TO THE LEARNERS

Here are some reminders as you use this module:

 Use the module with care especially in turning each page.
 Be reminded to answer the Pre-Test before moving on to the
Learning Module.
 Read and comprehend the directions in every exercises.
 Observe honesty in answering the tests and exercises.
 Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of this
material.
 Try to finish a given activity before proceeding to the next.
 1
Knowing and
Understanding
Oneself during
Middle and Late
Adolescence

LIEZL A. VILLANUEVA
Copyright 2019
 WHAT IS THIS MODULE ALL ABOUT?

This module serves as a learning resource material in understanding the

target competency expected in the curriculum.

TOPIC
Knowing and Understanding Oneself during Middle
and Late Adolescence

CONTENT STANDARD

The learners demonstrate an understanding of himself/herself during middle

and late adolescence

LEARNING COMPETENCY

EsP-PD11/12KO-Ia-1.1
1.1 Explain that knowing oneself can make a person accept his/her strengths and limitations
and dealing with others better.
EsP-PD11/12KO-Ia-1.2
1.2 Share his/her unique characteristics, habits, and experiences.
EsP-PD11/12KO-Ib-1.3
1.3 Maintain a journal.

The presented activities or exercises and texts are developed

in order to meet the following objectives:

1. Define oneself and middle and late adolescence.

2. Enumerate or list down your unique characteristics, habits
and experiences during your middle and late adolescent
period.
3. Create a simple timeline that show the highlight of your
middle and late adolescent period.
 PRE-TEST

Read the following items carefully. Write the

letter of your answer.

1. Every individual undergo physical development that leads to different

stages of human life. In what transition between childhood to adulthood
occur?
A. Adolescents
B. Adolescence
C. Middle adolescents
D. Early Adulthood
2. Adolescence is divided into three stages. In what stage wherein a
person becomes a young adult?
A. Late Adolescents
B. Early Adolescents
C. Middle Adolescents
D. Early and Middle Adolescents
3. Physical changes in middle adolescent is very crucial. They may start
questioning and exploring themselves. Which of the physical change in
middle adolescent does not belong?
A. Females have almost complete regular period.
B. Most males may have a cracking voice.
C. Some develop acne.
D. Building muscles.
4. Middle adolescent changes an individual physical, emotional, mental,
and social aspects continuously, what is one of the reasons why middle
adolescence stage is crucial?
A. They are able to think abstractly but do not have enough ability
to apply in the moment.
B. They begin questioning so many things.
C. Their physical development is not yet complete.
D. They need good people to guide them.
5. An individual continues to develop to become a young adult. In what
phase wherein adolescence have a stronger sense of their own identity
and can identify their own value?
A. Early adolescence
B. Middle adolescence
C. Late adolescence
D. Both middle and late adolescence
 6. Physical change in late adolescent is the hardest of the three periods
because of the significant changes that a young adult experience. Which
change is not included during the late adolescence?
A. They become more impulsive.
B. They become more focused on the future
C. Their relationships become more stable.
D. They become more emotionally and physically separated from
their family.
7. Knowing and understanding oneself pave the way to self-acceptance.
Why is knowing and understanding oneself important?
A. To live productively
B. To make better decisions
C. To maintain good relationship with others
D. It will lead you to discover interesting skills.
8. Discovering oneself is a journey that everyone must to go through. In
what stage do this happen?
A. Early adolescence
B. Middle adolescence
C. Late adolescence to adulthood
D. All of the above
9. Success is measure through different standards in life. By knowing
and understanding oneself, what is the key to success?
A. Develop your personality
B. Discover your talents and skills
C. Know yourself
D. Develop self-control
10. Stages in life eventually change drastically. In what stage where we
embrace subtlety, spend the rest of their life and start a family?
A. Early adolescence
B. Late adolescence
C. Middle adolescence
D. Adulthood
 LET’S SEE WHAT YOU ALREADY KNOW

1. It is a transition between childhood to adulthood.

Answer: Adolescence

2. Adolescence is divided into three stages as follow:

Answer: A. Early (12-14), middle (15-17), late (18-20)

3. Below are the common physical change of middle adolescence except,

Answer: Building muscles.

4. One of the reasons why middle adolescence stage is crucial because

Answer: They are able to think abstractly but do not have enough

5. It is a stage in adolescence where teens have a stronger sense of their

own identity and can identify their own value.
Answer: Late adolescence

6. Which change is not included during the late adolescence?

Answer: They become more impulsive.

7. Why is knowing and understanding oneself important?

Answer: To make better decisions
8. Discovering oneself happens during:
Answer: All of the above

9. The key to success is:

Answer: Know yourself

10. The stage where we embrace subtlety.

Answer: Late adolescence
 YOUR INITIAL ACTIVITY

Activity 1: “Self- Concept” and “Self-Understanding”

Complete the concept map by supplying it with the information than

can be taken from the video clip. Write the key concepts about the topic in
the circles and the details about these key concepts in the rectangles.

Source: https://study.com/academy/lesson/self-understanding-and-self-concept.html

Processing Questions
1.After watching the video, can you now answer the question “Who am
I”?
2. What new word can you relate to the word oneself from the video?
 LET’S TRY THIS AND SELF-CHECK

Activity 2: Self-Concept Inventory

Take a look at your own self- concept and answer the following self-concept
inventory in your journal. Give yourself a rating using the scale:

0= very weak
1= weak
2= somewhat weak or somewhat strong
3= strong
4= very strong
__1. I have a strong sex appeal.
__2. I am proud of my physical figure.
__3. I am physically attractive and beautiful/handsome.
__4. I exude with charm and poise.
__5. I am easy to get along with.
__6. I can adjust to different people and different situations.
__7. I am approachable; other people are at ease and comfortable with me.
__8. I am lovable and easy to love.
__9. I am a fast learner, can understand with one instruction.
__10. I am intelligent.
__11. I have special talents and abilities.
__12. I can easily analyze situations and make right judgements.
__13. I can be trusted in any transaction.
__14. I have a clean conscience and carry no guilty feeling.
__15. I have integrity and good reputation.
__16. My friend and classmates can look up to me as a model worth
emulating.
__17. I can express my ideas without difficulty.
__18. I talk in a persuasive manner and can easily get people to accept me
what I want to say.
__19. I can express my ideas in writing without difficulty.
__20. I am a good listener.
__21. I am emotionally stable and not easily rattled when faced with trouble.
__22. I am logical and rational in my outlook and decisions.
__23. I feel and act with confidence.
__24. I am a mature person.

Scoring: Copy this table in your journal. Write your score opposite each
number and get the subtotal.

Physical appeal Human Relations Intelligence

1.____________ 5.____________ 9.____________
2.____________ 6.____________ 10.____________
3.____________ 7.____________ 11.____________
4.____________ 8.____________ 12.____________
Subtotal: Subtotal: Subtotal:

Character Communications Maturity

13.____________ 17.____________ 21.____________
14.____________ 18.____________ 22.____________
15.____________ 19.____________ 23.____________
16.____________ 20.____________ 24.____________
Subtotal: Subtotal: Subtotal:

How do you perceive yourself?

Look at the results of your self-concept inventory and answer the following
questions.
1. In what areas do you consider yourself strong (with score 14-16 or
somewhat weak (score of 10-13) and very weak (below 10).
2. Are there qualities you consider as your weakness but other people
 consider as your strength? What are these? Check with a partner.
Example: A lady can say “I`m ugly” yet other consider her very charming. Or
conversely, one can have the illusion of saying “I am very intelligent or
competent” when most of his ideas sound unreasonable or illogical to most
of the people. There is indeed a big difference between what you see in
yourself (real self-image) and what is projected in the eyes of the others (your
social image).
3. How realistic is your self- image?
4. To what extent does it reflect your real self?

Source: Roldan, Amelia S. (2003). On Becoming a Winner: A Workbook on

Personality Development and Character Building. AR Skills Development
and Management Services (SDMS), Paranaque City, Metro Manila.

LET’S LEARN

Introduction

Adolescence is the period of transition between childhood and adulthood.

Children who are entering adolescence are going through many changes
(physical, intellectual, personality and social developmental). Adolescence
begins at puberty, which now occurs earlier, on average, than in the past.
The end of adolescence is tied to social and emotional factors and can be
somewhat ambiguous (Cleveland Clinic, 2018). Adolescence is divided into
three stages: early (12-14 years), middle (15-17 years), and late (18-
20years). Module 1 will focus on knowing and understanding oneself during
middle and late adolescence stages.

Middle Adolescent

The physical changes from puberty continue during the middle stage. Most
male may have some voice cracking. Some develop acne. For females,
physical change is almost complete and girls have regular period. This stage
is crucial for the middle adolescents for the following reasons:

1. They may start questioning and exploring their sexual identity

which is stressful if they do not get support from peers, family, or
community. At the same time many teens become interested in
romantic and sexual relationships.

2. Many middle adolescents have more arguments with their parents

as they struggle for more independence.They may spend less time
with their family and more time with friends. Peer pressure is at peak
during this time and they are concerned about their looks.

3. The brain continues to change and mature in this stage, but there
are still many differences in how a normal middle adolescent thinks
compare to an adult. This is due to frontal lobes, the last area of the
brain to mature. The frontal lobes are responsible in coordinating
complex decision making, impulse control, and being able to consider
multiple options and consequences. The development of a person will
be complete until a person reaches into his/her 20s. Middle
adolescents are able to think abstractly and consider the “big picture,”
but they do not have enough ability to apply it in the moment. A
student may think that there is no problem skipping in a class since
s/he can learn easily. Middle adolescents may be able to apply the
logic in avoiding risks in this situation, but strong emotions often
continue to drive their decisions due to impulses.

Late Adolescents
Late adolescence is the period of development in a person’s life from ages
18-24 wherein person becomes a young adult. This is the hardest of the
three periods of adolescence because of the significant changes that a young
adult experience. A high school student may say goodbye to some of
his/her friends who will go to another school, or entering a career. In college
the environment is totally different. Young adult may have to learn how to
live on their own for the first time, in a dorm with the same age of people.
After graduating college some may have found some person they want to
spend the rest of their life and start a family. All of this can happen in late
adolescence.

Young adults usually have more impulse control and able to see risks and
reward accurately. They reasoned logically for they already knew the reward
of their actions. Instead of watching their favourite you tube channel, they
would choose to study for their finals. Teens entering early adulthood have a
stronger sense of their own identity now and can identify their own values.
They may become more focused on the future and base decisions on their
hopes and ideals. Friendships and romantic relationships become more
stable. They become more emotionally and physically separated from their
family.

The Course Of Late Adolescence Development

Just like the other stages of adolescence, some changes are going on in a
person's development during late adolescence. Everything on your physical,
social, emotional and intellectual levels is in flux. No wonder young adults
tend to be so stressed out!

Physical Changes

By the time a person has reached late adolescence, physical changes for the
most part, have finally settled down. By this time, the reproductive system
of a young adult has fully matured, and capable of having a family.
Social Changes

Adolescence is tough on the family for some reasons, mainly because the
child's life no longer revolves around his family and is instead widening to
include friendships with their peers and even other adults, like a teacher or
coach. Eventually, friendships turn to romances, as the teen's emotions
mature and he or she can fall in love with another person.

Emotional Changes

While young adults, just like a young teen, may not be overly affectionate
toward their parents and will probably spend more time with friends, it's
less of an act of rebellion and more an evolution of the natural state of
things. More so in early adolescence, but also present in late adolescence, is
the constant struggle to balance the safety and security of home with the
unyielding desire to get out there into the wide open world and discover life
for themselves.

Intellectual Changes

Young adults have come to understand and embrace subtlety. In being able
to see things from a different perspective, they are better equipped to solve
more complex problems, and get better at perceiving what others may be
thinking. However, because these tools are fairly new, they don't get good at
practicing them. This is why teens in late adolescence tend to act seemingly
without thinking in certain situations.

Late Adolescence Milestones

Once the adolescents entered to being young adults, there are certain
milestones that they should be able to check.

Emotional Milestones

By now, young adults should be able to take pride in their work. They
should be more emotionally stable, care more about those around them, and
have an improved sense of self.

Social Milestones

By now, people from this stage should be able to trust themselves to make
the right decision when called upon in a particular situation. The rebellious
phase should have outgrown and can now enjoy time with parents again.

Mental Milestones

By now, young adults should be able to set reasonable goals for themselves
and plan a strategy that will help them reach those goals. They should have
a good idea, and a deeper connection to the issues that they will become
passionate about (e.g., pro-choice vs. pro-life, environmental activism, etc.).

As for physical changes, by this point, a girl, should have fully developed. A
boy will continue to gain both height and weight, as well as body hair and
muscle mass. Sometimes girls beat the boys when it comes to how fast they
develop. Of course, it is important to understand that no two people are the
same. So while these may be the average age ranges for these milestones
and developments to occur, what happens to one person at 18 years old may
not happen for another until much later.
 LET’S STUDY AND ANALYZE THESE

Activity 2: Groupings
Group the class at least equally. Have a leader in each group to guide the
discussion. After the discussion choose one or two to report what they have
talked.

Guide Questions:
1. In what areas do you consider yourself strong (with score 14-16) or
somewhat weak (score of 10-13) and very weak (below 10).
2. Are there qualities you consider as your weakness but other people
consider as your strength? What are these? Discuss in your group.
3. How realistic is your self-image?
4. To what extent does it reflect your real self?

LET’S LEARN
BY SUSHANT

Does it not happen all the time that we happen to underestimate ourselves?
Don’t we just almost all the time give others the credit they deserve but not
us? It is very important to know ourselves. We tend to neglect our own
values, strengths each and every time we are judged. The true mantra for
success is knowing yourself.

It’s necessary to know yourself. But how do you go about it, right? You must
be aware of your strengths, weaknesses, likes and dislikes. Observe and be
aware of your moods, reactions and responses to what is happening around
you because then you will be able to react in the right manner. Then,
become aware of how these moods and emotions affect your state of mind.
Also examine how you interact with others and observe how your
environment affects you.

Why is knowing yourself so important? Well, it is so because the knowing

and understanding yourself part would help you to make much better
decisions, it will improve your decision making habits, in setting and
reaching appropriate goals and altogether living more productively and
more. You can play many interesting personality tests and evaluations for
self-discovery that can help you become more in tune to yourself.
You must question yourself on aspects like how well do you really know
yourself? What unique gifts, talents and skills do you bring to this world?
What specific issues represent your life challenges? How much of your life is
controlled by your personality? Are you really inspired by your soul? What
underlying motives run your life? What gives you meaning and purpose?
These questions will lead you to a beautiful understanding of your own self.
You must be confident about your answers while answering these.

Interestingly there are many people who hardly know themselves. But how
do you expect to grow in life and become better if you don’t? It’s perfectly
okay to explore what the heart wants and to tune out the rest of the world
long enough to build a relationship with your soul. In fact the moment you
start interacting with yourself you will discover that you know so little about
your own self. Knowing yourself will make you meet the world.

Knowing yourself is definitely beyond knowing your favorite color or your

ideal mate. It is about discovering yourself which will take you days, months
or years. But once you do you will either love yourself or hate yourself,
either ways it will be a cherishing experience

LET’S SEE WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

Activity 3: Forum

Guidelines:

Create a close group on FB or Tweeter for the class interaction. Group the
class into a maximum of 10 members. Each student is required to post their
reflection and insights on the activities and reading in this module to their
respective close group and respond at least two to the posts of their peers.
The participation grade will depend on the engagement and quality of the
responses to the posts. In responding the posts, it is important to focus on
the ideas being shared and not on the person behind the ideas. Remember
to use appropriate words and be courteous in your responses.

Be guided with the following question in answering your reflections and

insights.

1. Why do you think knowing yourself is important?

2. What significant changes you have discovered about yourself? How did
you deal with it?

POST TEST
 Read the following items carefully. Write the
letter of your answer.

1. It is a period of adolescence that you may start questioning and exploring

your sexual identity.
A. Middle adolescence
B. Early adolescence
C. Late adolescence
D. All periods

2. Many middle adolescents have more arguments to their parents since

they are struggling for:
A. Emotional changes
B. Mental milestone
C. Independence
D. Different relationships

3. They are responsible in coordinating complex decision making, impulse

control, and being able to consider multiple options and consequences.
A. Self- control
B. Frontal lobes
C. Brain
D. Nervous system

4. Their strong emotions often continue to drive their decisions due to

A. Peer pressure
B. Development
C. Impulses
D. Social demand

5. During late adolescence, should be able to set reasonable goals for your
self and plan a/an ______ that will help you reach the goals.
A. strategy
B. action
C. dream
D. Course

5. In this milestone, you should be more emotionally stable, care more

about those around you, and have an improved sense of self.
A. Development milestones
B. Emotional milestone
C. Social milestone
D. Mental milestone
6. In this milestone, you are able to see things from different perspective.
A. Mental milestone
B. Social milestone
C. Intellectual milestone
D. Emotional milestone

7. In the late adolescence period, it not normal that sometimes the girls
beat the boys when it comes to how fast they develop.
A. True
B. False
C. Partly true
D. Partly false

8. According to Sushant, exploring what the heart wants and to tune out
of the rest of the world to build a relationship with your soul is a good
idea.
A. True
B. False
C. Partly true
D. Partly False

9. The moment you start interacting with yourself you will discover that
A. You know so little
B. You are less impulsive
C. You have talents and skill
D. You are getting mature
 LET’S REMEMBER

 The physical change from puberty continue during the middle stage.
Most male may have some voice cracking. Some develop acne. For
females, physical change is almost complete and girls have regular
period.

 Young adults usually have more impulse control and able to see risks
and reward accurately. They reasoned logically for they already knew the
reward of their actions. Teens entering early adulthood have a stronger
sense of their own identity now and can identify their own values.

 The true mantra for success is knowing yourself

 REFERENCES

DepEd (2016), Personality Developmemt, Ground Floor Bonifacio

Building, DepEd Complex, Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines

Allen and Waterman (2019), Stages of Adolescence,

https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/teen/Pages/Stages-
of-Adolescence.aspx
Sushant, (2019), Know yourself, retrieved
fromhttp://www.personalitydevelopment.org/know-yourself.html
Bruner S., December 18, 2018, Changes to expect in the late adolescence,
retrieved from,https://www.betterhelp.com/advice/adolescence/changes-
to-expect-in-late-adolescence/

This module maybe adopted, modified and

reproduced for educational purposes with appropriate
credit to the author.
For inquiries, feedback and suggestions, please
contact the author through the Division Learning
resource Supervisor at Tel. No. _________________ and/or
email address ________________ @deped.gov.ph