REDUCING OXIDIZING

AGENT AGENT

CHEMICAL
HEAT
CHAIN
REACTION

HEAT

Reducing
Agent
The Fire Tetrahedron
Oxidizing
represents the Flaming CHEMICAL Agent
mode of Combustion . CHAIN
REACTION.
OXYGEN SOURCES HEAT SOURCES

EN

HE
YG
The Fire triangle

AT
OX
represents the
smoldering mode of
Combustion.

FUEL
PHYSICAL STATE

GASES LIQUIDS SOLIDS

 SMOKE
CARBON MONOXIDE
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON PARTICLES
SULFUR DIOXIDE
WATER VAPOR
LIGHT HYDROGEN CYANIDE
OTHER GASES

FLAME
The Four products
of Combustion : FLAMMABLE
Heat, Light, Smoke, HEAT VAPORS
& the Fire Gases
FUEL
OXYGEN OXYGEN
 Heat can be conducted
through walls by direct
contact with pipes or
ducts.
 An example of
convection.

Upward travel of
Hot Gases as with
an open stairwell.
Heat and smoke will ‘mushroom’
when prevented from rising.
Radiated heat is one of
the major causes of fire
spread to exposures.
 ON HEARING THE FIRE ALARM

GO TO YOUR ASSEMBLY POINT & NEVER RE-ENTER

THE BUILDING

GO AHEAD,
ENTER AND
MAKE MY
DAY.

ONE WAY TICKET

HOLDERS ONLY.
 INCIPIENT PHASE

SUPER HEATED GASES ARE PUSHED INTO OTHER UN-INVOLVED AREAS WHERE
THEY MIX WITH OXYGEN, WHEN THE FLAMABLE RANGE IS REACHED THEY
IGNITE AND THE FIRE FRONT SPREADS ACROSS THE CEILING
 STEADY STATE PHASE

THE CONTENTS OF THE ROOM ARE HEATED UNTIL THEY

REACH IGNITION POINT AND IGNITE SIMULTAINIOUSLY.
AND ANOTHER ONE BITES THE DUST
 The old UK color code system is still in use in
WATER many places, ensure that you know your
system.

DRY
POWDER
In the USA & EUROPE, all extinguishers
use the same color system now (RED), but in
FOAM the UK new extinguishers have a color code
band painted around the top of the
extinguisher body, or the handles are
painted.
CO2

HALON Always check your extinguisher before you

use it.
CLASS A FIRES CLASS D FIRES
WOOD. ALUMINUM.
PAPER. MAGNESIUM.
RUBBER. TITANIUM.
CLASS C FIRES
PLASTIC. ZIRCONIUM.
INVOLVE LIVE
ELECTRICAL SODIUM.
EQUIPMENT POTASSIUM.
CLASS B FIRES
LITHIUM.
LIQUIDS.
CALCIUM.
GREASES.
ZINC.
GASES.
 CLASS D FIRES
ALUMINUM.
CLASS A FIRES
MAGNESIUM.
WOOD.
TITANIUM.
PAPER.
ZIRCONIUM.
RUBBER.
CLASS C FIRES SODIUM.
PLASTIC.
INVOLVE LIVE POTASSIUM.
ELECTRICAL LITHIUM.
EQUIPMENT
CLASS B FIRES CALCIUM.
LIQUIDS. ZINC.
GREASES.
GASES. CLASS C FIRES CLASS E FIRES ARE
ARE GASES IN UK ELECTRICAL IN
SYSTEM. NORTH AMERICA
DANGER Using the wrong
Fire Extinguisher on a metal
fire could cost you your life and
or spread the fire.

D
An explosive reaction will occur if
water is used on a metal fire.
 POP

AARGGH
CUT THE
POWER

BEWARE OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY. SWITCH

OFF THE POWER SUPPLY AND USE THE
CORRECT EXTINGUISHER
 BUT WHAT SHOULD WE DO
BETWEEN SERVICES
CERTIFICATE

WHAT SHOULD WE
CHECK FOR
 PREVENTION

SO HOW DO YOU
PREVENT FIRE
?
UMMM ? YOU
TELL ME.
SO, WHAT DID
WE LEARN
TODAY ?
LEAVE THE FIRE
FIGHTING TO
THE EXPERTS.