Instructor: Julie Vale,

Cameron Farrow
Teaching Assistant: Feni
Pajwani (
fpajwani@uoguelph.ca)
ENG*2400 (01) F20 – Engineering System
Analysis

Electric Circuits
Module 1
Resources

Fundamentals of Electric Circuits, C.

Alexander and M. Sadiku, 6th edition.
 1. Introduction to Electrical Elements and
Circuits
2. Electrical Charge
Content 3. Electrical Current
4. Current Representation
5. Sign Convention – Direction of Current
Introduction to Electrical Elements and Circuits

In electrical engineering, we are often interested in transferring

energy from one point to another. To do this requires the
interconnection of electrical devices.

Such interconnection is referred to as an electric circuit, and each

component of the circuit is known as an electric element.
What is an Electric charge?

  
 Fundamental building blocks: Atoms
 Atoms consist of Protons, Electrons and
Neutrons.
 Charge is an electrical property of the atomic
particles of which atomic particles of which
matter consists of, measured in Coulombs (C).
 Protons are positively charged.
 Electrons are negatively charged element
having charge of magnitude
Nature of Positively and Negatively Charged Atoms
  When a conducting wire (consisting of several atoms) is
connected to a battery (a source of electromotive force), the
negative charges are compelled to move in certain direction
This motion of charges creates an electric current.

What is Electric
Current?
  A unique feature of electric charge or electricity is the
fact that it is mobile; that is, it can be transferred from
one place to another, where it can be converted to
What is Electric another form of energy.

Current?
 Electric current is the time rate of change of charge,
measured in amperes (A)
Sign convention -
Direction of current
Sign convention
- Direction of
current

The sign of the current

indicates the direction in which
the charge is moving. A positive
current through a component is
the same as a negative current
flowing in the opposite
direction.
 • 

Mathematically, the relationship between

current I, charge q, and time t is,

Current
Representation
The charge transferred between time and t
is obtained by integrating both sides of
above equation.
We obtain,
 • 
Problem 1:

The total charge entering a terminal is given by

Calculate the current at t = 0.5s.

Solution:
Problem

Substituting the value of t = 0.5s

 • 

Problem for Determine the total charge entering a

terminal between t = 1s and t = 2s if the
you to solve… current passing the terminal is
.
Q&A
 Thank You!
For any queries feel free to reach out to me.
Teaching Assistant: Feni Pajwani
(fpajwani@uoguelph.ca)