AC POWER ANALYSIS

Find the average power for each element

4 2

vs  10cos  2t  30
1H 0.25F
Circuit in frequency domain

Z1
ZT
 REMEMBER..

You may use any method of your

choice to solve for current/voltage..
And, you may also apply any
formula to find the power..
The right choice will save your time!
 Calculate Z1

Z1
Z1  j2 (2  j2)
(j2)(2  j2)
  2  j2
2
 Using current divider

ZT Z1
Vs 1030
I   1.58111.565 
ZT 4  2  j2
 j2 
 I1   I  1.581101.565
2
 2 - j2 
 I2   I  2.23656.565
 2 
 Calculate P for the source

Vs I
Ss   P  jQ
2
Ss 
 10301.581  11.565
2
Ss  7.90518.43  7.5  j2.5 VA

Average power supplied by the source is 7.5 W

 Calculate P for 4 Ω resistor
2
I R
PR 
2

 PR 
 1.581  4
2
5W
2
 Calculate P for inductor

2
I ZL
SL 
2

 SL 
 2.236  j2 
2
 j5 W
2
The average power absorbed by the inductor is 0 W
 Calculate P for 2 Ω resistor

2
I1 R
PR 
2

 PR 
 1.581  2 
2
 2.5 W
2
 Calculate P for capacitor

2
I1 ZC
SC 
2

 SC 
 1.581  - j2 
2
  j2.5 W
2
The average power absorbed by the capacitor is 0 W
 Example

0.1 j1 
 
Vrms  2400 100 

j1 
0.1  j1 
 

source

 Line

 Load
FIND:
a) P and Q absorbed by the load
b) P and Q absorbed by the line
c) P and Q supplied by the source
0.1 j1 
 
Vrms  2400 100 

j1 
0.1  j1 
 

 
source


Line

Load
 Calculate the circuit current 0.1  j1 
 
Vrms  2400 100 

j1 
0.1 j1 
 

 
source


Line

Load

ZT  0.1  j  0.1  j  100  j

 100.2  j3 
VS 240
I    2.39  1.72
ZT 100.2  j3
 (a) The average power and reactive power
absorbed by the load
0.1 j1 
 
Vrms  2400 100 

j1 
0.1  j1 
 

 
source


Line

Load

Sload  I 2 Zload
 Sload  2.39 100  j
2

 2.39 1000.57  571.210.57

2

 571.18  j5.68
P  571.18W Q  5.68VA
 (b) The average power and reactive power
absorbed by the line

0.1  j1 
 
Vrms  2400 100 

j1 
0.1 j1 
 

 
source


Line

Load

Sline  I 2 Zline
 Sline  2.39  0.2  j2
2

 2.39  2.0184.29  11 .4884.29

2

 1.14  j11 .42

(c) The average power and reactive power
supplied by the source
0.1 j1 
 
Vrms  2400 100 

j1 
0.1 j1 
 

 
source


Line

Load

Ssource  Vs I
 Ssource   240 2.391.72
 573.61.72
 573.34  j17.22
 Find Io


Io

V  2200
12 kW 16 kW 20 kV ar
0 .8 6 6 p f le a d in g 0 .8 5 p f la g g in g 0 .6 p f la g g in g

I o  443.26  28.13 A
Ex: Find the power factor

4 j5 

- j2  - j2 

Ans : pf  0.555 (leading)

 Ex: Find the power factor

 j1  4

1 j2  j1 

Ans : pf  0.930 (lagging)

 Example

(a) Find P and Q for each element

(b) Find the pf of the circuit
20  10 

Vs  500
- j10  j5 
 PROBLEM 1
 For the entire circuit, calculate;
(a)Power factor
(b)The average power delivered by the source
(c)The reactive power
(d)The apparent power
(e)The complex power

Ans: (a)0.9956 lag (b) 15.56W (c) 1.468 VAR (d) 15.63VA
(e) 15.56+j1.468 VA
 PROBLEM 2

 Calculate the reactive power in the inductor and

capacitor

Ans: j169.546Var, -j706.61Var

 PROBLEM 3

 Obtain the complex power delivered by the source

Ans: 4.543+j1.396VA
 PROBLEM 4
Determine the Norton equivalent of the circuit
below as seen from terminal ab. Use equivalent
to find Io. Then find the complex power load 10-
j5