PROMINENT

SOCIAL SCIENTISTS

AT H U LYA J O S E
DAVID RICARDO
David Ricardo was a British political Economist, One of
the most Influential of the classical Economists along with
Thomas Malthus, Adam Smith, and James Mill.

Born :18 April 1772 London, England

Profession :Businessman, economist
Contributions : Ricardian equivalence, labour theory of
value, comparative advantage, law of diminishing returns,
Ricardian socialism, Economic rent
Famous Works : Value theory, Principles of Political Economy
and Taxation
Died : 11 September 1823
 THOMAS ROBERT MALTHUS
Thomas Robert Malthus was an English cleric
and scholar, influential in the fields of political
economy and demography.

Born : 13 February 1766, Westcott, United Kingdom

Contributions : Malthusian Growth Model
Education : Jesus College, University of Cambridge,
Warrington Academy
Works : Principles of Political Economy
Died : 29 December 1834, Bath, United Kingdom
ADAM SMITH
Adam Smith was a Scottish Economist, Philosopher and
author as well as a moral philosopher. He also known as “
The Father of Economics.

Born : 16 June 1723, Kirkcaldy, United Kingdom

Education : Kirkcaldy High School, University of Oxford, Ballio
College
Works : The Theory of Moral Sentiments, An Inquiry into the
Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations
Notable Ideas : Classical Economics, Modern free market, Division
of labour
Died : 17 July 1790, Edinburgh, Scotland
 KARL MARX
Karl Heinrich Marx was a German philosopher, economist, historian,
sociologist, political theorist, journalist and socialist revolutionary. Marx's
political and philosophical thought had enormous influence on subsequent
intellectual, economic and political history. His name has been used as an
adjective, a noun, and a school of social theory.

Born : 5 May 1818 ,Trier, Prussia, German Confederation

Education :University of Bonn, University of Berlin, University of
Jena
Notable ideas : Marxist terminology, surplus value, contributions to
dialectics and the labour theory of value, class conflict, alienation and
exploitation of the worker, materialist conception of history
Died :14 March 1883, London, England
AUGUSTE COMTE
Isidore Marie Auguste François Xavier Comte was a French philosopher and
writer who formulated the doctrine of positivism. Comte's ideas were also
fundamental to the development of sociology.

Born :19 January 1798, Montpellier, France

Notable ideas :Sociological positivism,law of three stages, encyclopedic
law, altruism
Died :5 September 1857 ,Paris, France
 MAX WEBER
Maximilian Weber was a German sociologist, historian, jurist, and
political economist, who is regarded among the most important theorists on
the development of modern Western society. His ideas would profoundly
influence social theory and social research.

Born : 21 April 1864, Erfurt, Germany

Education : University of Göttingen (1885–1886)
Notable ideas :Weberian bureaucracy, instrumental and value-rational
action, instrumental and value rationality, instrumental and intrinsic value,
charismatic, traditional, and rational-legal authority.
Died :14 June 1920 Munich, German
ALFRED MARSHALL
Alfred Marshall was an English economist, who was one of the most
influential economists of his time. His book, Principles of Economics,
was the dominant economic textbook in England for many years. It brings
the ideas of supply and demand, marginal utility, and costs of production
into a coherent whole.

Born : 26 July 1842, London, United Kingdom

Education : St John's College, Merchant Taylors' School
Contributions : Founder of neoclassical economics, Principles of Economics
Marshallian scissors, Internal and external economies
Died :13 July 1924,Cambridge, England
 ÉMILE DURKHEIM
David Émile Durkheim was a French sociologist. He formally
established the academic discipline of sociology and, with Max Weber,
is commonly cited as the principal architect of modern social science.

Born : 15 April 1858, Épinal, France

Education : École Normale Supérieure, Lycée Louis-le-Grand
Notable Ideas : Sacred–profane dichotomy, Collective consciousness,
Social fact, Social integration, Anomie, Collective effervescence
Died : 15 November 1917, Paris, France
 HERBERT SPENCER
Herbert Spencer was an English sociologist, biologist, anthropologist,
and philosopher famous for his hypothesis of social Darwinism whereby
superior physical force shapes history.

Born : 27 April 1820, Derby, United Kingdom

Main interests : Evolution, positivism, laissez-faire, utilitarianism
Notable ideas : Social Darwinism, Survival of the fittest , Law of equal
liberty
Died : 8 December 1903, Brighton, England
 M. N. SRINIVAS
Mysore Narasimhachar Srinivas was an Indian sociologist and social
anthropologist. He is mostly known for his work on caste and caste
systems, Social stratification, Sanskritisation and Westernisation in
southern India and the concept of 'Dominant Caste’.

Born : 16 November 1916, Mysuru

Education : University of Mumbai, University of Oxford
Notable ideas : Sanskritization, Inter and intra-caste solidarity
Died : 1999, Bengaluru