 USE OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
PPE- are equipment that protect your
clothes are chemicals. It include item
such as gloves, eye protection, safety
footwear,
respiratory protective equipment, and
many more.
 TYPES OR HAIR CURLS
 Loose Curl- A wavy
 Classic curl- consistent and
defined “S’’
 Tight curl- small corkscrew-
like
 Kinky curl- An angular, “Z”
type zigzag
 CUSTOMER RELATION
 As a salon owner, you probably
know there’s some truth to the
stereotype of a client who tells
everything to her hairdresser. A great
salon helps client relaxed , the that
relaxation can lead to over-sharing as
well as repeat visit. Great customer
service can help you achieve great
salon.
 INTERPERSONAL RELATION
 Intrapersonal relation that you form at
work serve a critical role in both work
success and career progress. Positive
interpersonal relationship will allow
effective communication and understanding
among employees. Show to your
manager/co-workers that you are a team
player.
 HANDLING
CUTTING TOOLS Keep cutting tools fully sterilized
Be aware that using sharp implement
PERMING/ Follow the manufacturers instructions
RELAXING Wear protective equipment
PRODUCTS Clean up spillage immediately
COLOURING Follow the manufacturers instructions
PRODUCTS Wear protective equipment
Clean up spillage immediately
STYLING AND
FINISHING Handle via manufacturers instructions
PRODUCTS
ELECTICAL Know the manufacturers instructions
EQUIPMENT Check equipment regularly
Don’t use near water unless specified
by the manufacturers instruction
Make all points are clean and switch
off when not in use
STORING
Make sure tools are
sterilized before storing in a
container
Store in fully labelled
containers and keep in a
cool dry locked cabinet
Store in fully labelled
containers and keep in a
cool dry locked cabinet
Keep containera in a cool
dry locked cabinet
 Don’t store electrical
equipment with trailing
flexes
Keep out of the way and
switch off
 PERM PRODUCT KNOWLEDGE
 BARRIER CREAM- to avoid irritation of
the skin
 PERM LOTION
 ACID PERM LOTION
 ALKALINE PERM LOTION
 EXOTHERMIC PERM LOTION
 END PAPERS
 HAIR PERM PROCEDURE
 Preparing and sectioning
1. Wash your with clarifying shampoo.
2. Wrap a towel around you neck, then
a put on a plastic cape and gloves.
3. Split your hair into 3 section a middle
and 2 sides.
 HAIR PERM PROCEDURE
 Wrapping your hair
1. Take a thin strand of hair from the
middle section.
2. Fold an end paper around the end
of the hair strands.
3. Wrap the hair strands around the
curling rod.
4. Repeat the process for the entire
middle section.
5. Apply 2 columns of rods to each
section.
6. Wrap cotton strip around your hairline tucking
it under the rods.
 HAIR PERM PROCEDURE
 Applying perm solution
1. Purchase a perm solution based on
your hair type and health.
2. Apply the solution close to the rods
using small, circular motion.
3. Check your hair every few minutes
for an S-shaped.
 HAIR RINSING PROCEDURE
1. Rinse your hair for 3 minutes
without taking the rods out.
2. Let your hair dry with the rods in
place.
3. Apply the neutralizer. Wait 10
minutes then rinse it put for 3
minutes.
4. Let your hair dry then remove the
rods.
 PRINCIPLE OF ERGONOMICS
What is ergonomics?
Derived from the Greek words ‘Ergon’ meaning
work and ‘nomos’ meaning laws.
Thus, ergonomics can be simply defined as the
how workplace and equipment can be best used
and designed for comfort, safety, efficiency and
productivity.
 IMPORTANCE OF ERGONOMICS
a. Increase productivity
b. Reduces the cost
c. Improves the quality of the work
 PRINCIPLES of ERGONOMIC
1. Work in neutral posture
 proper posture maintenance is necessary.
2. Reduce excessive force
 better to minimize the work that requires
more physical labour.
3. Keep everything in reach
 more or less this principle is related with
maintaining good posture
4. Work at proper height
 working at right makes things way easier
5. Reduce excessive motion
 repetitive motion
6. Minimize fatigue and static bond
 fatigue can be reduce by the intervals and
the breaks between the works
7. Minimize pressure points
 one needs to be aware of pressure points
8. Provide clearance
 Work areas should have clearance
9. Move, exercise and stretch
 it better to take intervals between the works
and stretch all along
10. Maintain comfortable environment
 it is concerned about the lightening, space,
coo lair, and many more
 SAFETY PRECAUTION
Salon workers are actually exposed to toxic
chemicals every single day they found out that
nail polishes, hair treatments, removers and
emollients can cause problem like asthma and
more.
Salon workers also come in contract with a
client’s skin, nail sometimes blood. This poses a
significant infection risk for salon workers, so
following a salon safety checklist is very
important.
 SALON SAFETY CHECKLIST
1. Always have a proper ventilation
2. Proper handling of chemical
3. Preventing aches and pains
4. Sanitation safety standard
5. Proper warning signs
 SALON WASTE MANAGEMENT
Reduce – to start with the most favourable of
option of ‘reducing’ speak to the supplier and
ask them to reduce the amount of packaging
that they deliver your products, or arrange to
give it back to them upon the next delivery so
that they can re-use the materials.
Re-use- common salon items can actually
support environment cause as well as
improving social issues.
Recycle- we come to recycling which beneficial
to the environment.