PRINCIPLES OF LEARNING

Ms. Ngo
 DEFINITIONS
 A principle is a fixed or predetermined
policy or mode of action.

 Learning is a process of gaining

knowledge or a skill by studying,practising,
being taught or experiencing something.

 Principles of learning are a set of rules that

govern the process of acquiring knowledge
or a skill.
PRINCIPLES OF LEARNING
1-Readiness
2-Exercise
3-Effect
4-Primacy
5-Recency
6-Intensity
7-Freedom
8-Requirement
 READINESS
 Readiness implies a degree of
concentration and eagerness.
 Individuals learn best when they are
physically, mentally, and emotionally ready
to learn, and do not learn well if they see
no reason for learning.
 Getting students ready to learn, creating
interest by showing the value of the
subject matter.
 EXERCISE
 Things most often repeated are best
remembered.
 students learn best and retain information
longer when they have meaningful practice
and repetition.
 The key is that the practice must be
meaningful. It is clear that practice leads to
improvement only when it is followed by
positive feedback.
 EFFECT
 The principle of effect is based on the
emotional reaction of the student.
 It has a direct relationship to motivation.
 The principle of effect is that learning is
strengthened when accompanied by
a pleasant or satisfying feeling, and that
learning is weakened when associated
with an unpleasant feeling.
 PRIMACY
 Primacy, the state of being first. It creates a
strong, almost unshakable, impression.
 The student's first experience should be
positive, functional, and lay the foundation for all
that is to follow.
 The instructor must present subject matter in a
logical order, step by step, making sure the
students have already learned the preceeding
step.
 Preparing and following a lesson plan facilitates
delivery of the subject matter correctly the first
time.
 RECENCY
 The principle of recency states that
things most recently learned are
best remembered.
 carefully plan a summary for a lesson
or learning situation.
 The instructor repeats, restates, or
reemphasizes important points at the
end of a lesson to help the student
remember them.
 INTENSITY
 The more intense the material
taught, the more likely it will be
retained.
 A sharp, clear, vivid, dramatic, or
exciting learning experience teaches
more than a routine or boring
experience.
 FREEDOM
 The principle of freedom states that
things freely learned are best
learned. Conversely, the further a
student is coerced, the more
difficult is for him to learn,
assimilate and implement what is
learned.
 REQUIREMENT
 The law of requirement states that "we must
have something to obtain or do
something." It can be an ability, skill or an
instrument.
 Review
which principle applies best?
1- Mike quickly discovered that he couldn’t
memorize everything in his biology textbook
when it was test time.
which principle applies best?
2- Cindy recognizes that she can only
concentrate on difficult subjects for short
periods of time.
which principle applies best?
3- Paul is in grade 4, but cannot draw
a person.
 END

Thank you!