REVIEW:

HOW ARE CELLULAR RESPIRATION AND

PHOTOSHYNTHESIS ALMOST OPPOSITE PROCESSES?

B
A)PHOTOSYNTHESIS RELEASES ENERGY, AND
CELLULAR RESPIRATION STORES ENERGY.

B) PHOTOSYNTHESIS REMOVES CARBON DIOXIDE FROM

THE ATMOSPHERE, AND CELLULAR RESPIRATION
PUTS IT BACK.

C)PHOTOSYNTHESIS REMOVES OXYGEN FROM THE

ATMOSPHERE, AND CELLULAR RESPIRATION PUTS IT
BACK

D)ALL OF THE ABOVE

 D
UNLIKE PHOTOSYNTHESIS, CELLULAR
RESPIRATION OCCURS IN:

A)ANIMALS ONLY

B)AUTOTROPHS ONLY

C)HETEROTROPHS ONLY

D)AUTOTROPHS AND HETEROTROPHS

TRUE OR FALSE???
THE LIGHT DEPENDENT

FALSE
REACTION, GLYCOLYSIS, AND THE
CALVIN CYCLE ALL PRODUCE
ATP?
WHERE DOES CELLULAR
RESPIRATION OCCUR?

MITOCHONDRIA
 S O F
C E S R
P R O U L A
T HE L L
CE ATION
S PI R 9
RE AP
CH
T ER
2
I ON
SECT
The first step in cellular respiration
GLYCOLYSIS
= __________________

Glycolysis happens in
CYTOPLASM
the ________________
outside the mitochondria
 Cellular Respiration
(ATP Production)
Glycolysis is the first step in respiration.
*It makes a small amount of ATP.

*Glycolysis DOES NOT require oxygen to operate.

Processes that do not require oxygen to function are
called anaerobic.
 o l y s i s
Gl y c
 Glycolysis is
complicated here’s
what happens:

 1 molecule of glucose
(sugar) enters.

 2 molecules of pyruvic
acid are made.

 2 (net) molecules of
ATP are made.
PYRUVIC ACID MOVES TO NEXT STEP

ANAEROBIC
IF THERE IS NO OXYGEN (______________)

AEROBIC
IF THERE IS OXYGEN (_____________)
PYRUVIC ACID ___________ OXYGEN

2 kinds of fermentation

___________________ & _____________________

 Lactic Acid Fermentation
 Pyruvic acid (from glycolysis) is converted
to lactic acid.

 This process occurs in muscle cells when you

exercise hard.

 It occurs when there is not

enough oxygen.
**The increased acidity in the cell
cytoplasm reduces the ability of
muscles to contract.

**This causes muscle fatigue, pain, &

cramping. (Not enough oxygen to your
body!)
 Lactic acid fermentation is used in the
manufacture of yogurt and cheese.

Lactic Acid Fermentation

 Alcoholic Fermentation

Happens when yeast makes bread dough rise

air spaces
CO2 bubbles make _____________ in bread

evaporates
Alcohol _______________
during cooking

PYRUVIC
_______ +ENERGY →__________ + ______
 Amount of Energy Produced

 Glycolysis is extremely inefficient!!!

 However, even though the energy given off by
glycolysis is small, the process is so fast that cells
can make thousands of ATP molecules in just a few
milliseconds.
 Aerobic Respiration
 Our cells usually have oxygen available.
 This allows for aerobic respiration.
 Nearly 20 times the ATP can be produced (over
glycolysis)!!!
 l u l a r
C el n
i r a t i o
Res p We will next focus on
the Krebs Cycle. This is
Glucose
the path that is
(C6H1206) taken
Krebs
when
+ Glycolysis
Oxygen
oxygen
Cycle is present.
(02)
AEROBIC RESPIRATION
 Remember, we started with glycolysis which gave
us 2 ATPs.

 Since we now have oxygen available, fermentation

is skipped.

 Remember the 2 Pyruvic acid molecules from glycolysis?

 Now they are made into carbon dioxide and water instead
of lactic acid.

 Your muscles don’t hurt as bad, and you can keep going
longer!
 Aerobic Respiration
 Aerobic Respiration has 2 major stages:
1. Krebs Cycle

2. Electron Transport Chain

 REMEMBER:

Glycolysis happens in
CYTOPLASM
the ________________
outside the mitochondria.

Krebs cycle happens in

the _____________
MATRIX
inside the mitochondria
 Krebs Cycle
 Pyruvic Acid (from glycolysis) enters.

 CO 2 and ATP are produced.

Cellular Respiration
WHERE DOES IT HAPPEN?
Electron Transport Chain

The ETC is the final stage of

aerobic respiration.

 Up to 32 ATPs are produced, along

with the release of H2O into the body.
 GLYCOLYSIS

KREBS CYCLE

ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

GLYCOLYSIS
Happens in CYTOPLASM
______________
outside mitochondria
Breaks down ____________
1 glucose
into ________________
2 pyruvic acid (pyruvate)

Produces
2
_______
KREBS CYCLE
happens in ________________
MATRIX
inside mitochondria
Breaks down _________________
2 pyruvic acid

Produces: Gives off:

2
____ _CO2_
ELECTRON TRANSPORT

Occurs in _____________
cristae
inner membrane of mitochondria

Makes ___________
32 ATP
 TA L S
T O
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
(aerobic/ with oxygen):

34 ATP
1 glucose → _______________

Glycolysis
(anaerobic/ without oxygen):

2 ATP
1 glucose → ________________