Taken from UST Architecture exams by Arch.

Rafael Alli
Recommended review material for UST Preboard Exam
Prepared by: arkireviewph.multiply.com
Types of Plumbing Piping Materials
Cast iron pipe
Galvanized iron/steel pipe
Plastic pipe
Brass pipe
Copper tube
Lead pipe
Asbestos cement pipe
Glass pipe
magnesium pipe
Aluminum pipe
Types of Flexible Plastic Pipes
Polyethylene
Polybutylene
Types of Rigid Plastic Pipes
Polyvinylchloride
Chlorinated polyvinyl
Polypropylene
Acrilonitryle butadiene styrene
 Types of Galvanized Steel Pipes
Welded pipe
Seamless pipe
Varieties of Cast Iron Pipe
Standard pipe
Single hub pipe
Double hub pipe
Hubless pipe
Locations of Floor Drain
Shower
Bathroom floor
Garage
Near water closet
Laundry area
Near urinal
Kitchen?
Causes of Trap Seal Loss
 siphonage
 back pressure
 evaporation
 capillary attraction
 wind effects

Types of Valves
Gate valve
Check valve
Globe valve
Angle valve
Butterfly valve
Foot Valve
Safety valve
Types of Traps
P-trap
S-trap
3/4 s-trap
Grease trap
Bag trap
Crown trap
Bell trap
Types of Ventilation Systems
Unit vent
Circuit vent
Yoke vent
Loop vent
Relief vent
Back vent
Blind vent
Branch vent
Polyvinyl chloride
A strong, rigid and economical plastic pipe. It resists
a wide range of acids and bases but may be damaged
by some solvents and chlorinated carbons.
Glass pipe
A type of pipe manufactured from low expansion
borosilicate having low alkali content; primarily used
for the drainage of various corrosive liquids. It is very
brittle and should be used when some measure of
protection is provided against damage.
Check valve
A valve that permits the flow of liquid in a pipe in one
direction only and closes automatically to prevent
backflow.
Floor drain
A fixture providing an opening in the floor to drain
water into the plumbing system.
cleanout
A pipe fitting with a removable plug which provides
for inspection or cleaning of the pipe run; also called
an access eye or cleaning eye.
Circuit vent
A branch vent which serves two or more traps and
extends from infront of the last fixture connection of
a horizontal branch to the stack.
Vent pipe
A pipe attached to drainage pipes near one or more
traps which leads to outside air.
Wye fitting
A fitting used to connect a branch pipe into a straight
run of piping at 45 degrees.
trap
A fitting or device so constructed as to prevent the
passage of foul air, gases and some vermin without
affecting the flow of sewage inside the pipe.
Seal Measurement
The vertical distance between the top dip and crown
weir of a pipe.
Seepage pit / cesspool
A lined and covered excavation in the ground which
receives the discharge of domestic sewage or other
organic wastes from a drainage system.
Septic tank
A watertight receptacle which receives the discharge
of a plumbing system or part thereof and is designed
and constructed so as to separate solids from liquid,
digest the organic matter through a period of
detention and allow the effluent to discharge into a
drainage system.
Back vent
Also called an individual vent
Blind vent
A vent which terminates on the upper side of the
fixture and does not connect to the main vent system.
This is sometimes done with the intent of cheating.
Globe Valve
A valve in which the flow of fluid is controlled by a
rotating drilled ball that fits tightly against a resilient
seat in the body.
Loop Vent
A type of ventilation system used on fixtures in a
room away from partitions.
Air Gap
The unobstructed vertical distance through the free
atmosphere between the outlet of a waste pipe and
the flood level rim of the fixture or receptacle into
which it is draining.
Trap
A device or fitting which provides when properly
vented, a liquid seal to prevent the emission of sewer
gases without materially affecting the flow of sewage
or waste water through it.
Horizontal Pipe
Any pipe or fitting which makes an angle of less than
45degrees with the horizontal.
Half Bath
A bathroom containing a water closet and a lavatory.
Roughing-in
The installation of all parts of the plumbing system
which can be completed prior to the installation of
fixtures.
Floor Mounted Fixture
Refers to a plumbing fixture that rests on the floor.
Flushometer
A device which discharges a predetermined quantity
of water to fixtures for flushing purposes.
Full Bath
A bathroom containing a water closet, a lavatory and
a bathtub.
Hose bibb
A faucet to which a hose may be attached.
Area Drain
A receptacle for wastes which are ultimately
discharged into the sanitary drainage system.
Riser
A water supply pipe that extends one full storey or
more to convey water to fixture branches or to a
group of fixtures.
Soil Stack
A vertical line of piping that extends one or more
floors and receives the discharge of water closets,
urinals and similar fixtures.
Vent Pipe
The pipe installed to ventilate a building drainage
system and to prevent trap siphonage.
 (siphonage also syphonage - 2 accepted spellings)
Stack Vent
A vent which also serves as a drain.
The extension of a soil or waste stack above the
highest horizontal drain connection to the stack.
Building Supply Pipe
The pipe from the water main or other source of
water supply to the water distributing system of the
building.
Vent Stack
A vertical pipe installed in order to provide
circulation of air to and from the drainage system.
Drain Pipe
A pipe that only conveys liquid waste, free from fecal
matter.
Siphonage/Syphonage
A suction created by the flow of liquid in pipes.
Stack
A general term for any vertical line of soil, waste and
vent pipe extending through one or more storeys.
Backflow
The flow of water in pipes in a reverse direction from
the which is normally intended.
Battery of fixtures
Any group of two or more similar adjacent fixtures
which discharge into a common horizontal waste or
soil branch.
Branch
Any part of the piping system other than the main
riser or stack.
Clean-out
A fitting with a removable plate or plug that is placed
in plumbing drainage pipe lines in to afford access to
the pipes for the purpose of cleaning their interior.
Developed Length
The length of pipe measured along the center line of
the pipe and fittings.
Crown Weir
The highest part of the inside portion of the
bottom surface at the crown of a trap.
Fixture Drain
The drain from the trap of a fixture to the junction of
that drain with any other drain pipe.
Durham’s System
A term sometimes used to describe a soil or waste
pipe system which is constructed of threaded pipe,
tubing or other rigid construction, using recessed
drainage fittings.
Invert
The lowest portion of the inside surface of any
horizontal pipe.
Indirect Waste Pipe
A waste pipe that does not connect directly with the
drainage system but conveys liquid waste by
discharging into a plumbing fixture or receptacle.
Sewer
An artificial conduit, usually underground, for
carrying off waste water and refuse.
Alkalinity
Cased by bicarbonates, carbonates or hydroxide
components
E.Coli
Bacteria in water
Foamability
Caused by detergent
Flocculation
Coagulation, alum is added
Ferrous Bicarbonate
Iron in water
Hardness
Caused by calcium and magnesium deposits
Zeolite
Water softening
Black Water
Water plus human waste from toilets and urinals
Grey Water
Waste water from laundry area, lavatory, sink, shower
and bathtub.
Color/ Discoloration
Caused by iron and manganese
Filtration
Mode of turbidity correction
Hydro-pneumatic System
Indirect water distribution system
50-75 gpd
Water supply requirement for single family
4
WSFU value for bathtub, public use
3/8”
Minimum fixture supply size for lavatory
Synonymous terms
 Toilet - water closet
 Individual vent - back vent
 Building sewer -
 Building drain -
 Clean-out -
 P-trap -
 Floor set - floor mounted
 Gate Valve - full way valve
 Hub - bell
 Lavatory - wash basin
 Vent stack - main vent
 Common vent - unit vent
 Soil or waste vent -
 Slop sink - service sink?
 Flocculation - coagulation
Done! :)
Source: preliminary and final examinations 2002
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