Design problem 3

A 250 kw, 500V, 6 pole, 600 rpm, dc generator has an armature diameter of 0.75m,
and a length of 0.3m. The lap connected armature gas 720 conductors. using the
data obtain from this machine determine the diameter length, number slots for a
350 kw, 440 V, 720 rpm, 6 pole dc generator. Assume a square pole face with a pole
arc to pole pitch ratio equal to 0.66. The efficiency is 91%, voltage drop is 4% of the
terminal voltage. The diameter of the commutator is 0.7 of armature diameter. The
pitch of commutator segments should not be less than 4mm, voltage between
adjacent commutator segments should not exceed 15V at no load.
From 250 KW machine
Pa= P/η = 250 kw/ 0.91 = 275 Kw, Pa= CoD2Ln
n= 600/60 =10, Co = (Pa/D2L n) = (275/0.752x0.3x 10) = 163
Bav= (pφ/πDL) , E = (φZN/60)x( p/a)
E = v+IaRa
IaRa = 4%of terminal voltage = 4%(500) = 20
E = 500 + 20 = 520 v.
E = (φZN/60)x( p/a) ,
Φ= (E.a)/( Z. n. p) = ( 520 x 6)/(720x10x6)= 0.0722wb.
Bav= (pφ/πDL) =(6x0.0722/ πx0.75x0.3)= 0.61 wb/m2
Using the data from first machine design second one. First machine
data are Co= 163 and Bav= 0.61 wb/m2

Pa= P/η = 350 kw/ 0.91 = 385 Kw

Pa= CoD2Ln n= 720/60 =12
D2L = (Pa/Co n) = (385/163 x 12) = 0.198 , D2L=0.198 ----(1)
Ψ = b/τ = 0.66, assume square pole face b=L
L/ τ = 0.66, L= 0.66 τ
L= 0.66 x (πD/p) = 0.67x x (πD/6) = 0.345D, L=0.345D
Substitute this value of L in (1) get D
D=0.835m. L=0.29m
I = 350kw/440 v = 795.44 A
Lap winding
Bav= (pφ/πDL)
• From this equation find φ.
• Φ = (Bav x πDL/p)= ( 0.61x πx0.835x0.29/6)= 0.0773 wb.
E = V +IaRa = 440 + 4%(440)=440+17=457.6 v
Find the number of conductors
• E = (φZN/60)x( p/a)

• n= N/60= 720/60 = 12

• Z= (E.a/ φnp) = ( 457.6x 6/0.0773x12x6) = 493

Z= 493
Number of slots.
lap winding
1. Slots range = πD/25mm to πD/35mm
=( πx0.835/25mm)to (πx0.835/35mm)
= 105 to 75
2. Minimum number of slots per pole is 9 and maximum 16
Sa=number of armature slots then
Sa/p should be minimum 9
Ie Sa/6 =9 then Sa = 9x6 =54 Sa/p maximum =16 ie, Sa=6x16 =96
So the range starts from
For Lap winding number slots should be a
multiple of pole pair
• Sa = 75 to 96
• Pole pair = 6/2 = 6/2 =3

• From 75 to 96 select the slots which are multiple of pole pair.

ie, should be a multiple of 3
Selected slots are
75, 78, 81, 84, 87, 90,93,96
for lap winding slots/pole should be an integer + (1/2)
• Slots /pole = (Sa/p)
Check for each selected slots 75, 78, 81, 84, 87, 90,93,96
1. 75, (Sa/p) = (75/6) = 12.5
2. 78, (Sa/p) = (78/6) = 13
3. 81, (Sa/p) = (81/6) = 13.5
4. 84, (Sa/p) = (84/6) = 14
5. 87, (Sa/p) = (87/6) = 14.5
6. 90, (Sa/p) = (90/6) = 15
7. 93, (Sa/p) = (93/6) = 15.5
8. 96, (Sa/p) = (96/6) = 16
from this integer+1/2 , 75,81,87,93
One more step to further reduce flux
pulsation slots/pole arc can be a integer + 1/2
• Slots /pole arc = ψ(Sa/p),
Check for each selected slots 75,81,87,93
1. 75, ψ(Sa/p) = 0.66(75/6) = 8.25
2. 81, ψ(Sa/p) = 0.66(81/6) = 8.91
3. 87, ψ(Sa/p) = 0.66(87/6) = 9.57
4. 93, ψ(Sa/p) = 0.66(93/6) = 10.23
from this integer+1/2 , 87
Minimum number of coil should be EP/15 = 457.6x6 /15 =183

• Sa= 87
• Zs= Z/Sa= 493/87= 6
• Assume coil side/ slot u
• U= 2, C= uxSa/2= 2x87/2=87
• U=4 , C= uxSa/2=4x87/2 =174
• U=6, C= uxSa/2= 6x87/2 =261
U should be a divisor of conductors /slot
• Sa= 87
U= 6, Zs=6, C= 261
Commutator pitch =𝞫c = πDc/C
Dc = Commutator diameter =0.7 of armature diameter, given
number of coils = number of commutator segments
C= 261
𝞫c = πDc/C = πx 0.7 x0.835/156 = 7.03mm
So acceptable pitch is with C= 261 given by Sa=87
Final slot=87
Conductors/slot =6
Final conductors = 87x6 =522.