Meaning and Types of MOTIVATION

Andy Peter A. Gonzaga

DET 119
Caraga State University- Cabadbaran Campus
Meaning and Types of MOTIVATION

• What is MOTIVATION?
• Components of Motivation
• Theories of Motivation
• Types of Motivation
• Classifications of Motivation
• Motivation is defined as the process
that initiates, guides, and maintains
goal-oriented behaviours. Motivation is
a need or desire that energizes
behaviour and directs it towards a
goal.
Components of
Motivation
• Activation involves the decision to initiate a
behaviour, such as enrolling in a particular
class.
• Persistence is the continued effort toward a
goal even though obstacles may exist. An
example of persistence would be taking
medicine in order to earn a degree although it
requires a significant investment of time,
energy, and resources.
• Intensity can be seen in the concentration and
vigor that goes into pursuing a goal. For example,
one student might pass without much effort,
while another student will study regularly,
participate in discussions, and take advantage of
research opportunities outside of class. The first
student lacks intensity, while the second pursues
his educational goals with greater intensity.
•Theories of
Motivation
• Instinct theory
• Drive-Reduction
Theory
• Optimum Arousal
 • Instinct Theory

-Instincts are complex behaviors that have fixed

patterns throughout different species and are not learned
(Tinbergen, 1951).

Example:
• For example a woman builds different kinds of houses,
the bird builds only one kind of nest.
• Drive-Reduction Theory
-When the instinct theory of motivation failed to
explain most human motivation, it was replaced by the
drive-reduction theory. A physiological need creates an
aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an
organism to satisfy the need (Hull)
-Thirst, hunger, and the need for warmth are all
examples of drives. A drive creates an unpleasant
state, a tension that needs to be reduced.
Example of Drive-Reduction Theory
 • Optimum Arousal

-Human motivation aims to seek

optimum levels of arousal, not to
eliminate it. Young monkeys and children
are known to explore the environment in
the absence of a need-based drive.
• Types of Motivation

-Intrinsic Motivation
-Extrinsic Motivation
• Intrinsic Motivation
• The act of being motivated by internal factors to perform
certain actions and behaviour is called Intrinsic Motivation.
• There is neither pressure nor any sort of reward for the actions
you perform due to intrinsic motivation.
• It can take the form of motivation by the work itself when
individuals feel that their work is important, interesting and
challenging and provides them with a reasonable degree of
autonomy (freedom to act), opportunities to achieve and
advance, and scope to use and develop their skills and abilities.
Extrinsic Motivation
• In this type of motivation, the motives originate
from outside the human body. The driving force
exists outside the human body that stimulates
the individual to perform certain actions. Though
these motives are external to human body but
they have rewarding or punishing impact on the
individual.
THANK
YOU!!!!!