THE DISCIPLINE

OF COUNSELING
 COUNSELING
 For Nystul (2003) defined it as basically an art and a
science wherein you endeavor to weigh the objective
and subjective facets of the counseling process.
  As an art is the subjective dimension of counseling.
It upholds a flexible and creative process whereby
the counselor modifies the approach to meet the
developing needs of the clients.
  As a science, on the other hand, is the objective
dimension of the counseling process.
 In practical terms, counseling happens when a
person who is distressed asks for help
and permit another person to enter into a
kind of connection with him/her. It is
indicative with formal of someone in search
of counseling requests for time and attention
from person who will listen, who will allow
him/her to speak and who will not condemn
and criticize him/her
 GOALS OF COUNSELING
 The key component of individual, group,
organizational and community success.

 Detailed and expansive counseling goals have

been identified by Gibson and Mitchell
(2003), which are as follows:
 DEVELOPMENT GOALS
 Assist in meeting or advancing the
clients human growth and development
including social, personal, emotional,
cognitive, and physical wellness.
 PREVENTIVE GOALS
 Helps the client avoid some
undesired outcome.
 ENCHANCEMENT GOALS

 Enhance special skills

and abilities.
 REMEDIAL GOALS
 Assisting a client to overcome and treat
an undesirable development.
 EXPLORATORY GOALS
 Examining options, testing of skills,
trying new and different activities,
etc.
 REINFORCEMENT GOALS
 Helps client in recognizing, that
what they are doing, thinking, and
feeling is fine.
 COGNITIVE GOALS
 Involves acquiring the basic
foundation of learning and
cognitive skills.
 PHYSIOLOGICAL GOALS
 Involves acquiring the basic
understanding and habits
for good health.
 PSYCHOLOGICAL GOALS

 aids in developing good

social interaction skills, learning
emotional control, and
developing positive self concept.
The presented list of counseling goals, some of which are enhancement of the
above goals
GOALS DESCRIPTION

Understanding of the origins and develop
ment of emotional difficulties , leading to
INSIGHT an increased capacity to take rational
control over feeling and actions.

Becoming better able to form and maintai
n meaningful and satisfying relationships
RELATING WITH OTHERS with other people : for example , within
the family or work place

Becoming more aware of thoughts
and feelings that had been blocked off or
SELF-AWARENESS denied, or developing a more accurate
sense of how self is perceived by others.
 The development of a positive attitude
 toward self, marked by an ability to
acknowledge areas of experience that
SELF-ACCEPTANCE had been the subject of self- criticism
and rejection.

Moving in the direction of fulfil
ling potential or achieving an
SELF-ACTUALIZATION integration of previously
conflicting parts of self.

Assisting the client to arrive at a
higher state of spiritual awakening.

ENLIGHTENMENT
 Finding a solution to a specific proble
m that the client had not been able to
resolve alone. Acquiring a general
PROBLEM-SOLVING competence in problem
solving

Enabling the client to
PSYCHOLOGICAL EDUCATION acquire ideas and 
techniques with which to
understand and control
behavior.

Learning and mastering social and

interpersonal skills such as
maintenance of eye contact, turn
ACQUISITION OF SOCIAL taking in conversations, assertive, or
SKILLS anger control.
 The modification or 
replacement of irrational
beliefs or maladaptive thought
COGNITIVE CHANGE patterns associated with self-
destructive behavior.

The modification or 
BEHAVIOR CHANGE replacement of maladaptive or
self-destructive patterns of
behavior.

Introducing change into 
SYSTEMATIC CHANGE the way in that social 
systems operate.
 Working on skills , awareness, 
and knowledge that will enable to
client to take control of his or her own
EMPOWERMENT life.

Helping the client to 
make amends for 
RESITUTION previous destructive 
behavior.

Inspiring in the person a desire and ca
pacity to care for others and
pass on knowledge and to contribute
GENERAVILITY to the collective good through
political engagement.
SCOPE OF
COUNSELING
 4757-15 SCOPE FOR
LICENSED PROFESSIONAL
COUNSELORS :
 A licensed professional counselor as a private
practitioner or an employee of an agency may for
a fee, or salary, or other considerations:
1. A licensed professional counselor may
render to individuals, groups,
organizations, or the general public
counseling services involving the
application of clinical counseling
principles, methods, or procedures to
assist individuals in achieving more
effective personal, social, educational,
or career development and adjustment.
2. "Apply clinical counseling principles, methods,
and procedures," means an approach to
counseling that emphasizes the counselor's role
in systematically assisting clients through all of
the following: Assessing and analyzing
emotional conditions, exploring possible
solutions, and developing and providing a
treatment plan for mental and emotional
adjustment or development. It may include
counseling, appraisal, consulting, supervision,
administration and referral.
3. Engage in the diagnosis and
treatment of mental and emotional
disorders when under the
supervision of a professional
clinical counselor, psychologist,
psychiatrist, independent marriage
and family therapist, or independent
social worker.
4. Provide training supervision for students
and registered counselor trainees when
services are within their scope of
practice, which does not include
supervision of the diagnosis and
treatment of mental and emotional
disorders.
CORE VALUES AND
ETHICAL PRINCIPLES
OF COUNSELING
AUTONOMY OF INDIVIDUALS
 Is based on the right to freedom of action and
freedom of choice in so far as the pursuit of
these freedom does not interfere with the
freedom of others; counseling cannot happen
unless the client has made a free choice to
participate.
 Personal autonomy is not a simple one and
not sufficient as a guide to action and good
practice in all circumstances.
PRINCIPLE OF NONMALEFICENCE
 This refers to instruction to all helpers or healers
that they must, above all, do no harm;
 Beneficence refers to the order to promote human
welfare;
 Both nonmaleficence and beneficence occur in the
prominence in codes of practice that counselors
must warrant that they are trained to an appropriate
level of competence, that they must monitor and
maintain their competence through supervision,
consultation and training and they must work only
within the limits of their competence.
PRINCIPLE OF JUSTICE
 Concerned with the fair distribution of
resources and services, unless there is some
acceptable reason for treating them
differently.
 For counseling, the principle has particular
relevance to question of access.
PRINCIPLE OF FIDELITY
 Shares to the presence of loyalty, reliability,
dependability, and action in good faith;
 The rule of confidentiality reveals the
importance of fidelity; entering into a contract
means to stay with the client and give the case
his/her efforts.