Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Telecommunications and
Networks
ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations
Communications
Communications
The message (data and information) is
communicated via the signal
The transmission medium “carries” the signal
Transmission
medium
Schematic
Schematic
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Digital watches are called digital because they go from one value to
the next without displaying all intermediate values. Consequently,
they can display only a finite number of times of the day. In
contrast, watches with hands are analog, because the hands move
continuously around the clock face. As the minute hand goes
ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations
Analog ‘Discussion’ (1)
around, it not only touches the numbers 1 through 12, but also the
infinite number of points in between.
This is the principle behind compact discs (CDs). The music itself
exists in an analog form, as waves in the air, but these sounds are
then translated into a digital form that is encoded onto the disk.
When you play a compact disc, the CD player reads the digital data,
translates it back into its original analog form, and sends it to the
ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations
Digital ‘Discussion’ (4)
amplifier and eventually the speakers.
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Job 2
Job 3
Main Front-end
system processor
Job 4
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Hybrid
• Network made up of
various types of
topologies
Host
computer
Presentation 6 6 6 6 6 6
Session 5 5 5 5 5 5
Router
Transport 4 4 4 4 4 4
box
Bridge
Network 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
box
Data link 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Physical 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Media
ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations
Telecommunications
Applications (1)
Linking personal computers to mainframe
computers
Download and upload information
Voice mail
Enables users to leave, receive, and store verbal
messages for and from other users
Electronic mail (e-mail)
Enables a sender to connect a computer to a network,
type messages, and send it to another person on the
network
ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations
Telecommunications
Applications (2)
Electronic software distribution
• Involves installing software on a file server for users to share by
signing onto the network and requesting that the software be
downloaded onto their computers over a network
Electronic document distribution
• Transporting documents -- such as sales reports, policy
manuals, and advertising brochures -- over communications
lines and networks
Telecommuting
• Enables employees to work away from the office using personal
computers and networks to communicate via electronic mail
with other workers and to pick up and deliver results
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Vendor Customer
(a)
Third-party
clearing house
Chapter 7