POWER ELECTRONIC CONTROL OF

INDUCTION MOTOR MOTORS

Dr Larik

Dr.Mahar

04/04/2021 1
Synchronous Speed
120 f
Ns 
p
ωs is syncronous speed [rad/sec]

Ns is syncronous speed [rpm]

p is numbers of poles

ω is the supply frequency [rad/sec]

f is the supply frequency [Hz]

Nm is motor speed 2
 Armature speed N is less than the speed of the rotating field Ns
by an amount equal to the slip speed s.

Ns  N
s
Ns
 The frequency of an induction machine at the rotor side isn‘t
the same as the frequency at primary side.

Rotor Frequency, f r  sf s

where fr and fs are rotor current frequency and mains supply

frequency, respectively.

3
Torque–Speed Characteristic

For small values of slip, developed torque is proportional to slip.

4
 TORQUE-SPEED CHARACERISTIC
of Induction Motor

Tmax Td

Tst TL
Tm=TL
Operating point

Smax S=Sm S=0

S=1 m s
Nm =0 Nm Ns

5
Stator Voltage Control
Controlling Induction Motor Speed by Adjusting
The Stator Voltage
Td
Vs > Vs1 > Vs2
Tmax

Tst TL
Tst1
Tst2

2 1 
S=1 S=0
s
Nm =0 Ns 6
Stator Voltage Control of Induction Motor

04/04/2021 7
Stator Voltage Control of Induction Motor

(d) Motor in Y and SCRs in delta

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Stator Voltage Control of Induction Motor

(e) Motor in Y SCRs pairs in delta (f) Motor in delta Y and SCRs in

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 Varying supply voltage and
supply frequency
 The best method since
supply voltage and supply T f decreasing

frequency is varied to
keep V/f constant
 Maintain speed regulation
uses power electronics
T

circuit for frequency and
voltage controller nr3
nNL3
nr2
nNL2
nr1 nNL1
n

 Constant maximum
torque MZS FKEE,
10 10

UMP
Frequency Voltage Control
Controlling Induction Motor Speed by Adjusting The
Frequency Stator Voltage
Td
fs2 < fs1 < fs
Tmax

Tst2
Tst1
Tst TL

2 1 s
S=1 S=0 S=0 S=0
 m =0 fs2 fs1 fs 11
 Control of WRIM from Rotor Side

Rotor Resistance Control By SCR Switching

To vary the external rotor resistance

between R2 and (R1+R2) by varying the

firing angle between zero and 180

respectively.

04/04/2021 12
 Rotor Resistance Control By SCR Switching

This slide shows a chopper scheme to vary the resistance. The rotor slip power is converted to direct current and is

fed to R. The average value of external resistance between the slip rings can be varied from zero to R by means of

chopper.

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 Slip Energy Recovery

This shows a slip energy recovery scheme. The slip power is first rectified and then sent

back to the supply through inverters. A wide range of speed / torque can be obtained for

most load conditions. This scheme introduces harmonics into the supply system and the

motor suffers from very low power factor

04/04/2021 Static Scherbius System 14

 Slip Energy Recovery

This shows another scheme for slip energy recovery. In this case, the slip power is rectified and the

resultant DC current is supplied to the armature of a DC motor, which is connected mechanically to

the main WRIM. Varying the excitation of the dc motor controls speed.

04/04/2021
Static Kramer System 15
 Super Synchronous Control

A control scheme by means of which the speed of WRIM can be increased above synchronous value.

The inverter thyristors are self-commutated by the rotor voltage at speeds well away from synchronous

speeds. But near to synchronous speed, the voltage across slip rings is low and forced commutation is

needed to turn-off the inverter thyristors.

Super Synchronous Speed

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 Stator Voltage Control of Induction Motor

 This method of speed control is being employed in low and medium power application in which

the load torque varies as the square of the motor speed

 There are several possible ways in which the thyristors can be connected to the primary

windings of an induction motor. Six of them are shown

 (b) shows saving in rectifiers & the trigger circuitry required is reduced from 6-pulse to 2-pulse channel

 (c) Is used to measure the fundamental and harmonics of voltage applied across each impedance and found

that this circuit gives the highest ratio of fundamental to total rms operation

 (d) shows a simple and low cost circuit

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 THANKS

04/04/2021 18