The most relevant

things about the UK

The United Kingdom (commonly abbreviated UK) is a country that includes
England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Its official name is United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy in which the reigning monarch (that is,
the king or queen who is the head of state at any given time) does not make any open
political decisions. All political decisions are taken by the government and Parliament.
 2020 Bank and Public Holidays in UK:

-New Year’s Day: Wednesday 1 January

-New Year’s Holiday: Thursday 2 January (Scotland only)
-St Patrick’s Day: Tuesday 17 March (Northern Ireland only)
-Good Friday: Friday 10 April
-Easter Monday: Monday 13 April (England, Wales and Northern Ireland only)
-Early May bank holiday: Friday 8 May 
-Spring bank holiday: Monday 25 May
-Battle of the Boyne (substitute day): Monday 13 July (Northern Ireland only)
-Summer bank holiday: Monday 3 August (Scotland only)
-Summer bank holiday: Monday 31 August (England, Wales and Northern Ireland only)
-St Andrew’s Day: Monday 30 November (Scotland only)
-Christmas Day: Friday 25 December 
-Boxing Day (substitute day): Monday 28 December
London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom. Standing on the River Thames in the south-east of
England, at the head of its 50-mile (80 km) estuary leading to the North Sea, London has been a major settlement for two
millennia. Londinium was founded by the Romans.The City of London, London's ancient core − an area of just 1.12 square miles
(2.9 km2) and colloquially known as the Square Mile − retains boundaries that closely follow its medieval limits. The 
City of Westminster is also an Inner London borough holding city status. Greater London is governed by the Mayor of London and
the London Assembly.London is considered to be one of the world's most important global cities has been called the world's most
powerful, most desirable, most influential, most visited, most expensive, innovative, sustainable, most investment-friendly, and
most-popular-for-work city. 
The national flag of the United Kingdom is the Union Jack, also known as the Union Flag.
The current design of the Union Jack dates from the Act of Union 1801 which united the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland (previously in personal union) to create the 
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The flag consists of the red cross of Saint George (patron saint of England), edged in white, superimposed on the Cross of St Patrick (patron saint of Ireland), which are
superimposed on the Saltire of Saint Andrew (patron saint of Scotland). Wales is not represented in the Union Flag by Wales's patron saint, Saint David, as at the time the flag was designed Wales was part of the Kingdom of
England. The flag's standard height-to-length proportions are 1:2. The war flag variant used by the British Army modifies the proportions to 3:5 and crops two of the red diagonals.
One British pound (£) is made up of 100 pence (p). Coin denominations are as follows: 1p, 2p, 5p, 10p, 20p, 50p, £1 and £2. Notes
are available in £5, £10, £20 and £50 denominations, each one with their own distinct color. All British currency features an image
of the Queen's head on one side. The other side typically shows a notable historic figure, landmark or national symbol. 
British slang has many different names for various elements of the currency. You will almost always hear pence referred to as
"pee", while £5 and £10 notes are often called fivers and tenners. In many areas of the UK, a £1 coin is called a "quid". It's thought
that this term originally stemmed from the Latin phrase quid pro quo, used to refer to the exchange of one thing for another. 
Longest rivers of the
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom straddles the higher mid-latitudes between 49° and 61° N on
the western seaboard of Europe. Since the UK is always in or close to the path of
the polar front jet stream, frequent changes in pressure and unsettled weather are
typical. Many types of weather can be experienced in a single day. In general the
climate of the UK is cool and often cloudy and rainy, and high temperatures are
infrequent.
The climate in the United Kingdom is defined as a temperate oceanic climate,
or Cfb on the Köppen climate classification system, a classification it shares with
most of north-west Europe.[1] Regional climates are influenced by the Atlantic
Ocean and latitude. Northern Ireland, Wales and western parts of England and 
Scotland, being closest to the Atlantic Ocean, are generally the mildest, wettest
and windiest regions of the UK, and temperature ranges here are seldom
extreme. Eastern areas are drier, cooler, and less windy, and also experience the
greatest daily and seasonal temperature variations. Northern areas are generally
cooler and wetter, and have slightly larger temperature ranges than southern
areas.
The UK is mostly under the influence of the maritime polar air mass from the
north-west. Northern Ireland and the west of Scotland are the most exposed to
the maritime polar air mass which brings cool moist air; the east of Scotland and
north-east England are more exposed to the continental polar air mass which
brings cold dry air. The south and south-east of England are the least exposed to
polar air masses from the north-west, and on occasion see continental tropical air
masses from the south, which bring warm dry air in the summer. On average, the
temperature ranges from 18 to 25 °C (64 to 77 °F).
If the air masses are strong enough in their respective areas during the summer,
there can sometimes be a large difference in temperature between the far north of
Scotland (including its islands) and the south-east of England – often a difference
of 10-15 °C (18-27 °F) but sometimes as much as 20 °C (36 °F) or more. In the
height of summer the Northern Isles can have temperatures around 15 °C (59 °F),
while the areas around London reach 36 °C (97 °F).