Issues On Trends and Innovations

MAJOR ISSUES
On the Trends and Innovations of Education
Group 2
EDM 215 – Issues and Trends in Education
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
Vedasto J. Samonte School of Graduate Studies
Laoag City
RECAP
TRENDS AND INNOVATIONS IN EDUCATION
1. ASEAN Integration and the K-12 Curriculum
2. 21st Century Learning Model (CLM)
3. Education for Sustainable Development
4. Industrial Revolution 4.0 in Education
5. Blended Learning and Other ICT Related Approaches and
Innovations in Education
6. The New Normal in Education
Laoag City
ISSUES TRENDS AND INNOVATIONS IN EDUCATION
Issues on the trends and innovations in education are

important matters being talked about, questioned,
discussed or argued. These are concerns which have been
observed especially during the implementation process.
Laoag City
QUALITY OF EDUCATION
Clarissa P. Pascual
Laoag City
QUALITY OF EDUCATION
The quality of education affects the economic and

social progress of a nation. This greatly affects the
productivity and creativity of the people. Hence, it is
important to provide quality education to learners.
Laoag City
 The Philippines did not achieve the desired mastery level which
is 75%.
Data retrieved from the ASEAN State of Education Report of 2013.
Laoag City
 Below the target mean score
Source https://www.manilatimes.net/2019/09/26/campus-press/grade-6-nat-scores-
at-low-mastery-level/621772/
Laoag City
Result of 2018 NAT also showed a steady decline in national
average mean percentage score (MPS) in the Grade 6, 37.44,
which is the weakest performance in the history of the
standardized examination of the DepEd. This places the result in
the “low mastery” descriptive level of DepEd.
Laoag City
The Program for International Student Assessment (PISA)
 2018
 The Philippines ranked below the average of participating
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
(OECD countries).
 bottom for the performance in reading

 second-lowest for both Mathematics and Science
Laoag City
It is also important to note that there are different factors which
contribute to the deteriorating quality of education such as:
- budget for education

- poor quality of teachers
- poor management of schools
- poor method of instruction
- content of the curriculum
- inadequate materials and equipment
- shortages of classrooms
Laoag City
EQUITY IN EDUCATION
Daisylen A. Lagatero & Karen P. Lobiogo
Laoag City
EQUITY IN EDUCATION
Equity is visible in the field of education if every learner has

the support they need to be successful. This is giving an equal
access and fair treatment to all learners to ensure opportunities
for student achievement.
Laoag City
EQUITY IN EDUCATION
Equity in education is when every student receives the

resources needed to acquire the basic work skills of reading,
writing, and simple arithmetic.
Laoag City
EQUITY IN EDUCATION
 Not all students are receiving the same quality of education in

the country and not all have access to it.
 The disadvantaged population groups are unable or have trouble

going to school.
Laoag City
Drop-out Rates, Out of School Youth and
Student Retention
In the Asia-Pacific Region, students who are members of

low-income poverty-stricken families, have immensely higher
drop-out rates in the elementary level.
Laoag City
Source: http://uis.unesco.org/en/country/ph
Laoag City
EQUITY IN EDUCATION
 Equity becomes more challenging in this time of pandemic.
 Over 826 Million students kept out of classrooms by the

pandemic do not have access to a computer at home.
 Around 706 Million students lack internet access and 56

million live in areas not covered by mobile networks.
Source of Data: UNESCO Institute of Statistics (UIS) and the Teacher Task Force
Laoag City
EQUITY IN EDUCATION
 DepEd mentioned that the number of learners who did not

enroll due to the COVID-19 pandemic is close to 4 million.
Laoag City
 Major reasons of the out-of-school children and youth for not
attending school according to PSA:
a) marriage or family matters (42.3%)

b) high cost of education or financial concerns (20.2%)
c) lack of personal interest (19.7%).
Laoag City
BUDGETARY ALLOCATION
Sapphire S. Hidalgo
Laoag City
Education is included in the sectors with largest bulk of budget

but we still have one of the lowest budget allocation to
education and we are below the proportions being allocated by
neighboring countries.
Laoag City
 This indicates the level of resources an organization is

committing to a department or program
 Helps to ensure that resources are being used efficiently and

effectively
Laoag City
Among the problems resulting from poor funding are:
 Shortages of classrooms
 Teacher shortages
 Poor/absence of school facilities
 Low salaries of teachers
 Inadequate/shortage of books, chairs, teaching tools,
devices and other equipment
 Higher education resource constraints
Laoag City
In 2019, with the years of K-12 implementation, there are still
reports that DepEd has failed to provide printed learning materials
such as textboooks and learning modules for some strands in the SHS
and materials in the Mother-Tongue. There are too many students and
too little resources. These issues then affects the services of the
teachers and the quality of education being received by learners.
Laoag City
IN THE NEW NORMAL…
Source: GMA News Online
Laoag City
 Sevilla said the department initially submitted a budget proposal of P1.1
trillion for 2021 but the DBM slashed it to P605.5 billion.
 With less funds, it would be impossible to provide students a copy of
each of the modules to be used and that is why the idea of using the
modules on rotation basis has emerge.
Laoag City
MISMATCH
Rey Daniel M. Julian
Laoag City
4. MISMATCH
 Mismatch refers to the lack of coherence between the
required educational level or skills for a given job/position and
the worker’s level.
skill gap or over skilling
over-education and under-education
Laoag City
 There is a large mismatch between educational training and
actual jobs.
 This stands to be a major issue at the tertiary level and it is

furthermore the cause of the continuation of a substantial amount
of educated yet unemployed or underemployed people.
Laoag City
 According to Dean Salvador Belaro Jr., the Cornell-educated
Congressman representing 1-Ang Edukasyon Party-list in the
House of Representatives, the number of educated unemployed
reaches around 600,000 per year. He refers to said condition as
the "education gap".
 Ineffective production of quality graduates that have the skills

needed in the labor market.
Laoag City
 There should exist a comprehensive policy/program coverage by
different government agencies and the private sector especially with the
rise of the 4th Industrial Revolution.
 It is essential for business and industry to be actively involved in higher

education.
Laoag City
OVERWORKED AND
UNDERPAID TEACHERS
Lovely Queen M. Julian
Laoag City
5. OVERWORKED AND UNDERPAID TEACHING STAFF
 Teaching is not included in the list of highest-paying jobs/professions in
the Philippines.
 Many teachers teach in overcrowded classes and have to deal with the
lack of materials.
 Teachers also tend to have jobs irrelevant to teaching itself.
Laoag City
https://www.ikot.ph/make-salary-of-teachers-in-philippines-at-par-with-asean-gatchalian%EF%BB%BF/
Laoag City
 Some parents/guardians still contact teachers beyond class/office

hours because of their availability to follow up their children.
Laoag City
At present, where Printed Modular Distance Learning (PMDL) is utilized

by majority, modules on rotational basis causes more workloads for
teachers. There are some students that are not religious in submitting their
previous set of modules, while their modules are counted for the next
rotation, so the teacher will be reproducing another set of module that
causes late distribution of modules.
Laoag City
COMPETENCY OF
HUMAN RESOURCES
Darrel A. Macalma
Laoag City
COMPETENCY OF HUMAN RESOURCE
The department should hire competent teachers.
The weak academic and technical training of teachers is said to

be one factor affecting the decline in the quality of education.
Laoag City
COMPETENCY OF HUMAN RESOURCE
There has been a growing concern with the readiness of

teachers for the implementation of the K to 12 curriculum.
Trainings and programs for the development of teachers should

be sustainable, continuous and to be really applied.
There should be a strong support to continuous professional

development.
Laoag City
 Most teachers do not have the relevant training for distance
learning.
 There are teachers with limited knowledge in the ICT norms,

and there is also the issue of the lack of internet access.
 According to DepEd, 40% of the 800,000 teachers nationwide

were trained for distance learning through the ICT unit. What
about the 60%?
Laoag City
Teachers must ensure that the quality of learning remains,

even with the absence of face-to-face experiences. Teachers
shall take advantage of technology but not neglect the learning
design. Human Resources need to learn how to deal with
complexity, how to adapt to the new reality of work, and they will
need emotional and interpersonal support.
Laoag City
ISSUES IN THE NEW NORMAL
OF EDUCATION
Laoag City
Preparations for the New Normal in Education
 There has been consultation with stakeholders
 Conduct of LESF
 Orientation for teachers and learners
 Distance learning modalities are being utilized
 Printing and preoaration of Self-Learning Modules (SLMs)
 Preparation of TV/RBI materials
Laoag City
Preparations for the New Normal in Education
 Dry run and simulations have been initiated
 Provision of devices, equipment and materials
 Webinars were conducted
 Continuous preparation and collaboration among stakeholders
Laoag City
CHALLENGES OF ONLINE DISTANCE LEARNING, BLENDED
LEARNING & OTHER ICT-RELATED INNOVATIONS IN EDUCATION
Cez Joshua R. Mabalo
Laoag City
ONLINE DISTANCE LEARNING
 Features the teacher as facilitator, engaging learners’ active
participation through the use of various technologies accessed
through the internet while they are geographically remote from
each other during instruction.
 Students are being taught in a Virtual Learning Environment

(VLE)
Laoag City
ONLINE DISTANCE LEARNING
 hosted with recorded lectures, e-books and online materials
 can be synchronous or asynchronous
 Synchronous - often more interactive than the other types of

distance learning as response is real time
 Asynchronous – more of learning at one’s own pace long as
tasks are done within the given period
Laoag City
BLENDED LEARNING
 is a teaching method that combines traditional face-to-face
instruction with technology.
 This refers to a learning delivery that combines face-to-face

with any or a mix of online distance learning, modular
distance learning, and TV/Radio-based Instruction.
Laoag City
CHALLENGES OF ONLINE LEARNING, BLENDED LEARNING AND
OTHER ICT-RELATED INNOVATIONS
1. Lack of Essential Infrastructure

 can be costly
 Developing and maintaining technology can be a pricy
venture
 Not all academic institutions are prepared and have the
resources to adopt the online teaching
Laoag City
2. Access to the Internet and Acquisition of Devices
Stable and fast internet connection supports the instructional

delivery in online distance learning. However, the Philippines’ fixed
average speed as of early this year is only 26.18 Mbps which
makes the country ranked 114th in the world for mobile speeds and
108th for fixed broadband speeds (Ookla, LLC, 2020).
Laoag City
With the Philippines’ slow and intermittent Wi-Fi internet
connection, we must be ready for interrupted classes and even
dropped students. One might think his or her delivery is getting
on smoothly, but at the students’ end, there may be
occasionally time-offs. With the pandemic affecting the
economy and causing a recession and unemployment to rise,
some families might not even afford the gadgets and internet
speed needed for smooth interconnection.
Laoag City
DepEd reported that over 1 Million devices and gadgets, tools for
blended learning, had been received by 93% of teachers and
students nationwide. But a survey by the department showed that
majority of 800,000 teachers still lacked gadget and internet access,
which are necessary for blended learning.
Laoag City
 There are learners who do not have gadgets. There are those
who have the gadget but do not have access to the internet.
 We can reflect on these in the LESF accomplished before the

start of the school year.
Hardware and software, must haves in blended learning, could be

costly to everyone - educators, students and parents.
Laoag City
3. IT Literacy of Teachers and Learners
 Anyone who does not have adequate computer skills will
more than likely struggle with blended learning models.
 Inadequate training of teachers and students can quickly

derail a blended learning model.
 Teachers must acquire a certain level of IT competency and

proficiency needed for distant online learning to work
effectively.
Laoag City
4. Retaining Teacher Authenticity
 Teachers need customizable instructional delivery models

designed to retain the teachers’ authenticity.
 The importance of establishing routines is essential, for

teacher’s way to control the students and to monitor their
participation in the teaching- learning process. Instruction
should still be differentiated.
Laoag City
5. Creating an Effective Self-Paced Learning Environment
Some students require more time than others to learn skills.

Self-direction is hard and must be scaffolded for students. If not
handled well, this may lead to unequal classroom.
Laoag City
6. Building Student Authentic Mastery
Many computer-based programs allow students to speed

through requirements without truly mastering the content or
skills they need to succeed. There should be revisions,
reassessment and reflection.
Laoag City
7. Individual Differences
 Learners may experience cognitive overload as teachers may
overdeliver content and activities.
 Learners do not have the same level of interest and enthusiasm.
 Worse for struggling students who need further support and

assistance.
 Differentiating lessons require materials and resources to enrich
the understanding of concepts, yet learners’ home cannot sustain
such for every facet of learning.
Laoag City
5 Common Problems Faced by Students
1. Adaptability Struggle
2. Technical Issues
3. Computer Literacy
4. Time Management
5. Self-Motivation
Laoag City
8. Assessment, Plagiarism and Credibility Problem
Temptation of looking up things on the web or getting

instant tips from fellow students/knowledgeable adults are
possible. This may affect fair assessment and quality of course
work. Besides, the teacher needs to make learners aware of
the perils of unverified online resources, such as bias,
distortion and misrepresentation of facts.
Laoag City
Tips for Effective Online Classroom Management
Put Distractions Away
Treat the Webcam Like a Person
Have a Dress Code
Address Discipline Issues Fast
Teach Lessons That Privilege Text
Laoag City
Tips for Effective Online Classroom Management
Add Visual Cues to Your Lessons
Flip the Classroom
Decide on Signals
Hold Class Wherever You Can Hold Students’ Attention
Create a Question Parking Lot
Laoag City
Online learning requires planning, preparation, diligence
and a degree of expertise not just for the teacher, but
especially for enabling and support systems. It calls for a high
budgetary allocation as well to avail of the infrastructures and
devices.
Laoag City
OTHER ISSUES IN THE NEW NORMAL OF EDUCATION
Clarissa P. Pascual
Laoag City
 Different Preparation
 Internet issue
 Shift in evaluating students’ learning
 Managing virtual classroom behavior
 Challenging conduct of classes
Source: Cebu Finest

Laoag City
 Errors in modules and ETV episodes due to production rush

 Social media and its effect in education
 Lack/Inadequate funding for production of Materials
 Internet connection
 Assessment in the New Normal
Laoag City
Other trending issues:
 Risk for teachers
 Readiness of teachers for the implementation of ADMs
 Establishment of remote parent-teacher communication
 Work-family balance for both parents and teachers
 Procurement of health and safety kits in schools
 Provisions of activities and breaks for mental and emotional health
Laoag City
DISADVANTAGES OF MODULES AND
TV/RADIO-BASED INSTRUCTION
Daisylen A. Lagatero & Karen P. Lobiogo
Laoag City
According to a survey conducted by the Department of Education
(DepEd), learning through printed and digital modules emerged as
the most preferred distance learning method of parents with
children who are enrolled this academic year (Bernardo, J). This is
also in consideration of the learners in rural areas where internet is
not accessible for online learning.
Laoag City
Advantages of Printed and Digitized Modular Distance Learning
 Acquisition of Better Self-Study or Learning Skills Among

Students
 More Choice and Self-Pacing for Students;
 More Variety and Flexibility for Teachers and Staff
 Increased Adaptability of Instructional Materials

Laoag City
Disadvantages of Printed and Digitized Modular Distance Learning:
 Greater self-discipline and self-motivation required for students

 Increased preparation time and lack of concrete rewards for
teachers and staff
 Greater administrative resources needed to track students and
operate multiple modules.

Laoag City
Issues Encountered in TV/Radio Based Instruction
 Unavailable content in audio-visual format
 Difficulties of countries to produce content in quantity and

quality in short time
 Absence of pre-existing partnerships for the design and

broadcasting of the educational content
Laoag City
Issues Encountered in TV/Radio Based Instruction
 Need for communication and collaboration between education

specialists and the professionals of the audio-visual sector for
the production of educational programs.
 Lack of the knowhow and expertise in monitoring and evaluation

of learning
Laoag City
ERRORS IN MODULES AND ETV
EPISODES DUE TO PRODUCTION RUSH
Sapphire S. Hidalgo
Laoag City
Errors in Modules and ETV Episodes Due to Production Rush
 The Department of Education (DepEd) said the errors seen in their
educational broadcast was due to the department’s limited work force.
 The postponements of opening, seemed to be not enough to ensure that

the education department's learning materials were error-free.
 These mistakes are a telling sign that much still needs to be improved in
the country's education system.
Laoag City
1. Grammatical errors
2. Wrong math equation
3. Sound of an airplane
4. Black and white color matching type
5. Gender stereotypes in children's toys
6. Module referring
7. Wrong rhythmic pattern in music class
Laoag City
Laoag City
Laoag City
Laoag City
Laoag City
ASSESSMENT AND FEEDBACKING
IN THE NEW NORMAL
Darrel A. Macalma
Laoag City
Assessment and Feedbacking in the New Normal
Assessment of student learning is "the process of

gathering and evaluating information on what students know,
understand, and can do in order to make an informed
decision about the next steps in the educational process.
Laoag City
 challenging aspects in online learning, especially in

courses where evaluation is normally done with direct
objective measurement tools
 There is a chance of open-everything basis.
 It is not easy to discriminate student scores because of the

wealth of reference materials available.
Laoag City
 Validity and trustworthiness of students’ responses may also
become an issue as distance learning cannot provide real-time
guidance of teacher-facilitator when giving examinations and
making outputs.
 Current school closures necessitate development of alternative

approaches to delivering the critical feedback function of learning
assessment.
Laoag City

Important things to consider:
 Formative assessment can be administered in synchronous and

asynchronous forms.
 Even in low-resource and low-connectivity contexts, formative
assessment can happen during school closures.
 Irrespective of how formative assessment is communicated, it
needs to be valid, timely, constructive, and specific to the learning
needs of the child.
Laoag City
 Facilitators or administrators should interact with participants
to make sure that learning outcomes are understood and thus
expectations are met.
 Communication between teachers and parent/guardians

should be established.
Laoag City
Instructional Designs Should Be:
 Meaningful
 Memorable
 Motivational
 Measurable
Laoag City
Three Core Aspects for Successful Implementation
A. Collaboration
B. Making pragmatic decisions
C. A learner-centered approach
Laoag City
ESTABLISHMENT OF REMOTE PARENT-TEACHER
COMMUNICATION
Rey Daniel M. Julian and Lovely Queen M. Julian
Laoag City
Establishment of Remote Parent-Teacher Communication
The collaboration between teachers and parents is the

foundation of the education system in the ‘new normal’ as they
are the first point of contact for students for all the educational
needs. All the stakeholders should come together to support this
partnership to ensure that children receive education seamlessly
in the times of the pandemic.
Laoag City
 When facilitating distance learning, educators are even more

dependent on parental engagement to help deliver the best
learning experiences for their students.
 This change in the educative process can be stressful as daily

routines are interrupted, families and friends are isolated, and
many caregivers attempt to balance working from home while
their children learn from home.
Laoag City
 Not all parents can monitor their children’s progress.
 There are parents’ or guardians who have less formal

education

Laoag City
SOME WAYS TO ESTABLISH PARENT-TEACHER
RELATIONSHIP IN THE NEW NORMAL
a. Strategy
 Orient parents and guardians
 Set realistic expectations as both you and your students’
families acclimate to a new normal
b. Conduct Check-In Surveys

 Check in occasionally by asking parents for some quick
survey responses to homeschooling-related questions
c. Send Monday Motivation Emails/Messages
d. Schedule Q&A times

 Set expectations for how and when to best reach out to you and
to proactively create communication channels for parents to ask
more in-depth questions.
e. Include Parents In Progress Reports And Student One-On-Ones.
 Schedule time as needed to discuss how students are

progressing, any concerns they have, and how parents can
help.
Laoag City
COPING MECHANISMS
 Positive well-being
 Time management
 Openness to change
 Peer mentoring
 Collaboration
 A Dedicated Work Space Can Improve Mental Wellness
 Communication is Vital for Maintaining Mental Health for
Teachers and Learners
 Set Office Hours While Remote Teaching
Laoag City
CONCLUSION
There are a lot of issues in the field of education especially we

are experiencing a sudden shift with this crisis. It’s a challenging
time for everyone, so it’s important to strive to share
communications that are sensitive, clear, and supportive. Human
resources are vital factors that is why we need to have competent
teachers, supervisors and administrators. Sustained concerted
effort among stakeholders and adequacy in support and resources
may help combat these issues. Key inputs to the education
system, such as curricula, teachers, and education
infrastructure, help to improve the quality of education.
Laoag City
.
Whatever mode of flexible learning your school may implement, teachers and administrators are
undoubtedly concerned with maintaining student engagement. Many challenges come to mind,
but they can generally be divided into three general categories:
 Administrative. Some modes of learning are conducted without a teacher or facilitator, and
students may get confused on how they could progress through the course, especially if they
are not aware of the expected or desired outcome. At times, students might need the
continuous guidance of their teachers through virtual means.
 Social. Administrators can expect their students to feel isolated, since these modes of learning
are conducted without the interaction between students and teachers seen in the traditional
classroom.
 Motivation. As students are compelled to continue their education from their own homes, they
face an entirely different set of distractions that may hinder them from completing the required
coursework.
Laoag City

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MAJOR ISSUES

On the Trends and Innovations of Education

Issues on the trends and innovations in education are

The quality of education affects the economic and

Data retrieved from the ASEAN State of Education Report of 2013.

 bottom for the performance in reading

- budget for education

Equity is visible in the field of education if every learner has

Equity in education is when every student receives the

 Not all students are receiving the same quality of education in

 The disadvantaged population groups are unable or have trouble

In the Asia-Pacific Region, students who are members of

 Equity becomes more challenging in this time of pandemic.

 Over 826 Million students kept out of classrooms by the

 Around 706 Million students lack internet access and 56

 DepEd mentioned that the number of learners who did not

a) marriage or family matters (42.3%)

Education is included in the sectors with largest bulk of budget

 This indicates the level of resources an organization is

 Helps to ensure that resources are being used efficiently and

Source: GMA News Online

over-education and under-education

 This stands to be a major issue at the tertiary level and it is

 Ineffective production of quality graduates that have the skills

 It is essential for business and industry to be actively involved in higher

 Teachers also tend to have jobs irrelevant to teaching itself.

 Some parents/guardians still contact teachers beyond class/office

At present, where Printed Modular Distance Learning (PMDL) is utilized

The department should hire competent teachers.

The weak academic and technical training of teachers is said to

There has been a growing concern with the readiness of

Trainings and programs for the development of teachers should

There should be a strong support to continuous professional

 There are teachers with limited knowledge in the ICT norms,

 According to DepEd, 40% of the 800,000 teachers nationwide

Teachers must ensure that the quality of learning remains,

 Students are being taught in a Virtual Learning Environment

 Synchronous - often more interactive than the other types of

 This refers to a learning delivery that combines face-to-face

1. Lack of Essential Infrastructure

Stable and fast internet connection supports the instructional

 We can reflect on these in the LESF accomplished before the

Hardware and software, must haves in blended learning, could be

 Inadequate training of teachers and students can quickly

 Teachers must acquire a certain level of IT competency and

 Teachers need customizable instructional delivery models

 The importance of establishing routines is essential, for

Some students require more time than others to learn skills.

Many computer-based programs allow students to speed

 Learners do not have the same level of interest and enthusiasm.

 Worse for struggling students who need further support and

Temptation of looking up things on the web or getting

Put Distractions Away

Treat the Webcam Like a Person

Have a Dress Code

Address Discipline Issues Fast

Teach Lessons That Privilege Text

Add Visual Cues to Your Lessons

Flip the Classroom

Hold Class Wherever You Can Hold Students’ Attention

Create a Question Parking Lot

Source: Cebu Finest

 Errors in modules and ETV episodes due to production rush