Geography 1

•Climate
•Land and settlement
•London
•England
 Climate
1. Lack of extremes/ mild/ temperate maritime
• Not very cold in winter (temp. not much
lower than 0ºC)
• Not very hot in summer (temp. not much
higher than 32ºC)
• In winter, it snows in the north and the west;
not much in the south
• The same rainfall as in other countries in
Europe
 Climate
2. Varied, Changeable,
unpredictable:  
many types of weather can be
experienced in a single day
→ cannot be sure of a dry day
→ no climate, just weather
→ BP often talk about weather
 Climate
3. Influenced by Atlantic Ocean,
northern latitude, different air masses
and warm waters:
• Northern Ireland, Wales, western
parts of England and Scotland are
generally, wettest and windiest
regions.
 Climate
→The further west you go, the
more rain you get
• The east of Scotland and north-
east England: cold and dry
• The south and south-east of
England: warm and dry
 Land and settlement
Lack of extremes + Variety of land
• Not very long river, not very high
mountain
• Two longest rivers: the Severn
(354 km), the Thames (346 km)
• Highest mountain: Ben Nevis in
Scotland (1344 m)
 Land and settlement
• Plains are not very large, cannot
go very far without encountering
a hill
• Hills are gently rolling
Pennines = backbone of England
• Forests
• Hedgerows
 Land and settlement
• Most densely populated
area: Southern England
• Most sparsely populated
area: highland Scotland
• 75 % live in the city
• Prefer houses to flats
Terraced houses
Semidetached houses
A detached house
 London
• Largest city in Europe
• Cosmopolitan
• Population: 7.5 m. people
• 33 boroughs = 13 inner + 20 outer
(Greater London)
• East end and West end
 London’s inner boroughs
The City of London

•Original area of the walled town with traders: Square Mile

•Europe's largest and most vibrant center of finance

- London Stock Exchange, Lloyds of London, the Bank of

England, Barclays Bank.

- over 500 international banks have offices and branches

within the City.

 The City of Westminster
• Political and cultural center
• lies on the north bank of
the River Thames, at the
heart of London’s West End.
 The City of Westminster
Site of the finest and most historically
important buildings in England:
- The Palace of Westminster with the
Houses of UK Parliament
- Buckingham Palace
- Westminster Abbey
 - Principal government offices
The palace of Westminster
Buckingham Palace
Westminster Abbey
Hyde Park
Regent’s park
Kesington gardens
 East End And West End
• East End: Poorer residential area
with a lot of immigrants, docks,
warehouses
• West End: rich area, shopping
center, a lot of theaters, cinemas,
and parks