Personal and Social

Development
Obj. 1.03- Analyze the impact
of personal
growth/development and
change throughout life.
Factors that Impact
Mental Health
1. What impacts Mental Health
a) Stress
i. Caused by daily activities
ii. Illness
iii. Life changes
iv. Crisis
b) Effects of Stress
c) Strategies for Dealing with Stress
i. Establish Good Health Habits
ii. Use physical activity to relieve tension
iii. Talk about problems with trusted friend
iv. Keep a positive outlook
continued……..
vi. Be a good time manager
vii. Engage in relaxation activities
viii. Utilize support systems
Factors that Impact Physical Health
2. Factors that impact Physical Health
a) Diet/Nutrition
b) Weight Management
c) Adequate sleep/rest
d) Physical Activity
e) Avoidance of harmful substances
f) Hygiene/grooming
3. Benefits of Wellness
a) Looking good
b) Feeling Good
continued….
c) Improved productivity
d) Improved safety
e) Less work days missed due to illness/injury
f) Lower health care costs
g) Increased energy level
h) Improved self-concept
Future Growth is Influenced by
Safety Practices
1. Causes of Accidents
a) Knowledge/skill
b) Environmental hazards
c) Poor safety attitude
d) Unsafe behavior
1) Recklessness
2) Bad temper
3) Lack of consideration for others
4) Carelessness
5) Laziness
6) Fatigue
7) Impatience
8) Emotional state
9) Intoxication
Future Growth is Influenced by
Safety Practices
2. Employee’s role in preventing workplace
accidents
a) Maintain good health
b) Use equipment/machinery properly
c) Wear and use protective equipment
d) Follow safety rules
3. What actions to take in a workplace
accident.
4. Costs of Accidents
a) Employee costs
b) Employer/business costs
c) Economic costs
continued….
5. Government’s role in workplace safety
a) OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)
b) Workmen’s Compensation
 PART 2

Life Cycles and

Life Tasks
Individual Lifecycle and Life
Tasks
1. Infancy
a) Social Development
I. Begins to communicate through facial expressions,
gestures and actions
II. Shows response to attention
III. Develops separation anxiety
b) Physical Development
I. Gross motor skill activities
II. Fine motor skill activities
III. Development of hand-eye coordination
continued….
c) Intellectual Development
I. Can say simple words
II. Know the meaning of several words
d) Emotional Development
i. Learns that positive behavior is met with approval
ii. Learns that negative behavior is met with
punishment
iii. Begins to express emotions
e) Life Task (Erikson)- Trust vs. Mistrust
continued….
2. Toddler
a) Social Development
I. Develops issues with sharing
II. Begins recognizing male and female roles
III. Parallel play
b) Physical Development
I. Walks
II. Shows greatly improved hand-eye coordination
III. Shows greatly improved fine motor skills
continued….
c) Intellectual Development
I. Begins to use imagination
II. Can differentiate “before” with “after”
III. Develops memory skills
IV. Replaces single words with phrases and simple
sentences
d) Emotional Development
i. Sensitive about assistance. “I can do it!”
ii. Does not respond readily to commands or time
constraints
e) Life Task (Erikson)- Autonomy vs.
Shame and Doubt
continued….
3. Pre-schooler
a) Social Development
i. Enjoys cooperative play
ii. Waits for turn
iii. Learns to obey rules
b) Physical Development
i. Can tie shoelaces and fasten buttons
ii. Can skip, hop, run, and jump
iii. Continued development of fine motor skills and
manual dexterity
continued….
c) Intellectual Development
I. Understands and expressed dislikes
II. Can focus attention
III. Can perform simple reasoning
IV. Can follow simple directions
d) Emotional Development
i. Feels guilt
ii. Expresses ideas/feelings through dramatic play
iii. Likes to take responsibility in helping with duties
e) Life Task (Erikson)- Initiative vs. Guilt
continued….
4. School Age
a. Developmental tasks
i. Learn to be proud of accomplishments
ii. Learn to try hard
iii. Learn to cooperate
iv. Learn basic academic and social skills
b. Life task (Erikson) – Accomplishment
vs. Inferiority
continued….
5. Adolescence
a. Developmental tasks
i. Develops self-identity
ii. Establishes emotional independence
iii. Plans for employment
iv. Develops mature relationships
v. Adopts masculine and feminine roles
vi. Adopts a set of standards to guide behavior
vii. Accepts and adopts socially acceptable behavior
viii. Accepts body and appearance
b. Life task (Erikson) – Identity vs.
Identity confusion
 continued…
1. Adulthood
a) General young adulthood developmental
tasks
I. Establishes roles as spouse, employee and peer
II. Establishes relationships with friends and co-workers
III. Establishes physical environment (neighborhood,
community and residence)
b) 20’s
I. Developmental tasks
a. Develops intimacy
b. Builds a style of living (housing, work, relationships)
II. Life task (Erikson) – Intimacy vs. Isolation
continued….
c) 30’s
i. Developmental tasks
a. establishes roots (children, community, and career
goals)
b. Focuses on children, career and community
ii. Life task (Erikson) – Generativity vs. Self-
absorption
continued….
d) 40’s
i. Developmental tasks
a. Re-evaluates life
b. Realizes mortality
c. Looks for change in education, career and/or family

ii. Life task (Erikson) – Integrity vs. Despair

continued….
e) 50’s
i. Developmental tasks
a. finds stability and peace
b. Empty nest-renewed focus on being a “couple”
c. Caring for aging parents-”Sandwich generation”
d. Financial security

ii. Life task (Erikson) – Integrity vs. Despair

continued….
f) 60’s, 70’s and 80’s
i. Developmental tasks
a. Re-evaluates life
b. Realizes mortality
c. Looks for change in education, career and/or family

ii. Life task (Erikson) – Integrity vs. Despair

 PART 3

Family Life Cycle

Family Life Cycle
1. Beginning stage
2. Parental stage
a) Expanding- child bearing
b) Developmental years- child bearing
c) Launching
3. Middle-age stage-Empty nest
4. Retirement stage
Understand Developmental
Changes and Transitions
1. Development progresses at different
rates for each individual
2. All aspects of development will change
throughout an individual’s life
3. Individuals are always a “Work in
Progress”
4. The Family Life Cycle and Life Span
Developmental Tasks are only a guide
5. Each stage is inter-related and builds
upon the stage before it.
Understand Various Life Roles
1. Personal
2. Leisure
3. Community
4. Learner
5. Family
6. Work
Understand Lifestyle Components
1. Demand on time
a) Community responsibilities
b) Family responsibilities
i. Parenting/caretaker
ii. Home/vehicle maintenance
iii. Transportation
iv. Financial planning
v. Preparation/planning of meals, clothing and
healthcare
c) Work responsibilities
i. Work/hours location
ii. Education/lifelong learning
iii. Travel
iv. taking work home / Working at home
continued….
2. Importance of Leisure time
a) Types of leisure activities/Hobbies
b) Find a balance
i. Results of over-scheduling leisure time
ii. Results of over-scheduling work time
3. Demands on money/resources
a) Community
a) Club/membership dues
b) Neighborhood
c) Taxes
continue…
b) Family
i. Childcare
ii. Housing
iii. Healthcare/insurance
iv. Food
v. Clothing
vi. Recreation
vii. Maintenance (household and vehicle)
viii. Utilities
ix. Savings
continued….
c) Work
i. Education costs
ii. Clothing
iii. Transportation
iv. Union dues
 PART 4

Management
Strategies
Apply Management Strategies
1. Execute time management strategies
a) Write daily schedule/set goals
b) Be flexible; expect the unexpected
c) Schedule down time
d) Make “to do lists”; prioritize
e) Avoid procrastination
f) Take time to think about time
continue….
2. Execute money management strategies
a) Reduce, reuse, and recycle
b) Keep track of spending
c) Don’t carry large amounts of cash
d) Shop smart
e) Avoid use of credit
f) Plan for emergencies
g) Budget
Types of Change
1. Planned
2. Unplanned
3. Voluntary
4. Involuntary
Life Changes
1. Family Changes
a) Marriage
b) Birth or adoption
c) Family members in need of financial
assistance
d) Aging parents in need of care
e) Death of spouse/family member
f) Receipt of inheritance
g) Separation or divorce
h) Boomerang child
continued….
2. Occupational Changes
a) Starting a career
b) Changing jobs
c) Starting your own business
d) Becoming unemployed/laid off/reduction in
force
e) Being promoted /demoted
f) Lifelong learning
g) Transfer
continue….
3. Health Changes
a) Becoming disabled
b) Growing older
c) Chronic/terminal illness
d) Fitness/diet plans
e) Smoking/alcohol use
Impact of Changes on Lifestyle
1. The change process
a) Loss
b) Doubt
c) Discomfort
d) Discovery
e) Understanding
continued…
2. Strategies to deal with change
a) Prioritize
b) Accept that change is inevitable
c) Ask for help and support
d) Recognize options
continued….
2. Resources to assist in life transitions
a) School
i. Social worker
ii. Guidance counselor
iii. Mentor
iv. Child nutrition services
b) Community resources
i. Department of Social Services
ii. Mental health
iii. Job/career centers
iv. Employee Assistance Programs
continued…
4. Attribute successful life transitions to
change management strategies
Laws pertaining to
Life Role Changes
1. Family Medical Leave Act
2. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
3. Medicare/Medicaid
4. Workers’ Compensation
5. Unemployment Insurance
6. Rehabilitation Act of 1973
7. Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act
(COBRA)
8. Age Discrimination Act of 1992
9. Americans with Disabilities Act
10. Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)
11. Vocational Rehabilitation Services
12. Fair Labor Standards Act
Motivation to Work and Career
Aspirations Throughout Life
1. Job vs. Career
2. Reasons to Work
a) Money/income
b) Interact with others
c) Achieve self-fulfillment
d) Establish prestige/lifestyle
e) Contribute to physical and mental health
f) Establish an avenue of self-expression