Chapter 9

Cellular
Respiration
 Major Concepts
 Understand where an organism’s energy
comes from.

 Identify how cells store and release

energy known as ATP.

 Describe how cells obtain energy.

 What is ATP??

 The energy in our bodies takes the form

of a compound called:
- Adenosine Tri-Phosphate

 For short, we will call it ATP…

 When you use ATP,
 It turns into ADP
 The Source of Energy

 GLUCOSE is the primary source for all the

energy in your body.

 YOU EAT……Your body breaks down the

starches you eat into glucose, a simple
sugar.
 Two Kinds of Respiration
 Cellular respiration can be done with or
without oxygen…

 Aerobic Respiration: requires oxygen

 Anaerobic Respiration: does not

require oxygen
 Anaerobic Respiration

 Step #1: Split the Glucose up into two

smaller molecules called Pyruvic Acids…
Pyruvic acid is a 3 Carbon compound

 If there is no oxygen available, one of two

things can happen to the pyruvic acids…
 Fermentation – Two Kinds
 Alcoholic Fermentation (Single celled/Plants)
 Making Alcohol
 Bacteria/ Yeast cells do this…
 Human Uses? Beer-making, Distilling, Brewing, etc…

 Lactic Acid Fermentation (Animals)

 Making Lactic Acid
 Human cells do this… in their muscles with out oxygen
 Human Effects? Muscle fatigue after weight-lifting or running…
 FEEL THE BURN!!!!
This is what it looks like
 Aerobic Respiration
What happens if there is O2 ??

 Respiration using oxygen is a 3 Step

Process…

 The good thing is, you get almost 20x

more energy than anaerobic…
 Equation for Cellular Respiration:
C6 H
12 O6 +
reac
O2 Enz
y me
s
t ants CO
2 + H2 O
+ Ene
prod rgy
ucts
(AT
P)
 Step #1 - Glycolysis
 Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm

 It requires splitting glucose into 2

Pyruvic Acids…just like fermentation

 By doing this, you get 2 ATP molecules

 Step #2-The Krebs Cycle
 Pyruvic acid is changed into 2 ATPS
 A.K.A-
 Citric Acid Cycle
 Step #3 – Electron Transport
Chain

 Hydrogen ions from pyruvic acid are

bounced around inside the mitochondria…
like a chain reaction or a relay race…

 32 ATP’s are made by the end of the

chain reaction…
Step #3: The Electron Transport
Chain
 The Grand Finale

 Adding it all up:

 ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION:

 Yields ONLY 4 molecules of ATP per 1

molecule of Glucose 
 AEROBIC RESPIRATION
 Glycolysis = 2 ATP’s
 Krebs Cycle = 2 ATP’s
 Electron Transport Chain = 32 ATP’s
 TOTAL = 36 ATP’s for every Glucose! 
 The Net Reaction

 C6H12O6 + O2 -----> CO2 + H2O + 36ATP