ELECTRONIC STICK FOR BLIND PEOPLE

Submitted By

N. Jayaprakash

Under guidance of

V. Anusha D. Sudhakar
Asst. Professor Asst. Professor
Internal guide Co- ordinate
 INTRODUCTION

• The main aim of this project is to detect the obstacle in front of the
electronic stick and giving the alarm
• This will assist the blind persons during the walk and provides an
alarm if any hurdle is detected with-In the set range
• This system mainly consists of a regulated power supply, IR
transmitter, IR receiver, control circuit and the output driver circuit
• The IR sensor detects the presence of an obstacle in front of the
person
 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROJECT

Battery Regulated Control Buzzer

Supply Circuit

Sensor
circuit

Block diagram of project

 MAJOR COMPONENTS INFORMATION

 Integrated Circuit 555

 Light Emitting Diode (LED)

 TSOP 1738 IR receiver

 Comparator

 Voltage Regulator
 INTEGRATED CIRCUIT 555

GND 1 8 VCC

TRIGGER 2 7 DISCHARGE
IC
555
OUTPUT 3 6 THRESHOLD

RESET 4 5 CONTROL
VOLTAGE
Pin diagram of IC 555

Block schematic of IC555

 LIGHT EMITTING DIOD

• A light-emitting diode
(LED) is a semiconductor
diode that emits incoherent
narrow spectrum light when
electrically biased in the
forward direction of the pn-
junction

Parts of a LED
TSOP 1738 IR RECEIVER

• This Tsop 1738 work as reciever

• Receives modulated infrared signal and
converts into electrical signal.
• If IR LED (reciever) detects any hurdle in
between of its line of sight communication
then voltage across its output get low.
• If IR LED (reciever) does not detect any
hurdle in the way of its line of sight
communication then voltage across it
remains high.
BUZZER
COMPARATOR

• In our project we have used IC LM319

• The LM319 is a dual high speed

voltage comparator designed to operate
from a single + 5V supply up to ±15V
dual supplies

• All pins of any unused comparators

should be tied to the negative supply.  

• The LM319 series are high gain, wide

bandwidth
 CIRCUIT DESIGN AND OPERATION
REGULATED POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT

7805
1 3 vcc
2
2K
47µF
230V 100µF 100µF
47µF
AC
 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM AND ITS OPERATION
LM7805
1 3 vcc
2
2K
47µF
230V 100µF 100µF
47µF
AC

vcc vcc
vcc vcc vcc
220E
vcc
A TSOP
8
7 4 470E 4 11 Buzzer
vcc
1K5 IC 100E
2
IC 10K
3 547 100µF 1 3
6 555 TSOP 5
319 12
O/P
2 1 5 3 8 6 10
10nF 10nF
O/P
 ADVANTAGES

 Multiplexers are used to sense obstacles in different directions

simultaneously. This means, the blind person might receive
different signals on obstacles in different directions around
him.
 The moisture sensing electrodes sense the moist soil or
stagnant water. This can be especially helpful during the rainy
season. It also contains micro-switches, to detect manholes.
 FUTURE SCOPE

 Technology created reading machines, talking books, and

computers that translate Braille.
 Communications technologies were easier to invent and
consequently were brought to market
 Technologies available for blind navigation are insufficiently
developed, adapted, and marketed.
 CONCLUSIONS

 Electronic walking stick for blind people helps the blind

people when the obstacle occurs at in front the person.
 The stick gives signal to the person by buzzer sound or
vibration when it detects the obstacle.
 Without the help of any other person the blind people can
walk easily.
 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF POWER SUPPLY

230V AC 5V DC
Transformer Rectifier Filter Regulator

Block diagram of power supply

 INTEGRATED CIRCUIT 555

• IC555 timer IC along with Infra red LED which is going to

transmit signal
• This IC consists of two comparators that drive the set(S) and
reset(R) terminals of a flip flop.
• The Q output is available as the overall output. Q' drives the
discharge transistor
• The reference voltage of comparator 1 is fixed at (2/3)V+ and
that of comparator 2 is fixed at (1/3)V+.